Mastering New Testament Greek Textbook Ted Hildebrandt Baker Academic

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Predicate or Attributive

Sometimes neither the adjective nor the noun has the article. In this case the context must determine whether to translate it attributively or predicatively.
kai> a]nh>r a]gaqo>j kai> diand a good and righteous man (Lk. 23:50)

Introduction to ei]mi<

ei]]mi< is a stative verb (it indicates a state of being) and so has no voice (active, middle, or passive).

In English “is” takes a predicate nominative rather than the normal accusative. It is correct to say “This is he” and incorrect to say “This is him.” Similarly, in Greek a noun or pronoun in the nominative goes with the verb, one as the subject the other nominative is the predicate nominative. Learn to chant through this paradigm.

Present Indicative of ei]mi<

Singular		Plural
ei]mi<	I am	e]sme	we are
ei#	you are	e]ste<	you are
e]sti<(n)	he/she/it is	ei]si<(n)	they are

Note: The third singular and plural may take a moveable n.

Examples:
o!ti o[ qeo>j a]lhqhthat God is true (Jn. 3:33)

]Hli le“Are you Elijah?” And he said, “I am not.” “Are you the prophet?” (Jn. 1:21).

Predicate Adjective with a verb: attributes some quality to the subject of the sentence.

It is used with verbs ei]mi< and gi
o[ qeo>j a]lhqh>j e]stin

God is true (true=Pred. Nom. Adj.) (John 3:33)

Chant #4: Present Indicative (PAI) ei]mi< Verb

(chant left column then right column)

ei]mi< e]smeei# e]ste<

e]sti<(n) ei]si<(n)

ou], ou]k, and ou]x (no, not)

Ou] is placed before the word it negates, which is usually the verb. There are three main forms of this word, depending on the initial letter of the word that follows it:
1. ou] before a consonant.

2. ou]k before a vowel with a smooth breathing mark.

3. ou]x before a vowel with a rough breathing mark.
In addition, ou]xi< is a strengthened form of ou] (see lexicon).
Examples: ou]—no, not (before a consonant)

1. kai> tau?ta ou] ginw

And you do not understand these things? (Jn. 3:10).

2. kai> ou] lamba

And you do not accept me (Jn. 5:43).
Examples: ou]k—no, not (before a word that begins with a vowel with a smooth breathing mark)

1. kai> to>n lo

And you do not have his word in you (Jn. 5:38).

2. kai> le

And he said, “I am not.” (Jn 1:21)
Examples: ou]x—no, not (before a word that begins with a vowel with a rough breathing mark)

1. ou]x u[mei?j le

Do you not say that . . . (Jn. 4:35).

2. kai> ou]x o[ a@nqrwpoj dia> to> sa

and not man for the Sabbath (Mk. 2:27)

Vocabulary

a]gaqo	good (102)
a!gioj, -a, -on	holy (233)
di	righteous (79)
ei]mi<	I am (2,460)
]Ioudai?oj, -a, -on	Jewish, a Jew (195)
me	great, large (243)
nekro	dead (128)
ou], ou]k, ou]x	no, not (1606)
prw?toj, -h, -on	first (155)
fwnh<, -h?j, h[	voice (139)

Memory Verse: John 1:1

]En	a]rx^?	h#n	o[	lo
In	beginning	Was	the	Word,

kai>	o[	lo	h#n	pro>j	to>n	qeo
and	the	Word	was	with	the	God,

kai>	qeo>j	h#n	o[	lo
and	God	was	the	Word.

Note: In the last clause, the definite article marks o[ lo

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Personal Pronouns

You will be able to—

1. understand English pronouns and their various uses;

2. learn and translate the various Greek pronouns;

3. recognize proclitics and enclitics and how they effect accent changes;

4. describe how the pronoun works with its antecedent;

5. describe how a pronoun is used for emphasis, possession, and in attributive and predicate positions; and

6. master ten more high-frequency vocabulary words.

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