The Rufford Foundation Final Report

səhifə	3/4
tarix	24.06.2016
ölçüsü	1.24 Mb.

1 2 3 4

CCD: Chank Collection for Decoration purpose; SECU: Seaweed Culture; SECO: Seaweed Collection; OS: Owning a shop; TA: Tailoring; LF: Lobster fattening; AU: Auto driver; NAL: No Alternate Livelihoods.

2. Data on the availability of marine ornamental fishes and invertebrates.
Nearly 82 species of coral reef fishes under five orders (Perciformes, Siluriformes, Beryciformes, Tetraodontiformes and Scorpaeniformes) and 18 species of invertebrates (six sea anemones, six shrimps, three species of starfishes, one hermit crab, one sabellid worm and one nudibranch) were actively involved in the marine ornamental trade. The detailed information on the list of species is mentioned below in the table.
List of marine ornamental fishes and invertebrates

Family name	Groups	Common name	Species name
Pomacentridae	Clown fish	Sebae clown	Amphiprion sebae Bleeker
	Clown fish	Clark's clown	A. clarkii Bennett
	Damsels & Sergeant	Three spot	Dascyllus trimaculatus Ruppell
		Blue damsel	Pomacentrus caeruleus Quoy & Gaimard
		Yellow tail	Neopomacentrus nemurus Bleeker
		Black damsel	D. reticulatus Richardon
		Cloudy damsel	D. carneus Fischer
		Scissor tail damsel	Neopomacentrus sp. Allen
		Green damsel	Chromis viridis Cuvier
		Sergeant major	Abudefduf bengalensis Bloch
		Indo-Pacific sergeant	vaigiensis Quoy & Gaimard
Pomacanthidae	Angels	Smoke angel	Apolemichthys xanthurus Bennett
		Midnight angel	Centropyge multispinis Playfair
		Koran angel	Pomacanthus semicirculatus Cuvier
		Blue ring angel	P. annularis Bloch
		Emperor angel	P. imperator Bloch
Chaetodontidae	Butterfly	Pakistan butterfly	Chaetodon collare Bloch
		Eight band butterfly	C. octofasciatus Bloch
		Thread fin butterfly	C. auriga Forsskal
		Rainbow butterfly	C. trifasciatus Park
		Vagabond butterfly	vagabundus Linnaeus
		Indian vagabond	C. decussatus Cuvier
		Chevron butterfly	C. trifascialis Quoy & Gaimard
		Lined Butterfly	C. lineolatus Cuvier
		Blue blotch butterfly	C. plebius Cuvier
		Melon butterfily	C. melanotus Bloch & Schneider
		Banner fish	Heniochus acuminatus Linnaeus
Balistidae	Trigger	Red toothed trigger	Odonus niger Ruppell
		Half-moon trigger	Sufflamen chrysopterum Bloch & Scheider
		Titan trigger	Balistoides viridescens Bloch & Schneider
		Brown trigger	S. fraenatum Latreille
		Orange lined trigger	Balistapus undulatus Park
Scorpaenidae	Lion fish	Short fin lionfish	Dendrochirus brachypterus Cuvier
		Plain tail lionfish	Pterois russelii Bennett
		Lionfish	Pterois volitans Linnaeus
Labridae	Wrasse	Cleaner wrasse	Labroides dimidiatus Valenciennes
		Six bar wrasse	Thalassoma Hardwicke Bennett
		Moon wrasse	T. lunare Linnaeus
		Queen wrasse	Coris Formosa Bennett
		Razor fish	Iniistius bimaculatus Ruppell
		Jewel wrasse	Macropharhyngodon meleagrides Valenciennes
		Jansen's wrasse	T. jansenii Bleeker
		Rainbow wrasse	Coris dorsomacula Fowler
		Bird wrasse	Gomphosus caeruleus Lacepede
		Common wrasse	Halichoeres nigriscens Bloch & Schneider
		Bicolor wrasse	Labroides sp. Bleeker
		Banana wrasse	H. chrysus Randall
		Triple tail wrasse	Cheilinus trilobatus Lacepede
		Hump head wrasse	C. undulatus Ruppell
		Spotted wrasse	Anampses lineatus Randall
		Checker board wrasse	H. hortunalus Lacepede
		Hog fish	Bodianus neili F. Day
Cirrhitidae	Hawk fish	Red Hawk fish	Cirrithichthys bleekeri Day
Apogonidae	Cardinal	Red cardinal	Ostorhynchus fleurieu Lacepede
Apogonidae	Cardinal	Seven Striped cardinal	O. taeniophorus Regan
Acanthuridae	Tang	Convict tang	Acanthurus triostegus Linnaeus
		Black tang	Zebrasoma sp.
		Sail fin tang	Z. veliferum Bloch
		Brown surgeon	Acanthurus nigrofuscus Forsskal
Pseudochromatidae	Dotty back	Dotty back	Pseudochromis dilectus Lubbock
Tetraodontidae	Puffer	Short nose puffer	Canthigaster solandri Richardson
Tetraodontidae	Puffer	White spotted puffer	Arothrodon hispidus Linnaeus
Zanclidae	Moorish	Moorish idol	Zanclus cornutus Linnaeus
Gobiidae	Goby fish	Red line goby	Trypauchen vagina Bloch and Schneider
		Neon goby	Oxyurichthys sp.
		Sand goby	Amblyeleotris sp.
		Two lined goby	Valenciennea helsdingenii Bleeker
Lutjanidae	Snapper	Red snapper	Lutjanus vitta Quoy & Gaimard
Lutjanidae	Snapper	Blue striped snapper	L. bengalensis Bloch
Blennidae	Blenny	Bicolor blenny	Ecsenius sp.
Blennidae	Blenny	Common blenny	Petroscirtes mitratus Ruppell
Serranidae	Anthias	Marcia anthias	Pseudanthias marcia Randall and Hoover
	Grouper	Tomato hind	Cephalopholis sonnerati Valenciennes
		Blue blotch grouper	C. argus Schneider
		Bluelined grouper	C. Formosa Shaw
Carangidae	Trevally	Golden trevally	Gnathanodon speciosus Forsskal
Haemulidae	Sweet lips	Yellow banded sweet lips	Plectorhynchus lineatus Linnaeus
Haemulidae	Sweet lips	Oriental Sweet lips	P. vittatus Linnaeus
Holocentridae	Squirrel	Red Squirrel	Sargocentron rubrum Forsskal
Ephippidae	Batfish	Long fin batfish	Platax teira Forsskal
Ephippidae	Batfish	Orbicular Batfish	P. orbicularis Forsskal
Plotosidae	Catfish	Striped catfish	Plotosus lineatus Thunberg

