References (before 1995)

Tchorszhevsky [Tchorszhewsky], E. S, 1990. K sistematike iurskikh sil’katnykh Terebratulida (Brachiopoda) [On systematics of Jurassic sulcate Terebratulida]. Paleontologicheskii Sbornik 27:31– 39.

Tchorszhevsky [Tchorszhewsky], E. S., & Vladan Radulovic. 1984. [New data on Middle Jurassic terebratulids (Brachiopoda) of the Carpathians (USSR) and Carpatho-Balkanides (Yugoslavia)]. Annales Géologiques de la Péninsule Balkanique 48:129–184, pl. 1–5. In French.

Tchoumatchenko [Tchoumatchenko], P. V. 1983. Druganirhynchia nevelinae gen. & sp. n. (Brachiopoda, Rhynchonellidae) and the repartition of the Aalenian rhynchonellids in southwestern Bulgaria. Geologica Balcanica 13(6):69–78, pl. 1.

Tchoumatchenko [Tchoumatchenko], P. V. 1986. Tiaretithyris gen. n. (Dallinidae, Brachiopoda) du Jurassique superieur des environs de la ville de Tiaret (Algerie du Nord). Geologica Balcanica 16(6):113– 121, 1 pl.

Tchoumatchenko [Tchoumatchenko], P. V. 1987. Nouveaux taxa brachiopodes du Jurassique de l’Ouarsenis occidental (Algerie du Nord) [New brachiopod taxa from the Jurassic Sediments of Western Ouarsenis (North Algeria)]. Geologica Balcanica 17(1):47–62, 4 pl.

Tchoumatchenko [Tchoumatchenko], P. V. 1989. Brachiopodes des olistolithes jurassiques inférieurs et moyens inclus dans la Formation de Kotel-Jurassique moyen (Stara Planina orientale, Bulgarie). I. Rhynchonellida. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Palaeontology, Stratigraphy and Lithology 27:3–30, pl. 1–9.

Teichert, Curt. 1937. Ordovician and Silurian faunas from Arctic Canada. In Report of the 5th Thule Expedition 1921–1924, vol. 1, no. 5. Copenhagen. p. 1–169, 24 pl.

Teichert, Curt. 1958. Cold and deep-water coral banks. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 42:1064–1082.

Temple, J. T. 1965. Upper Ordovician brachiopods from Poland and Britain. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 10:379–427, 21 pl.

Temple, J. T. 1968. The Lower Llandovery (Silurian) brachiopods from Keisley, Westmoreland. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society 521:58 p., 10 pl.

Tenison-Woods, J. E. 1865. The Tertiary Rocks of South Australia. Part 3. Brachiopoda. Paper read before the Adelaide Philosophical Society, 5 Sept. 1865, and published in ‘The Register,’ a Daily Newspaper. The Register. Adelaide. 3 p.

Tenison-Woods, J. E. 1878. On some new marine Mollusca. Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria 14:55–65.

Tenjakova, R. G. 1980. Novyy rod Gorjanskya (bezzamkovye brakhiopody) iz srednego ordovika Tsentralnogo Kazakhstana [Gorjanskya, new genus (inarticulate brachiopod) from the Middle Ordovician deposits in central Kazakhstan]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1980(3):131–135, 3 fig.

Termier, Geneviève, & O. Monod. 1978. Inarticulate brachiopods from Cambro-Ordovician formations in the Western Taurus (Turkey). Geological Society of Turkey, Bulletin 21(2):145–152, 4 pl.

Termier, Geneviève, Henri Termier, A. F. de Lapparent, & Philippe Marin. 1974. Monographie du Permo-Carbonifère de Wardak (Afghanistan Central). Laboratoire de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Lyon, Documents, Hors Série 2:167 p., 25 fig., 38 pl.

Termier, Geneviève, Henri Termier, & Daniel Pajaud. 1949. Essai sur l’évolution des Spiriférides. Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique, Maroc 74:85–112.

Termier, Geneviève, Henri Termier, & Daniel Pajaud. 1966. Découverte d’une thécidée dans le Permien du Texas. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences 263:332–335.

