Republic of Belarus Proposed Energy Efficiency Project Environmental Assessment
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Borisov.The results of an EIA study conducted by the designing institute “Belnipienergoprom” in 2008 for the Borisov site have been used in identification of the possible adverse impact for the investment proposed for Borisov. Within the framework of the EIA, a modelling exercise was carried out to evaluate pollutants emission. The main adverse impacts for the Mogilev site are described in summary form, and also in the EMP presented in Section 5.
Construction Phase If not properly addressed, impacts during the construction stage of the project may include the following: Noise pollution. Noise from a variety of construction works can affect construction workers, along with people living in close proximity of the construction sites. Social infrastructure objects (hospitals, schools etc.) are of particular concern. Temporary air pollution (NOx, dust etc.) from construction works and increased traffic. Use of machinery, especially heavy machinery to perform construction work and increased traffic to and from the construction sites will lead to temporary increase in air pollution (NOx, fugitive dust etc.) at the construction sites and along the roads leading to these sites. Pollution of soil and water at the construction site through oil and/or fuel spillages. Accidental spillages and leakages from temporary oil and/or fuel storage, along with oil/fuel leakages from machinery at the construction site can pollute soil, ground and surface water. Improper storage of construction waste at the construction site can cause soil and water pollution, injuries to contractors’ workers and other persons during works. Injuries to contractors’ workers if applicable safety and occupational health standards are not observed. Damage to human health due to exposure to asbestos containing materials. Asbestos containing materials can be encountered during construction works on old boiler houses. Loss of or damage to archaeological artefacts. Archaeological “chance finds” can occur during excavation works. Increased risk of traffic accidents from increased traffic of heavy machinery. Increased traffic to and from the construction site increases the risk of traffic accidents. Increased soil erosion. Construction works can cause disturbance of topsoil and paved areas, which, in turn, can lead to soil erosion. Pollution caused by poor disposal of waste materials. Improper disposal of construction waste can lead to soil and water pollution at the waste disposal sites. Operation Phase If not properly addressed, impacts during the operation stage of the project may include the following: Increased local air pollution. Air pollution can increase locally due to the increase in amount of fuel burned. However, according to a modelling exercise conducted within an EIA study for the Mogilev site,, it is not expected that the increased local air pollution in the boiler house’ air sheds will exceed the established standards (see page 3 for the established MACs). Below, the expected maximum criteria pollutants’ concentration, which counts also the baseline pollution, expected after the reconstruction is presented (in MAC units):
Soil and ground water pollution and damage to human health from accidental spillage of fuel (diesel and fuel oil) and turbine and transformer oil from storage tanks and during shipment. Substantial amount of fuel and oil will be stored on the boiler houses sites in above ground storage tanks. Leakages and accidental spillages of these substances can cause damage to the environment and human health. An official from the Belarusian Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (MoEnv) informed nowadays only PCBs2 free transformer oil is used in Belarus. Risk of fires. Burning and storing large amount of fuel poses an increased threat of fires at boiler houses.
The mitigation measures outlined in this section should be undertaken as part of the project implementation process to mitigate potential impacts from construction and operation activities. The EMP in Section 5 summarizes the impacts and mitigation measures, as well as monitoring and supervisory responsibilities. Key mitigation measures include the following: A requirement from contractors at contract tendering stage to include in their proposals the measures to mitigate adverse environmental impacts. The main mitigation measures proposed for the project include the following: Construction Phase Noise. Works performed strictly during normal weekday working hours. If there is a need in carrying out works with higher level of noise at night time the population of nearby regions of settlement is notified 10 days in advance. Noise barriers should be installed when it appears necessary and workers will be provided ear plugs as a protection measure to perform high-level noise works. Temporary air pollution (NOx, dust etc.) from construction works and increased traffic. Dust and traffic emissions will be minimized by good operation management and site supervision. Dist suppression measures (e.g. water sprinkling) will be applied during long dry periods; construction workers will be provided with anti-dust masks, when necessary. Pollution of soil and water at the construction site through oil or fuel spillages. Oil/fuel pollution will be minimized by good operation management and constant site supervision. Machinery will be checked daily for leaking oil and fuel. Washing of machinery at construction site will be prohibited. Waste oil will be collected in secures containers and stored at a designated secure area prior disposal. Soil and water pollution, injuries to contractors’ workers and other persons during works from improper storage of construction waste at the construction site. Construction waste to be stored in a secure, designated area prior to removal to a designated waste landfill site. Those wastes will be transported by company which holds license for such activities. Working areas will be temporarily out of bounds to non-works personnel. Injuries to contractors’ workers. Adherence to safe working procedures will be enforced and constantly monitored by the construction site management. Loss of or damage to archaeological artefacts. If any archaeological artefacts are found, work will be stop and the respective local authorities and experts informed. Increased risk of traffic accidents from increased traffic of heavy machinery. A traffic management plan will be developed for a construction site and followed. Such a management plan will include, among other issues, identification of optimal routs and time for construction materials delivery, transportation of construction waste to disposal sites etc. If necessary, traffic will be temporary diverted and safe speed limits will be established and enforced during the construction period. Increased soil erosion. Disturbed topsoil will be remediated and rapidly growing vegetation will be planted; disturbed paved areas will be re-paved. Pollution caused by poor disposal of waste materials. Scrap metal will be separated from the other construction waste for re-use. Middle size concrete scum without reinforcing rods may be used for filling deep gullies, hollows and other types of road fixing. Construction waste will be disposed of only at the designated landfill sites. Operation Phase Increased local air pollution. Priority should be given to new low-emission equipment and technologies. New equipment should meet the established Belarusian pollutants emission standards. This requirement should be included in bidding documentation. If necessary, additional pollution control equipment should be installed. Soil and ground water pollution and damage to human health from accidental spillage of fuel (diesel and fuel oil) and turbine and transformer oil from storage tanks and during shipment. Proper system to contain spills (e.g. dikes and portable booms) should be designed, along with emergency response equipment to collect spilled material. Appropriate emergency response procedures should be developed. Personnel should have adequate knowledge of how to act in case of oil/fuel spillages and leakages; and of the use and maintenance of emergency response equipment. Training and regular drills simulating emergencies should be performed. Noise. Workers operating the boiler houses can suffer from excessive noise from CHP machinery. Appropriate Occupation and Health protection actions will be taken. Risk of fires. Respective Belarusian fire protection standards and rules have to observed. Regular inspection of the boiler house by the respective fire protection authorities will be conducted. Emergency plan in case of fires should be developed. Workers should undergo regular training on how to act in case of fire. |