List of ornamental invertebrates

Group	Family	Common name	Species name
Sea anemone	Stichodacylidae	Carpet anemone	Stichodactyla haddoni Saville-Kent
		Tentacle anemone	Heteractis magnifica Quoy & Gaimard
		Beaded anemone	Heteractis crispa Quoy & Gaimard
	Actiniidae	Bubble tip anemone	Entacmaea quadricolor Ruppell & Leucart
	Phymanthidae	Carrot anemone	Phymanthus sp.
	Cerianthidae	Tube anemone	Cerianthus sp.
Shrimps	Rhynchocinetidae	Camel shrimp	Rhynchocinetes durbanensis Gordon
	Palaemonidae	Anemone shrimp	Periclimenes brevicarpalis Schenkel
		Anemone shrimp	Ancylomenes magnificus Bruce
		Cleaning partner shrimp	Urocaridella cyrtorhynchus Fujino & Miyake
	Stenopodidae	Boxer shrimp	Stenopus hispidus Olivier
	Hippolytidae	Cleaner shrimp	Lysmata amboinensis De Man
	Hippolytidae	Blood shrimp	L. debelius Bruce
Star	Ophidiasteridae	Finger star	Ophidiaster confertus Clark
	Oreasteridae	Crimson knobbed starfish	Protoreaster linckii Blainville
	Oreasteridae	Horned star	Pentaceraster tuberculatus Muller & Troschel
Crab		Hermit crab	Dardanus sp.
Tube worm	Sabellidae	Worm	Sabellstarte spectabilis Grube
Sea slug	Phyllidiidae	Nudibranch	Phyllidia varicosa Lamarck