Termier, Henri. 1936. Etudes géologiques sur le Maroc central et le moyen Atlas septentrional. Notes et Mémoires Service des Mines, Carte Géologique 33:1087–1421, pl. 1–23.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1948. Les phénomènes de spéciation dans le genre Halorella. Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique du Maroc 71:47–63.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1949. Essai sur l’évolution des spiriféridés. Division des Mines et de la Géologie, Service Géologique, Notes et Mémoires, Notes du Service Géologique (Tome 2), 74B:85– 112.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1949. Sur la classification des Brachiopodes. Société d’Histoire Naturelle de l’Afrique du Nord, Bulletin 40:51–63, fig. 1–20.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1950. Contribution à l’étude des faunes Paléozoïques de l’Algérie. Bulletin Service de la Carte Géologique de l’Algérie, Paléontologie 11:7–82, 17 pl.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1960. Les oldhaminidés du Cambodge. Société Géologique de France, Bulletin (series 7) 1:233–244.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1966. Comportement de certains brachiopodes collolophides d’après l’étude de leur kinésome. Société Géologique de France, Bulletin (series 7) 8:608–614.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1970. Les Productoides du Djoulfien (Permien supérieur) dans la Téthys orientale: essai sur l’agonie d’un phylum. Société Géologique du Nord, Annales 90(4):443– 461.

Termier, Henri, & Geneviève Termier. 1974. Les brachiopodes Cambriens de la Montagne Noire (Sud de la France). Géologie Méditerranéenne 1(2):35– 52, 8 fig., 7 pl.

Tessmann, Günter. 1921. Neue aethiopische Pterothysaniden. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 10:215–216.

Thayer, C. W. 1975. Size-frequency and population structure of brachiopods. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 17:139–148, 4 fig.

Thayer, C. W. 1977. Recruitment, growth, and mortality of a living articulate brachiopod, with implications for the interpretation of survivorship curves. Paleobiology 3:98–109.

Thayer, C. W. 1986. Are brachiopods better than bivalves? Mechanisms of turbidity tolerance in articulates and their interaction with feeding in articulates. Paleobiology 12:161–174.

Thayer, C. W. 1986. Respiration and the function of brachiopod punctae. Lethaia 19:23–31.

Thayer, C. W., & R. A. Allmon, 1990. Evolutionary refugia? Oligotrophic marine caves of Micronesia. Abstract. Fourth International Congress of Systematic and Evolutionary Biology. p. A323.

Thayer, C. W., & R. A. Allmon, 1991. Unpalatable thecideid brachiopods from Palau: Ecological and evolutionary implications. In D. I. MacKinnon, D. E. Lee, & J. D. Campbell, eds., Brachiopods through Time. Proceedings of the 2nd International Brachiopod Congress, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 5–9 February, 1990. Balkema. Rotterdam. p. 253–260.

Thayer, C. W., & H. M. Steele-Petrovic. 1975. Burrowing of the lingulid brachiopod Glottidia pyramidata: Its ecologic and paleoecologic significance. Lethaia 8:209–221.

Thomas, G. A. 1958. The Permian Orthotetacea of Western Australia. Australia Bureau of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics Bulletin 39:1– 115, 10 fig., pl. 1–22.

Thomas, G. A. 1971. Carboniferous and Early Permian brachiopods from Western and Northern Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Bulletin of Australian Geology & Geophysics 56:1–276, 86 fig., 31 pl.

Thomas, G. A. 1985. Myodelthyrium, a new Permian genus of the Syringothyridacea Frederiks 1926 (Brachiopoda). Royal Society of Victoria, Proceedings 97(3):163–165, 1 fig.

Thomas, H. D. 1937. Plicatoderbya, a new Permian brachiopod subgenus. Journal of Paleontology 11(1):13–18, pl. 3.

Thomas, Ivor. 1910. The British Carboniferous Orthotetinae. Great Britain Geological Survey Memoir 1(2):83–134, pl. 13.

Thomas, Ivor. 1914. The British Carboniferous Producti, part 1: genera Pustula and Overtonia. Great Britain Geological Survey, Memoir 1(4):197–366, pl. 17– 20.

Thomas, Ivor. 1919. Characters of the fauna. In E. Greenly, The Geology of Anglesey, vol. II. Memoir of the Geological Survey of England and Wales. p. 611–612.

Thomas, N. L. 1926. Brachiopods from the St. Clair Limestone, Arkansas. Journal of the Science Laboratories of Denison University 21:385–401, pl. 1.

Thompson, R. J., E. Ward, & M. C. Rhodes, 1992. In vivo observations of feeding in an articulate brachiopod. Abstract. Annual Marine Benthic Ecology Meeting, Newport, RI, March 1992.

