Mosaxleobis molodinebi sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis programirebasTan dakavSirebiT

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grafiki 36.

rogorc vxedavT, yvelaze maRalia Jurnalistebis ndoba, maT moyvebian Cveulebrivi adamianebi, Semdeg eqspertebi, da bolo adgilze politikosebi arian. SesaZloa, gansxvavebuli tipis “mesenjerebi” gansxvavebuli gemovnebis mayureblebze orientirebul gadacemebSi iyvnen warmoCenili. Jurnalistebi respondentTa TvalSi ufro asocirebulia popularul, yvelasaTvis saintereso gadacemebTan, xolo Cveulebrivi adamianebi da eqspertebi – maRali mxatvruli da kulturuli donis programebTan. siaxlis moTxovnilebas ufro eqspertebi akmayofileben, xolo Zvelis da nacnobis momxreebi ufro metia maTSi, vinc politikosebs endoba. qveynis ganviTarebis kursis mtkice mimdevrebs SedarebiT metad sjeraT politikosebis da Jurnalistebis, meryevi poziciebi ukaviaT imaT, visac ufro eqspertebis sjera, xolo politikuri kursis oponentebi ufro ubralo adamianebs endobian.

ras unda miaqcion yuradReba Tavad Jurnalistebma, rom mayurebelTa meti ndoba moipovon? respondentTa didma nawilma maT mimarT maRali ndoba gamoavlina, Tumca kritikuli ganwyobebic sakmaod Zlieri aRmoCnda.
tabula 10.

teleJurnalistebi..…………	ar veTanxmebi	ufro ara, vidre ki	arc ki, arc ara	ufro ki, vidre ara	veTanxmebi
..cdiloben sazogadoebrivi azriT manipulirebas	20,1	16,0	25,5	23,7	14,8
..politikur dakveTas asruleben	14,4	14,2	28,2	26,5	16,7
..ar awvdian sazogadoebas sakmaris informacias	24,3	21,5	21,1	18,5	14,5
..sanaxaobriv mxares ufro aniWeben upiratesobas	13,9	15,9	22,5	22,8	24,9

a
m monacemebis mixedviT, yvelaze uaryofiT moments Jurnalistebis saqmianobaSi, respondentebis azriT, warmoadgens gadametebuli yuradReba gadacemebis sanaxaobrivi mxaris mimarT. es faqtori ufro mniSvnelovanic ki aRmoCnda, vidre varaudi, rom Jurnalistebi politikuri dakveTiT xelmZRvaneloben (45,8%). yvelaze naklebad respondentebi uCivian informaciis naklebobas. negatiuri Sefasebebi ufro xSiria maRali ganaTlebis mqone adamianebSi, qalaqis macxovrebelTa da mimdinare politikuri kursis kritikosTa Soris.

grafiki 37.

rogorc Cans, mayurebelTa ndobis mosapoveblad Jurnalistebma naklebad unda ifiqron gadacemebis formaze da ufro metad – maT Sinaarsze. is faqti, rom respondentebs sjeraT politikuri dakveTis arsebobisa, romelsac Jurnalistebi ,,undaT – Tu ar undaT“ asruleben, asaxavs im realobas, romelic Jurnalistebis kompetencias scildeba. samagierod aseve sakmaod gavrcelebuli Sexeduleba, romlis mixedviTac Jurnalistebi cdiloben sazogadoebrivi azriT manipulirebas (38,5 %), aucileblobiT ar ukavSirdeba gare politikuri zewolis arsebobas. amgvari manipulireba SesaZloa, nebiT Tu uneblied, TviT Jurnalistebis mier iyos inicirebuli.

2.5.4. socialur-demografiuli jgufebis reprezentacia
sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis funqciebSi Sedis rogorc mTlianad sazogadoebis, aseve calkeuli sazogadoebrivi jgufebis reprezentacia. es pirvel rigSi exeba im daucvel jgufebs, romelTa saWiroebebi SesaZloa ignorirebuli aRmoCndes komerciuli, maRal reitingebze orientirebuli arxebis mier. jgufis daucvelobas SesaZloa ganapirobebdes misi patara zoma, politikuri gansxvavebuloba an dabali msyidvelobiTi unari.
Semdeg cxrilSi mocemulia pasuxebis ganawileba SekiTxvaze: `ramdenad sruladaa asaxuli qarTul telearxebze CamoTvlili jgufebis problemebi~.
tabula 11.