MARINE ORNAMENTAL FISHES AND INVERTEBRATES

Cheilinus trilobatus, 2. Ostorhynchus taeniophorus, 3. Ostorhynchus sp., 4. Pseudanthias Marcia, 5. Canthigaster solandri, 6. Chaetodon auriga, 7. C. trifasciatus, 8. C. decussatus, 9. C. plebius, 10. Heniochus acuminatus, 11. Pomacanthus imperator, 12. P. semicirculatus, 13.
Dendrochirus brachypterus, 14. Platax orbicularis, 15. Zebrasoma veliferum

Rhynchocinetes durbanensis, b. Periclimenes brevicarpalis, c. Ancylomenes magnificus, d. Lysmata debelius, e. L. amboinensis

Protoreaster nodosus; b. P. linckii, c. Linckia multifora

Group of marine ornamental fishes and invertebrates ready for supply

Blue damsel, b. Smoke angel, c. Sebae clown, d. Fire shrimp, e. Carpet anemones, f. Beaded anemones, g. Finger star, h. Tube worms

3. Market discrepancies of marine ornamental trade clearly showed that the fishermen are always receiving less money for the fish they catch compared to the purveyors and retail shop owners.

Common name	Species name	Landing price	Whole sale price	Retailer price
Sebae clown	Amphiprion sebae Bleeker	15/25	50/80	120/150
Clark's clown	A. clarkii Bennett	20/40	60/80	150/200
Three spot	Dascyllus trimaculatus Ruppell	10/20	75/100	120/150
Blue damsel	Pomacentrus caeruleus Quoy & Gaimard	15/25	50/70	80/100
Yellow tail	Neopomacentrus nemurus Bleeker	15/25	50/70	80/100
Black damsel	D. reticulatus Richardon	25/40	60/100	100/120
Cloudy damsel	D. carneus Fischer	25/40	80/100	120/150
Scissor tail damsel	Neopomacentrus sp. Allen	25	40	80
Green damsel	Chromis viridis Cuvier	25	50	75
Sergeant major	Abudefduf bengalensis Bloch	10	30	80
Indo-Pacific sergeant	vaigiensis Quoy & Gaimard	10	30	80
Smoke angel	Apolemichthys xanthurus Bennett	40	100	150
Midnight angel	Centropyge multispinis Playfair	50	150	250
Koran angel	Pomacanthus semicirculatus Cuvier	600	1500	2500
Blue ring angel	P. annularis Bloch	800	2000	3000
Emperor angel	P. imperator Bloch	1000	2200	3500
Pakistan butterfly	Chaetodon collare Bloch	35	100	150
Eight band butterfly	C. octofasciatus Bloch	10	30	150
Thread fin butterfly	C. auriga Forsskal	40	120	400
Rainbow butterfly	C. trifasciatus Park	50	150	350
Vagabond butterfly	vagabundus Linnaeus	60	250	600
Indian vagabond	C. decussatus Cuvier	60	250	600
Chevron butterfly	C. trifascialis Quoy & Gaimard	80	400	1000
Lined Butterfly	C. lineolatus Cuvier	80	200	400
Blue blotch butterfly	C. plebius Cuvier	100	300	600
Melon butterfly	C. melanotus Bloch & Schneider	60	150	250
Banner fish	Heniochus acuminatus Linnaeus	50	250	600
Red toothed trigger	Odonus niger Ruppell	30	60	125
Half moon trigger	Sufflamen chrysopterum Bloch & Scheider	40	80	120
Titan trigger	Balistoides viridescens Bloch & Schneider	30	60	100
Brown trigger	S. frenatum Latreille	30	50	80
Orange lined trigger	Balistapus undulatus Park	30	80	150
Short fin lionfish	Dendrochirus brachypterus Cuvier	30	50	80
Plain tail lionfish	Pterois russelii Bennett	40	80	200
Lionfish	Pterois volitans Linnaeus	25	75	150
Cleaner wrasse	Labroides dimidiatus Valenciennes	30	60	100
Six bar wrasse	Thalassoma Hardwicke Bennett	30	80	150
Moon wrasse	T. lunare Linnaeus	50	120	300
Queen wrasse	Coris Formosa Bennett	30	80	150
Razor fish	Iniistius bimaculatus Ruppell	40	80	125