Thompson, R. R., & W. B. Creath. 1966. Low molecular weight hydrocarbons in recent and fossil shells. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 30:1137–1152.

Thomson, J. A. 1908. Fossils from Kakanui. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings 40:98–103.

Thomson, J. A. 1913. Materials for the Palaeontology of New Zealand. Chapter 6; the Genotypes of Rastelligera, Psioidea, and Clavigera. Geological Survey of New Zealand, Palaeontological Bulletin 1:1–104.

Thomson, J. A. 1915. Brachiopod genera: The position of shells with magaselliform loops, and of shells with bouchardiform beak characters. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings 47:392– 403.

Thomson, J. A. 1915. Additions to the knowledge of the recent Brachiopoda of New Zealand. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings 47:404– 409.

Thomson, J. A. 1915. Brachiopod morphology: Types of folding in the Terebratulacea. Geological Magazine (Dec. 6) 2(608):71–76.

Thomson, J. A. 1915. The genera of recent and Tertiary rhynchonellids. Geological Magazine, VI 2(615):387–392.

Thomson, J. A. 1915. On a new genus and species of the Thecidiinae (Brachiopoda). Geological Magazine 2:461–464, fig. 1.

Thomson, J. A. 1916. Additions to the knowledge of the recent and Tertiary Brachiopoda of New Zealand and Australia. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings 48:41–47, 1 pl.

Thomson, J. A. 1916. The classification of the Terebratellidae. Geological Magazine (new series, decade VI) 3:496–505.

Thomson, J. A. 1917. Diastrophic and other considerations in classification and correlation, and the existence of minor diastrophic districts in the Notocene. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings 49:397–413.

Thomson, J. A. 1918. Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–14, Under the Leadership of Sir Douglas Mawson, D.Sc., B.E., Brachiopoda. Scientific Reports (series C) 4(3):1–76, 4 pl.

Thomson, J. A. 1918. The genus Bouchardia (Brachiopoda) and the age of the younger beds of Seymour Island, West Antarctic. Geological Magazine (Dec.6) 5(648):258–263.

Thomson, J. A. 1918. Brachiopoda. In J. Park, The geology of the Otamaru Districts, North Otago. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin (new series) 20:117–119.

Thomson, J. A. 1918. Brachiopoda. Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–1914. Scientific Reports (series C, Zoology and Botany) 4(3):76 p., 4 pl.

Thomson, J. A. 1919. Brachiopod nomenclature: Clavigera, Hectoria, Rastelligera, and Psioidea. Geological Magazine (new series) 6:411–413.

Thomson, J. A. 1920. The Notocene Geology of the Middle Waipara and Weka Pass District, North Canterbury, New Zealand. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings 52:322–415, pl. 16– 27.

Thomson, J. A. 1926. A revision of the subfamilies of the Terebratulidae (Brachiopoda). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (series 9) 18(107):523–530.

Thomson, J. A. 1927. Brachiopod morphology and genera (recent and Tertiary). New Zealand Board of Science and Art, Manual 7:338 p., 103 fig., 2 pl.

Thomson, M. R. A., & E. F. Owen. 1979. Lower Cretaceous Brachiopoda from South-Eastern Alexander Island. British Antarctic Survey, Bulletin 48:15–36.

Tiazheva [Tjazheva], A. P. 1960. Novye vidy Devonskikh retikuliariin Urala [New species of Devonian reticulariids from the Urals]. In B. P. Markowski, ed., Novye vidy drevnikh rastenii i bespozvonochnykh SSSR, Part 1 [New species of ancient plants and invertebrates of the USSR]. VSEGEI. Moscow. p. 406–409.

Tiazheva [Tjazheva], A. P. 1972. Novye devonskie atiratsei Urala [New Devonian athyraceids from the Urals]. In I. A. Zanina, ed., Novye Vidy Drevnikh Rastenii i Bespozvonochnykh SSSR, vol. 3. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Bashkirskii Filial Institut Geologii. Moscow. p. 205–207. See also Tjazheva, A. P.

Tien, C. C. 1938. Devonian Brachiopoda of Hunan. Palaeontologia Sinica (new series B) 4:1–192, 22 pl.

Tillman, C. G. 1967. Silicified rhynchonellid brachiopods from beds of New Scotland Age (early Devonian), Virginia and West Virginia. Journal of Paleontology 41(5):1247–1255.