jgufebi	sasurvelia informaciis Semcireba	informacia imdenia, ramdenic saWiroa	sasurvelia meti informacia
bavSvebi	1,2	39,4	59,4
axalgazrdebi	1,0	31,3	67,7
pensionerebi	4,4	45,4	50,2
invalidebi	6,2	44,6	49,2
eTnikuri umciresobebi	15,1	58,7	26,2
religiuri umciresobebi	25,2	51,5	23,3
soflis mosaxleoba	5,3	32,7	61,9

mosaxleobis amave jgufebTan dakavSirebiT daisva meore SekiTxvac: `ramdenad xSirad unda Suqdebodes CamoTvlili jgufebis problemebi st-ze?

tabula 12.

jgufebi	iSviaTad	saSualo sixSiriT	xSirad
bavSvebi	0,6	36,3	63,0
axalgazrdebi	0,6	29,5	69,9
pensionerebi	3,7	47,0	49,3
invalidebi	5,0	50,4	44,6
eTnikuri umciresobebi	16,8	57,7	25,5
religiuri umciresobebi	27,1	49,8	23,1
soflis mosaxleoba	4,4	36,1	59,5

rogorc monacemebi uCvenebs, arsebobs yvela CamoTvlili jgufis problemebze (religiuri umciresobebis garda) informaciis gazrdis moTxovna. informaciis gazrdis moTxovna, rogorc Cans, pirvel rigSi problemebs exeba, da ara ama Tu im jgufis ekranze gamoCenis sixSires. mag. yvelaze maRali moTxovna ukavSirdeba axalgazrdobis problemebs, romelic isedac kargadaa warmodgenili qarTul teleekranze. samagierod TiTqmis ar aris iseTi gadacemebi, romlebic axalgazrdebis cxovrebiseul problemebs gaaSuqebda.

axalgazrdebi, soflis mosaxleoba, bavSvebi, pensionerebi da invalidebi - es is socialuri jgufebia, romelTa problemebis ufro metad reprezentacias respondentebi ar upirispirdebian. Sesabamisad, maTTan dakavSirebiT informaciis Semcirebas bevri momxre ar gamouCnda, xolo mis gazrdas ara mxolod am jgufebis warmomadgenlebi moiTxovdnen.
gansxvavebuli mdgomareobaa eTnikur da religiur umciresobebTan dakavSirebiT. mosaxleobis es jgufi politikurad datvirTuli konfliqtebis mxareebs warmoadgenen. Sesabamisad, marTalia, es jgufebi isedac iSviaTad Canan teleekranze, magram maTi problemebis Sesaxeb informaciis gazrdas respondentTa SedarebiT naklebi raodenoba miemxro. respondentebis sagrZnobi nawili aseve isurvebda am jgufebis Sesaxeb informaciis Semcirebas. rogorc Cans, gansakuTrebiT mwvaved dgas religiuri umciresobebis sakiTxi, respondentebi am jgufebis Sesaxeb informaciis Semcirebas emxrobian.
amgvari Sefasebebi eTnikur da religiur umciresobebTan dakavSirebiT rTul mdgomareobaSi ayeneben st-s, romelic am jgufebsac iseve unda emsaxurebodes, rogorc yvela danarCens.

2.6. enobrivi sainformacio garemo da mayureblis preferenciebi
rogorc monacemebis analizma cxadyo, demografiuli faqtorebis umravlesoba garkveul gavlenas axdens mayurebelTa Sexedulebebze, gemovnebaze da prioritetebze. Tumca, es gansxvavebebi ufro tendenciebis xasiaTs atarebs da ar yofs mosaxleobas radikalurad gansxvavebul jgufebad. rogorc Cans, gacilebiT ufro Zlieri gavlena aqvs sainformacio garemos, romelSiac imyofeba respondenti. sainformacio garemo ki, pirvel rigSi enobriv aspeqts ukavSirdeba. respondetis mier qarTulis, rusulisa da sxva enebis codna-arcodna xSir SemTxvevebSi cvlis mis sainformacio moTxovnilebebs, Tanac arsebiTad.
vinaidan st-s gadacemaTa nawili gankuTvnilia qarTuli enis armcodne moqalaqeTa moTxovnebis dakmayofilebaze, am jgufis saprogramo prioritetebi calke unda iyos gaanalizebuli.
qarTuli enis armcodne respondentebma (pasuxebi : qarTuli vici “cudad” an « ar vici ») Seadgines gamokiTxulTa 7,1 %. maTi umravlesoba cxovrobs soflad. gamokiTxulTa am kategorias TiTqmis ar ainteresebs gadacemebi saqarTvelos istoriisa da regionebis Sesaxeb, urCevnia msoflios sxva qveynebis Sesaxeb informaciis yureba. maTSi gansakuTrebiT Zlieria Zveli, nacnobi gadacemebis moTxovna. gamokiTxulTa didi umravlesoba emxroba st-s mier demokratiuli qveynebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli kulturuli da samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis popularizacias, aseve popularuli, bevri mayureblisTvis saintereso gadacemebis translirebas. SemecnebiTi da maRali mxatvruli Rirebulebis mqone gadacemebi maT naklebad ainteresebT. sainformacio gadacemebi undaT xSirad, Tanac ainteresebT xelisuflebis saqmianobis da opoziciis amsaxveli informacia, gansakuTrebiT akliaT samarTlebrivi xasiaTis informacia. amasTan isini praqtikulad ar endobian politikosebs. mayurebelTa es kategoria praqtikulad ar aris informirebuli st-ze mimdinare reformebis Sesaxeb.

