Seven key areas of interest have been identified by the ATA. These are:
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Heavy vehicle related accidents and causal factors
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Sleep science and fatigue management
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Road and vehicle design, including rest areas
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Speed management
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Human and social factors influencing heavy vehicle road safety, including heavy vehicle driver licensing
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Effectiveness of industry accreditation schemes
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Heavy vehicle interaction with other transport modes
There is a degree of overlap in the subject matter to be covered across each of these areas. The report was therefore structured to address these seven topics in five chapters. The interaction of heavy vehicles with other transport modes has been merged with the road and vehicle design topic, while sleep and fatigue management is addressed within the human and social factors topic. The structure for the report is shown in Table 1 .3.
1.2Presentation of results
The results of the research scan are presented in a tabular format. Each table identifies the author(s) of the publication, the publication type, the public availability of the publication, a brief description of the research involved, and concise summaries of the research findings. The tables are accompanied by a brief discussion of overall findings for each section as is a discussion of identified research gaps.
Table 1.3
Topic structure and examples of subject matter
Topic
|
Area
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HV accidents: causal factors and
characteristics
|
|
|
Speed
|
|
Fatigue
|
|
Seat belts
|
|
Road infrastructure
|
Road & vehicle design
|
|
|
HV-other transport interaction
|
|
Delineation
|
|
Road condition
|
|
Rest Stops
|
|
Lane capacity
|
|
Traffic management
|
|
Underrun protection
|
|
|
Human & social factors
|
|
|
Sleep/fatigue
|
|
Substance use
|
|
Licensing schemes
|
|
Fitness for duty
|
|
Distraction
|
Speed management
|
|
|
Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA)
|
|
Enforcement
|
Effectiveness of accreditation
schemes
|
|
|
NHVAS
|
|
TruckSafe
|
|
WA heavy vehicle accreditation scheme
|
Note: items in italics indicate original topics that have been incorporated
into other areas of the report
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2Research scan methodology
Heavy vehicle and road safety literature published in Australia and internationally were reviewed for each of the topics to be covered by the report. Focussing on research conducted within the last ten years ensures that the report considers the latest and most up to date knowledge available. Where necessary relevant research outside of the heavy vehicle or road safety fields were also incorporated to ensure a comprehensive coverage.
The literature search focussed on the key issues identified for each topic with search strategies customised accordingly. The literature search included a search of the Centre for Automotive Safety Research's extensive road safety library and also includes searches of the following databases and indexes:
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Australian Transport Index (ATRI) - Road transport resources. Subjects: road safety, traffic accidents, heavy vehicles, freight, traffic engineering, vehicle design, road design, human factors, speed and speed limits.
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Transport - Transport resources. Subjects: road safety, traffic accidents, heavy vehicles, human factors.
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CASR library catalogue - A collection of over 25,000 items Subjects: road safety, vehicle safety, vehicle design, human factors, speed, licensing.
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Academic Search Premier - A Multi-disciplinary database.
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PsycInfo - American Psychological Association (APA) database. Subjects: behavioural science, human factors.
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Informit - A Wide range of databases. Subjects: health, business, humanities, social sciences.
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Compendex - A Scientific and technical research database. Subjects: engineering.
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Internet search engines Google and Google scholar were also used to locate relevant materials.
The search also included the following materials: peer reviewed journal articles, published reports, technical papers, conference proceedings, and any relevant electronic materials.
Websites of key trucking and road safety organisations from Australia and internationally were also searched for relevant reports and other publicly available publications relevant to the aims of the research scan. These included:
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The Australian Trucking Association;
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Austroads;
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The National Transport Commission;
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The National Highway and Traffic Safety Association (US);
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The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (US).
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Various Road Safety Research Organisations including Monash University Accident Research Centre, The George Institute
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State Road Authority websites
Key words
To identify research relevant to heavy vehicle road safety key words relevant to each area were identified and used. All searches were conducted to return results for both heavy vehicles and trucks. Examples of key words used in the present study are provided in Table 2 .4.
Table 2.4
Examples of key search terms
Topic
|
Search terms*
|
HV accidents: causal factors and
characteristics
|
|
|
Accident or crash
|
|
Accident type
|
Road & vehicle design
|
|
|
Shoulder
|
|
Roadside
|
|
Median
|
|
Barrier
|
|
Rest stop
|
|
Road design
|
|
Vehicle design
|
|
Electronic stability control
|
|
|
Human & social factors
|
|
|
Sleep and fatigue
|
|
Fatigue management
|
|
Substance and drug use
|
|
Licensing schemes
|
|
Fitness for duty
|
|
Distraction
|
Speed management & enforcement
|
|
|
Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA)
|
|
Enforcement
|
|
Speed
|
|
Speed management
|
Effectiveness of accreditation
schemes
|
|
|
Accreditation scheme
|
|
TruckSafe
|
|
National heavy vehicle accreditation
|
General terms
|
|
|
Evaluation
|
|
Technology
|
|
Effectiveness
|
|
Review
|
* All search terms used in conjunction with the terms “heavy vehicle” and “truck”
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Limitations of the scan
Whilst every effort was made to identify and obtain the largest amount of heavy vehicle relevant research as possible, due to time constraints it is possible that some relevant materials have not been included.
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