Ting Pei-chen. 1965. The Permian and Triassic Brachiopods from Yangkang Valley, Tienchung District, Tsing-hai Province. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 13:260–290, 1 fig., 4 pl. In Chinese, English summary and plate explanations.

Titova, M. V. 1977. Pozdnemelovye Cancellothyrididae (Brachiopoda) Turkmenii [Late Cretaceous Cancellothyrididae (Brachiopoda) of Turkmenia]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1977(4):73–85, 2 pl.

Titova, M. V. 1980. Novye predstaviteli pozdnemelovykh baziliolid Turkmenii [New representatives of late Cretaceous basiliolids from Turkmenia]. In G. A. Stukalina, ed., Novye vidy drevnikh rastenii i bespozvonochnykh SSSR 5:77– 80, pl. 19–20.

Titova, M. V. 1986. Novye pozdnemelovye terebratulidy [New Late Cretaceous terebratulids]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1986(1):117–124.

Titova, M. V, 1992. Brakhiopody verkhnego mela Iuga SSSR [Brachiopods of the Upper Cretaceous of southern USSR]. In T. M. Okuneva, M. V. Titova, & T. A. Favorskaia, eds., Atlas Rukovodiashchikh Grup Fauny Mezozoia Iuga i Vostoka SSSR [Atlas of Mesozoic guide fossils of the south and the east of USSR]. Trudy Vsesoiuznyi Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Geologicheskii Institut (new series) 350:137–171, pl. 75–79.

Tjazheva [Tiazheva], A. P. 1972. Genus Irgislella. In A. P. Tjazheva & R. A. Zhavoronkova, Korally i Brakhiopody Pogranichnykh Otlozhenii Silura i Nizhnego Devona ZapadnogoSklonaIuzhnogoUrala [Corals and Brachiopods from Silurian-Lower Devonian Boundary Beds of the West Slope of the Southern Urals]. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Bashkirskii Filial, Institut Geologii. Moscow. p. 90–92. See also Tiazheva, A. P.

Tjazheva [Tiazheva], A. P., R. A. Zhavoronkova, & A. A. Garifullina. 1976. Korally i brakhiopody nizhnego Devona iuzhnogo Urala [Corals and brachiopods of the Lower Devonian of the Southern Urals]. Nauka. Moscow. 228 p., 51 pl. See also Tiazheva, A. P.

Tkachuck, R. D., G. D. Rosenberg, & W. W. Hughes. 1989. Utilization of free amino acids by mantle tissue in the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa and the bivalve mollusc, Chlamys hastata. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 92B:747–750.

Tokuyama, Akira. 1957. On some Upper Triassic spiriferinoids from the Sakawa Basin in Prov. Tosa, Japan. Palaeontological Society of Japan, Transactions and Proceedings (new series) 27:99– 106, pl. 17.

Tokuyama, Akira. 1957. On the Late Triassic rhynchonellids of Japan. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography 28(1–3):121–137, pl. 10–11.

Tokuyama, Akira. 1958. On some terebratuloids from the Middle Jurassic Naradani Formation in Shikoku, Japan. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography 29(1–3):1–10, 1 pl.

Tokuyama, Akira. 1958. On some terebratuloids from the Late Jurassic Torinosu Series in Shikoku, Japan. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography 29(1– 3):119–131, 1 pl.

von Toll, Edward. 1899. Die Paläozoischen Versteinerungen der Neusibirischen Insel Kotelny. Mémoires de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg (series 7) 37(3):1–56, pl. 1–2.

Tolmatchoff, I. P. 1924. Nizhnekamennougol’naia fauna kuznetskogo uglenosnogo basseina. Chast’ Pervaia [Faune du Calcaire Carbonifère du Bassin Houiller de Kousnetzk]. Materialy po Obshchei i Prikladnoi Geologii 25:1–320, pl. 1–5, 8–11, 18–20.

Tomlin, J. R. le B. 1930. Some preoccupied generic names II. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 19(1):22–24.

Tommasi, L. R. 1970. Sôbre o Braquiópode Bouchardia rosea (Mawe, 1823). Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico,São Paulo 19:33–42, 11 fig.

Tommasi, L. R. 1970. Observaçoes sôbre a fauna bêntico do complexo estuarino-lagunar de Cananéia. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, Sao Paulo 19(1):43–56.