Jewel wrasse	Macropharhyngodon meleagrides Valenciennes	30	50	80
Jansen's wrasse	T. jansenii Bleeker	30	50	80
Rainbow wrasse	Coris dorsomacula Fowler	30	80	120
Bird wrasse	Gomphosus caeruleus Lacepede	60	120	175
Common wrasse	Halichoeres nigriscens Bloch & Schneider	30	50	100
Bicolor wrasse	Labroides sp. Bleeker	30	50	80
Banana wrasse	Halichoeres chrysus Randall	30	60	120
Triple tail wrasse	Cheilinus trilobatus Lacepede	40	80	150
Hump head wrasse	C. undulatus Ruppell	40	80	150
Spotted wrasse	Anampses lineatus Randall	30	50	80
Checker board wrasse	H. hortunalus Lacepede	30	50	80
Hog fish	Bodianus neili F. Day	50	80	120
Red Hawk fish	Cirrithichthys bleekeri Day	30	60	125
Red cardinal	Ostorhynchus fleurieu Lacepede	30	80	150
Seven Striped cardinal	Ostorhynchus taeniophorus Regan	25	70	150
Convict tang	Acanthurus triostegus Linnaeus	30	50	100
Black tang	Zebrasoma sp.	30	50	100
Sail fin tang	Z. veliferum Bloch	100	300	600
Brown surgeon	Acanthurus nigrofuscus Forsskal	30	50	100
Dotty back	Pseudochromis dilectus Lubbock	20	75	150
Short nose puffer	Canthigaster solandri Richardson	30	75	150
White spotted puffer	Arothrodon hispidus Linnaeus	50	150	250
Moorish idol	Zanclus cornutus Linnaeus	100	250	600
Red line goby	Trypauchen vagina Bloch and Schneider	40	80	125
Neon goby	Oxyurichthys sp.	40	75	150
Sand goby	Amblyeleotris sp.	40	75	150
Two lined goby	Valenciennea helsdingenii Bleeker	60	100	150
Red snapper	Lutjanus vitta Quoy & Gaimard	50	80	125
Blue striped snapper	L. bengalensis Bloch	50	80	125
Bicolor blenny	Ecsenius sp.	50	120	200
Common blenny	Petroscirtes mitratus Ruppell	20	50	75
Marcia anthias	Pseudanthias marcia Randall and Hoover	30	75	120
Tomato hind	Cephalopholis sonnerati Valenciennes	30	80	120
Blue blotch grouper	C. argus Schneider	40	80	150
Bluelined grouper	C. formosa Shaw	0	60	100
Golden trevally	Gnathanodon speciosus Forsskal	20	80	150
Yellow banded sweet lips	Plectorhynchus lineatus Linnaeus	60	150	300
Oriental Sweet lips	P. vittatus Linnaeus	40	100	250
Red Squirrel	Sargocentron rubrum Forsskal	30	80	150
Long fin batfish	Platax teira Forsskal	200	600	1000
Orbicular Batfish	P. orbicularis Forsskal	200	600	1000
Striped catfish	Plotosus lineatus Thunberg	30	100	250
Carpet anemone	Stichodactyla haddoni Saville-Kent	50	200	600
Tentacle anemone	Heteractis magnifica Quoy & Gaimard	150	600	1500
Bubble tip anemone	Entacmaea quadricolor Ruppell & Leucart	75	300	800
Beaded anemone	Heteractis crispa Quoy & Gaimard	100	500	1800
Tube anemone	Cerianthus sp.	40	100	150
Camel shrimp	Rhynchocinetes durbanensis Gordon	50	150	350
Anemone shrimp	Periclimenes brevicarpalis Schenkel	20	75	150
Anemone shrimp	Ancylomenes magnificus Bruce	25	100	200
Cleaning partner shrimp	Urocaridella cyrtorhynchus Fujino & Miyake	50	150	300
Boxer shrimp	Stenopus hispidus Olivier	200	700	1400
Cleaner shrimp	Lysmata amboinensis De Man	300	800	1500
Blood shrimp	L. debelius Bruce	300	800	1500
Finger star	Linckia multifora Lamarck	40	100	200
Crimson knobbed starfish	Protoreaster linckii Blainville	50	150	250
Horned star	P. nodosus Linnaeus	35	60	125
Hermit crab	Dardanus sp.	25	100	150
Worm	Sabellstarte spectabilis Grube	20	75	125
Nudibranch	Phyllidia varicosa Lamarck	20	75	120

1 2 3 4