danarTi
regionebi
am TavSi moyvanilia yvelaze mniSvnelovani gadaxrebi saSualo maCveneblebidan regionebis mixedviT.

saqarTvelos yvela regionSi respondentTa raodenoba mosaxleobis proporciulad iyo SerCeuli; gamonaklisi Seadgines samcxe-javaxeTma da qvemo qarTlma, sadac, eTnikuri umciresobebis kompaqturad dasaxlebis punqtebSi, gamokiTxuli iyo 250-250 respondenti TiToeul regionSi. am nabijis mizani iyo statistikurad ufro sando informaciis miReba eTnikuri umciresobebis saxlobis regionebidan. monacemebi moyvanilia SedarebiT cxrilebSi.

SeniSvna. SedarebiT cxrilebSi (qvemo qarTli, samcxe-javaxeTi, mTlianad saqarTvelo), grafikebsa da maTdami komentarebSi maCveneblebi asaxavs sakuTriv azerbaijaneli da somexi respondentebis monacemebs. sxva tipis cxrilebsa da teqstSi `qvemo qarTli~ da `samcxe-javaxeTi~ gulisxmobs regionebs mTlianad, sxva erebis warmomadgenlebis pasuxebis gaTvaliswinebiT. amitom, zog SemTxvevaSi, maCveneblebi gansxvavdeba.

qarTuli enis floba

	Tavisuflad	kargad	saSualod	cudad	Aar vflob
qvemo qarTli	4.9	4.2	11.7	36.8	42.4
samcxe javaxeTi	12.2	10.4	21.1	24.1	32.2
mTlianad saqarTvelo	82.8	8.2	2.0	3.4	3.6

Sedegebi cxadia: orive regionSi, gansakuTrebiT ki qvemo qarTlSi, mosaxleobis didi umravlesoba ar flobs qarTuls, an flobs cudad.

rusuli enis floba

	Tavisuflad	kargad	saSualod	cudad	Aar vflob
qvemo qarTli	3.6	29.6	22.5	28.1	16.1
samcxe javaxeTi	10.3	50.4	30.2	6.1	3.1
mTlianad saqarTvelo	24.4	26.5	29.5	9.8	10.3

aqac Sedegi gakvirvebas ar iwvevs: somexi mosaxleoba SedarebiT kargad flobs rusuls, rac gansazRvravs rusuli telearxebisadmi met interess (ix. qvemoT).

ojaxis saSualo Tviuri Semosavali

	-150	150-400	400-800	800-1200
qvemo qarTli	75.5	24.0	0.3	0.2
samcxe javaxeTi	47.0	44.2	6.5	1.7
mTlianad saqarTvelo	54.7	35.1	7.9	2.4

ojaxis ekonomikuri mdgomareobis TviTSefaseba

	Zalian dabali	dabali	saSualo	saSualoze maRali	maRali
qvemo qarTli	34.9	41.8	22.8	0.4	0.2
samcxe javaxeTi	2.7	17.0	66.9	12.5	0.6
mTlianad saqarTvelo	19.1	35.8	42.3	2.4	0.4

Sedegebi sayuradReboa: qvemo qarTli sagrZnoblad Camouvardeba mTlianad saqarTvelos saSualo maCvenebels rogorc realuri SemosavliT, ise ekonomikuri mdgomareobis TviTSefasebiT, xolo samcxe javaxeTi – aRemateba.

telemauwyeblobisa da telearxebis misawvdomoba

	SeferxebiT	met-naklebad mudmivad	mudmivad
qvemo qarTli	21.2	59.7	19.2
samcxe javaxeTi	2.0	10.3	87.7
mTlianad saqarTvelo	5.2	14.8	80.0

danarCen regionebSi yvelaze mniSvnelovani gadaxrebi saSualo maCveneblisagan aseTia:

yvelaze arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaa qvemo qarTlSi, sadac respondentTa mxolod 27.1% pasuxobs `mudmivad~ (60.3% - `met-naklebad mudmivad~). kaxeTis respondentTa 22,4% pasuxobs `SeferxebebiT~. garda amisa, kaxeTi mkveTrad gamoirCeva saerTo fonze Semdegi maCvenebliT: respondentTa 97,3% miuTiTebs, rom energia miewodebaT Ramis saaTebSi.