Tong Zheng-xiang. 1978. [Brachiopoda. Carboniferous– Permian]. In [Paleontological Atlas of Southwestern China, Sichuan Province], vol. 2. Di zhi chu ban she. Beijing. p. 210–267, pl. 77–92. In Chinese.

Tong Zheng-xiang. 1982. Earliest Devonian brachiopod fauna from Ruoergai, Sichuan and Diebu, Gansu. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 21(3):330–338, 2 pl.

Tong Zheng-xiang, Chen Ji-rong, Qian Yong-zhen, Shi Yan, & Pan Yun-tang, 1990. Carboniferous and Early Permian stratigraphy and paleontology of Waluo District, Yaniban County, Sichuan Province, China. Chongqing Publishing House. Chongqing. 119 p., 8 pl.

Torley, K. 1934. Die Brachiopoden des Massenkalkes der Oberen Givet-Stufe von Bilveringsen bei Iserlohn. Abhandlungen Heraugsgegeben von der Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft 43(3):67–148, 9 pl.

Tortell, P. 1981. Notes on the reproductive biology of brachiopods from southern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 8:175–182.

Toula, Franz. 1875. Permo-Carbon Fossilien von der Westküste von Spitzbergen (Belsund, Cap Staratschin, Nordtjord). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaeontologie. p. 225– 264.

Towe, K. M. 1980. Preserved organic ultrastructure: an unreliable indicator for paleozoic amino acid biogeochemistry. In P. E. Hare, T. C. Hoering, & K. J. King, eds., Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids. John Wiley & Sons. New York. p. 65–74.

Towe,K.M.,&C.W.Harper,Jr. 1966.Pholidostrophiid brachiopods: origin of the nacreous lustre. Science 154:153–155.

Trautschold, H. 1876. Die Kalkbrueche von Mjatschkowa. Forsetzuzng. Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 13(5):325–374.

Trautschold, H. 1877. Ergänzung zur Fauna des russischen Jura. Russisch-Kaiserliche Mineralogische Gesellschaft zu St. Petersbourg, Verhandlungen (series 2) 12:79–113, 6 pl.

Trechmann, C. T. 1918. The Trias of New Zealand. Geological Society of London, Quarterly Journal 73:165–246, pl. 17–25.

Trechmann, C. T. 1923. The Jurassic rocks of New Zealand. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London 79(3):246–286 + 309–312, pl. 12–18.

Trueman, E. R., & T. M. Wong. 1987. The role of the coelom as a hydrostatic skeleton in lingulid brachiopods. Journal of Zoology 213(2):221–232, fig. 1–3.

Tsuchiya, M., & C. C. Emig. 1983. Macrobenthic assemblages in a habitat of the recent lingulid brachiopod Lingula anatina Lamarck at Asamushi, Northern Japan. Bulletin of the Marine Biological Station of Asamushi, Tohoku University 17(3):141– 157.

Tuchkov, I. I. 1956. Fauna morskogo reta severo-vostoka Azii [A marine fauna from northeastern Asia]. Ezhegodnik Vsesoiuznogo Paleontologicheskogo Obshchestva 15:177–220.

Tucker, E. V. 1968. The atrypidine brachiopod Dayia navicula (J. de C. Sowerby). Palaeontology 11(4):612–626, pl. 118–121.

Tuluweit, Klaus. 1965. Die Terebratulidae und Zeilleriidae (Brachiopoda) des mittleren Lias Nordwestdeutschlands. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paleontologie, Abhandlungen 122:50–126, 36 fig., pl. 7–11.

Tunnicliffe, Verena. 1981. High species diversity and abundance of the epibenthic community in an oxygen-deficient basin. Nature 294:354–356.

Tunnicliffe, Verena, & Kerry Wilson. 1988. Brachiopod populations: Distribution in fjords of British Columbia (Canada) and tolerance of low oxygen concentrations. Marine Ecology—Progress Series 47:117–128, 7 fig.

Tuross, Noreen, & L. W. Fisher. 1989. The proteins in the shell of Lingula. In R. E. Crick, ed., Origin, evolution and modern aspects of biomineralization in plants and animals. Plenum Press. New York. p. 325–328.

Tuross, Noreen, & P. E. Hare, 1990. A 40 kDa protein in modern and fossil Lingula. In The Sixth International Symposium on Biomineralization, Conference Abstracts. Kyoritsu Shuppan Co. Ltd. Tokyo, Japan. p. 76.

Twenhofel, W. H. 1914. The Anticosti Island faunas. Canada Geological Survey Museum Bulletin (Geological Series, no. 19) 3:1–39, pl. 1.

