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8.5Accreditation schemesThe success of accreditation programs has been determined by comparing the crash rates of vehicles from accredited operations to those from non-accredited operations. Such studies have demonstrated positive safety benefits of accreditation schemes. Accreditation, it would appear, also offers a number of benefits for productivity although these are yet to be adequately quantified. 8.6Recommendations for future researchThroughout this research scan a number of knowledge gaps have been identified as potential targets for future investigation. Recognising that it is impractical to embark on a research program addressing each of the areas identified in this scan it is suggested that a program of research addressing the following areas, in no particular order, offer the most benefit to heavy vehicle road safety. 8.6.1FatigueFatigue is a clear issue for the heavy vehicle industry. Any research with the potential to improve the way in which fatigue is managed within the HV industry should be encouraged. Research that further helps identify HV drivers who may be at greater risk of fatigue-related crashes would assist this process. 8.6.2Seat beltsIndications of the seat belt use of heavy vehicle drivers suggest that compliance with seat belt use is low with estimates ranging from 4-30% (Haworth, Bowland, & Foddy, 1999; Symons, 2004). Estimates of the benefits of increasing seat belt use among heavy vehicle drivers would effectively prevent 37% of fatalities, 36% of serious injuries, and 22% of slightly injured truck occupants (Simon & Botto, 2001). Research to improve seat belt use among heavy vehicle occupants should seek to establish the prevalence of seat belt use by HV occupants and identify the reasons that influence HV occupants’ use of seat belts. 8.6.3Road design and traffic managementInternational research indicates that lane and speed restrictions for HVs on some road sections have positive effects for road safety in these areas. Research should evaluate the effectiveness of such strategies under Australian conditions. This research could also investigate the effect of these restrictions on traffic flow and productivity of the HV industry. 8.6.4TechnologyNumerous technologies have been developed with potential safety benefits for HVs. Evaluations of the effectiveness of these technologies will assist the HV industry in the identification of those technologies that offer the greatest benefits for HV safety. Such research is important given the rate at which existing technologies evolve and new technologies are developed. It is also important to identify ways in which the most at risk HV drivers benefit most from these technologies. 8.7Closing commentsThis heavy vehicle road safety research scan has demonstrated the extent to which the heavy vehicle industry, government agencies, and research professionals are committed to improving heavy vehicle road safety world-wide. Within Australia, a number of stakeholders are actively committed to the advancement of heavy vehicle road safety through the development of policy, regulation, and support of research. This research scan represents the active steps taken by a key industry body, the Australian Trucking Association, to guide the strategic direction, future development and improvement of heavy vehicle safety. AcknowledgementsThis research scan was commissioned by the Australian Trucking Association (ATA). ATA input was provided by Bill McKinley and Jodie Broadbent. The Centre for Automotive Safety Research is supported by both the South Australian Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure and the South Australian Motor Accident Commission. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the University of Adelaide or the funding organisations.
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