yurebis dro. regionebSi gamoirCva kaxeTi da qvemo qarTli, sadac Ramis saaTebSi yurebis maCveneblebia, Sesabamisad, 28,8% da 15.3%, rac, eWvgareSea, el. energiis miwodebis grafikiT unda iyos gansazRvruli
televizorTan gatarebuli dro (samuSao saaTebSi) regionebidan gamoirCeva raWa – 5.1, aWara – 4,8), xolo arasamuSao dReebSi – 5.1-s (regionebi: aWara – 6.5; raWa – 5.8).

	samuSao dReebSi	arasamuSao dReebSi
qvemo qarTli	3.6	4.0
samcxe javaxeTi	4.2	4.7
mTlianad saqarTvelo	4.2	5.1

yurebadoba arxebis mixedviT

1 arxi (st)	xSirad	zogjer	iSviaTad	ar vuyureb	ver viReb
qvemo qarTli	12.8	9.8	20.8	31.5	25.2
samcxe javaxeTi	15.1	9.7	9.9	11.6	53.6
mTlianad saqarTvelo	13,7	15,5	36,5	21.5	12,8

rusTavi 2	xSirad	zogjer	iSviaTad	ar vuyureb	ver viReb
qvemo qarTli	13.1	13.9	13.4	31.2	28.3
samcxe javaxeTi	10.1	11.5	7.6	5.7	65.0
mTlianad saqarTvelo	62,8	16,6	9,6	4,6	6,4

imedi	xSirad	zogjer	iSviaTad	ar vuyureb	ver viReb
qvemo qarTli	23.6	17.2	19.3	27.5	12.3
samcxe javaxeTi	30.1	26.1	5.4	6.6	31.9
mTlianad saqarTvelo	77.2	8.3	4.5	3.5	6.5

rusuli arxebi	xSirad	zogjer	iSviaTad	ar vuyureb	ver viReb
qvemo qarTli	14.5	4.3	1.6	2.6	76.9
samcxe javaxeTi	44.3	10.7	3.0	2.7	39.2
mTlianad saqarTvelo	15.5	7.2	5.5	5.6	66.2

mezobeli qveynebis arxebi	xSirad	zogjer	iSviaTad	ar vuyureb	ver viReb
qvemo qarTli	76.7	7.1	1.2	3.0	12.0
samcxe javaxeTi	62.1	6.4	5.1	5.5	20.9
mTlianad saqarTvelo	7.1	0.9	1.6	13.3	77.1

regionebi
st-s yvelaze xSirad uyureben raWaSi (37.4%), aWaraSi (22,1%) da samegreloSi (19.4%), pasuxis `ar vuyureb~ yvelaze maRali maCveneblebia qvemo qarTlSi (33,5%) da TbilisSi (30.4%).
rusTavi 2 naklebad popularulia samcxe javaxeTSi (pasuxis: `xSirad~ maCvenebelia 15.2%) da qvemo qarTlSi (24.8%), rac gasagebia am regionebis eTnikuri Semadgenlobis gaTvaliswinebiT. qarTuli regionebidan rusTavi 2-s yvelaze naklebad xSirad uyureben kaxeTSi (38,3%) da guriaSi (39,1%) yvelaze xSirad ki samegreloSi (88.8%) da aWaraSi (83.1).
`imedi~. gansakuTrbuli gadaxrebi araa garda isev samcxe-javaxeTisa da qvemo qarTlisa. sainteresoa, rom `imedi~ ver faravs samcxe-javaxeTis 27,5%-s.
sxva arxebis maCveneblebi regionebis mixedviT ar mogvyavs dabali dafarvis gamo.

mauwyeblobis ena. 82.4% upiratesobas aniWebs qarTuls, 5.6% – rusuls, 4.5% – azerbaijanuls, 1.3% – somxurs. 6.1%-isaTvis mauwyeblobis enas mniSvneloba ar aqvs.

regionebis mixedviT gansakuTrbuli gadaxrebi araa, Tu ar CavTvliT samcxe-javaxeTsa da qvemo qarTls, sadac maRali moTxovnilebaa, Sesabamisad, somxur da azerbaijanul, agreTve rusul enaze (samcxe-javaxeTSi).

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