Twenhofel, W. H. 1928. Geology of Anticosti Island. Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 154:1–351, 60 pl.

Tyazheva, A. P. 1972. Novye devonskie atiratsei Urala [New Devonian athyraceids from the Urals]. In I. A. Zanina, ed., Novye Vidy Drevnikh Rastenii i Bespozvonochnykh SSSR, vol. 3. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Bashkirskii Filial Institut Geologii. Moscow. p. 205–207.

Ulrich, A. 1892. Palaeozoische Versteinerungen aus Bolivien. In G. Steinmann, ed., Beitrage zur Geologie und Palaontologie von Sudamerika, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie 8:1– 116.

Ulrich, Arnold. 1893. Palaeozoische Versteinerungen aus Bolivien. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie 8:5–116 p., 5 pl. Also published as: Part I of G. Steinmann, Beiträge zur Geologie und Paläeontologie von Südamerika. Stuttgart. 116 p., 5 pl.

Ulrich, E. O. 1886. Descriptions of new Silurian and Devonian fossils. American Paleontology, Contributions 1:3–35, 2 fig., 3 pl.

Ulrich, E. O. 1889. On Lingulasma, a new genus, and eight new species of Lingula and Trematis. American Geologist 3:377–391, 9 fig.

Ulrich, E. O., & G. A. Cooper. 1936. New Silurian brachiopods of the family Triplesiidae. Journal of Paleontology 10:331–347, pl. 48–50.

Ulrich, E. O., & G. A. Cooper. 1936. New genera and species of Ozarkian and Canadian brachiopods. Journal of Paleontology 10:616–631.

Ulrich, E. O., & G. A. Cooper. 1937. Cambrotrophia, new name for Eostrophia Ulrich and Cooper, not Dall. Journal of Paleontology 11(1):78.

Ulrich, E. O., & G. A. Cooper. 1938. Ozarkian and Canadian Brachiopoda. Geological Society of America Special Paper 13:viii + 323 p., 14 fig., 58 pl.

Ulrich, E. O., & G. A. Cooper. 1942. New genera of Ordovician brachiopods. Journal of Paleontology 16:620–626, pl. 90.

Upton, Charles. 1899. Some Cotteswold Brachiopoda. Proceedings of the Cotteswold Naturalists’ Field-Club 13(2):121–132, pl. 3.

Upton, Charles. 1905. Some Cotteswold Brachiopoda. Part II. Proceedings of the Cotteswold Naturalists’ Field-Club 15(2):82–92, pl. 3.

Urey, H. C. 1947. The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances. Journal of Chemical Society April:562–581.

Urey, H. C., H. A. Lowenstam, S. Epstein, & C. R. McKinney. 1951. Measurement of paleotemperatures and temperatures of the Upper Cretaceous of England, Denmark and the Southeastern United States. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 62:399–416.

Uribe, M. E., & A. P. Larrain, 1992. Estudios biológicos en el enteropneusto Ptychodera flava Eschscholtz, 1825, de Bahia Conceptión, Chile. I: Aspectos morphológicos y ecológicos. Gayana, Zoologia 56(3– 4):141–180.

Urosevic, D. 1988. [Upper Triassic of Vidlic Mountain]. Annales géologiques de la Péninsule Balkanique 52:347–352.

Ushatinskaya [Ushatinskaia], G. T. 1966. Brachiopods of the Isenian and Biotarian suites. Stratigraphy and fauna of the Silurian and Lower Devonian deposits of the Nura Synclinorium. Materials on the geology of central Kazakhstan, Moscow University Press 6:68–101.

Ushatinskaya [Ushatinskaia], G. T. 1977. Novye Siluriiskie Tsirtiidy Tsentral’nogo Kazakhstana [New Silurian Cyrtiacea from Central Kazakhstan]. In G. A. Stukalina, ed., Novye Vidy Drevnikh Rastenii i Bespozvonochnykh SSSR [New Species of Ancient Plants and Invertebrates of the USSR], vol. 4. Nauka. Moscow. p. 137–138.

Ushatinskaya [Ushatinskaia], G. T. 1977. Novyy rod khonetid (Brachiopoda) iz nizhnego devona Tsentral’nogo Kazakhstana [A new chonetid genus (Brachiopoda) from the Lower Devonian of central Kazakhstan]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1977(1):42–47, pl. 4.