roin WikaZe
besik jorbenaZis Tvalsazrisi gazmnavebis
sistemebis Sesaxeb da zmnuri sityvawarmoebis semantikuri diferenciacia
mxatvrul teqstSi
besik jorbenaZem misTvis Cveuli siRrmiseuli kvlevis safuZvelze Camoayaliba nasaxelar zmnaTa warmoebis sistemebi semantikur diferenciaciasTan mimarTebaSi, rac gaaanaliza Tavis monografiul SromebSi: `zmnis gvaris formaTa warmoebisa da funqciis sakiTxebi qarTulSi~ (1975w.), `qarTuli zmnis formobrivi da funqciuri analizis principebi~ (1980w.), `zmnis xmovanprefiqsuli warmoeba qarTulSi~ (1983w.), `qarTuli enis fakultaturi gramatikis sakiTxebi~ (1985w.), `qarTuli enis morfologia~ (programa-proeqti) (1995w.), `qarTvelur enaTa dialeqtebi~ (1995w.)...
aRniSnul SromebSi ganxilulia moqmedebiTi da vnebiTi gvaris nasaxelar zmnaTa warmoebis yalibebi da miTiTebulia, rom `specifikuri yalibebi zmnur sityvaTwarmoebas ara aqvs _ iyenebs formawarmoebis yalibebs~; amasTanave naCvenebia maTi semantikuri diferenciacia; kerZod, rogorc moqmedebiTi, ise vnebiTi gvaris nasaxelari zmnebi ori modeliT iwarmoeba: a+saxelis fuZe+sufiqsi modeliT nawarmoeb moqmedebiTi gvaris zmnebs sufiqsiani vnebiTebi Seesabameba da iseve, rogorc saTanado moqmedebiTi, isinic gardaqceviTobas gamoxataven; xolo saxelis fuZe+sufiqsi modeliT nawarmoeb moqmedebiTi gvaris zmnebs Seesatyviseba prefiqsiani vnebiTebi, romlebic instrumentativis funqciis matarebelni arian.
Tanamedrove qarTulSi zmnuri sityvawarmoebis Taviseburebebis saanalizod viyenebT giorgi leoniZis mxatvrul teqstebs, vinaidan `zmnuri warmoeba marTlac xvavrielad iCens Tavs g. leoniZiseul sityvaTSemoqmedebaSi~ (b. jornebaZe).
gardaqceviTobis semantika
giorgi leoniZis nawarmoebTa teqstebSi mwerliseuli warmoebis moqmedebiTi gvaris nasaxelar zmnebze dakvirvebam gviCvena, rom gardaqceviTobas gamoxatavs ara mxolod samwevriani modeli, romelic awmyos fuZes eyrdnoba _ a-/i-/u-+saxelis fuZe+-eb Temis niSani: a-liTon-eb-s, mo-i-galavn-eb-s, ga-u-yamir-eb-s..., aramed ufro xSirad namyo ZiriTadis fuZeze dayrdnobili orwevriani modeli _ a-/i-/u-+saxelis fuZe: gamo-a-mtevn-a, da-g-i-namqer-a, da-u-xavs-a...
Sesabamisad, gardaqceviTobis gamomxatvelia sufiqsiani vnebiTi gvaris nasaxelari zmnebi: da-TavTav-d-eb-a, gadmo-mze-v-d-eb-a, da-muguzl-d-eba...
da-tramal-d-a, Ca-spilenZ-d-nen, da-kamar-av-d-a...
instrumentativis semantika
giorgi leoniZis mxatvrul teqstebSi instrumentativis gamosaxatavad moqmedebiTi gvaris zmnaTa awmyos fuZis sawarmoeblad gamoyenebulia modeli _ saxelis fuZe+-av Temis niSani: h-rkal-av-s, kbil-av-s, amo-leqs-av-s..., namyo ZiriTadSi ki zmniswini+saxelis fuZe: da-Tasm-a, da-nestr-a, da-cecxl-a...
Sesabamisad instrumentativis gamomxatvelia prefiqsiani vnebiTi gvaris nasaxelari zmnebi: i-farC-eb-a, i-lampr-eb-a, ga-i-mtkavl-eb-a, da-i-warRvn-eb-a... da-i-WiSkr-a, amo-i-xavs-a, a-i-vercxl-a... da-e-mklav-eb-a, mo-e-wvim-eb-a, Se-e-futkr-eb-a... Se-e-Zma-v-a, da-e-zvarak-a, Se-e-CuqurTm-a...
aSkarad ikveTeba, rom nasaxelar zmnaTa warmoebisas zmniswini iTavsebs sityvaTwarmoebis funqcias.
rac Seexeba saSuali gvaris nasaxelar zmnebs, isini TiTqmis erTdroulad iTavseben gardaqceviTobisa da instrumentativis semantikas da mxatvruli Sedarebis niuansebsac Seicaven. sawarmoeblad ki gamoyenebulia orwevriani modeli: saxelis fuZe+-ob Temis niSani: cas Sevxede, minanqarobs; aq yvela biWi sazandrobs; mainc simReriT avTandilobdi; marTlac vefxvobda;
besik jornebaZis marTebuli dakvirvebiT nasaxelar zmnebs gvaris formebi erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad ewarmoeba; am debulebas mxars uWers giorgi leoniZis enaSi dadasturebuli masala, sadac mravlad gvxvdeba iseTi nasaxelari zmnebi, romlebsac sapirispiro gvaris formebi ar eZebnebaT da, faqtobrivad, pirvelad zmnaTa konversiuli urTierTmimarTebis wesi maTze ar vrceldeba; aseve urTierTisagan damoukideblad iwarmoeba nasaxelar zmnaTa mwkrivis formebi;
ufro metic, saxelzmnaTa umravlesoba uSualod saxelisganaa nawarmoebi: mofatmaneba, dawamwameba, moneqtareba... gadalerwmuli, monargizuli, danukrebuli...
swored am masalam mogvca safuZveli `nasaxelari zmnis~ paralelurad Semogvetana termini `nasaxelari saxelzmna~: `nasaxelari sawyisi~ da `nasaxelari mimReoba~.
amrigad, arazmnuri Zirebisagan zmnuri da saxelzmnuri formebis warmoebisas sayrden fuZed aRebulia saxeli; aRniSnuli formebi erTmaneTisagan sruliad damoukideblad iwarmoeba da semantikurad gardaqceviTobas an instrumentativs gamoxataven. |