B. Syllabi of Courses B. 1 Syllabi of Required Engineering Courses

Elective Course: ME 497 Biomedical Engineering Applications

This course will introduce the student to engineering design principles applied to the cardiovascular system. Numerous life saving technologies are in common use which require fundamental engineering solutions. The cardiovascular system will serve as a platform to introduce concepts of biomechanics, biofluids, and bioelectricity. Along these lines devices such as cardiac valves, vascular stents, the artificial heart and other cardiac assist devices, and pacemakers and defibrillators will be described from an engineering viewpoint.

2. 
   Apply principles of mechanics to describe and analyze the cardiovascular system [a, e]
   
3. 
   Apply principles of fluids to describe and analyze cardiac hemodynamics and blood flow [a, e]
   
4. 
   Apply principles of electrical theory to describe and analyze the origin of biopotentials measured at the cellular and body surface levels [a, e]
   
5. 
   Describe the basic properties and solve design problems related to artificial cardiac valves and modern stenting devices [a, c]
   
6. 
   Describe the basic properties and solve design problems related to cardiac assist devices [a, c]
   
7. 
   Describe the basic properties and solve design problems related to cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators [a, c]
   

1. 
   Cardiovascular anatomy and physiology (4 periods)
   
2. 
   Cardiac mechanics and hemodynamics (8 periods)
   
3. 
   Passive cardiovascular devices (2 periods)
   
4. 
   Cardiac assist devices (4 periods)
   
5. 
   Cardiac electrophysiology (4 periods)
   
6. 
   Cardiac pacemakers (4 periods)
   
7. 
   Cardiac defibrillators (2 periods)
   
8. 
   Tests (2 periods)
   

A pass or fail grade will be assigned for each course by the faculty advisor.

1. 
   Competently carry out independent projects.
   
2. 
   Work in teams effectively.
   
3. 
   Value communication.
   
4. 
   Value professional ethics.
   
5. 
   Demonstrate leadership.
   
6. 
   Value professional licensure.
   
7. 
   Value professional societies.
   
8. 
   Demonstrate professionalism.
   
9. 
   Demonstrate good understanding of engineering practice.
   
10. 
    Value continuing education.
    

1. 
   Competently carry out independent projects.
   
2. 
   Work in teams effectively.
   
3. 
   Value communication.
   
4. 
   Value professional ethics.
   
5. 
   Demonstrate leadership.
   
6. 
   Value professional licensure.
   
7. 
   Value professional societies.
   
8. 
   Demonstrate professionalism.
   
9. 
   Demonstrate good understanding of engineering practice.
   
10. 
    Value continuing education.
    

Heat and mass transfer by diffusion in one-dimensional, two dimensional, transient, periodic, and phase change systems. Convective heat transfer for external and internal flows. Similarity and integral solution methods. Heat, mass, and momentum analogies. Turbulence. Buoyancy-driven flows. Convection with phase change. Radiation exchange between surfaces and radiation transfer in absorbing-emitting media. Multimode heat transfer problems.

2) To increase the student's analytical skills and ability to cope with complex problems.

3) To provide the student with experience in treating multiple mode heat and mass transfer effects and in solving generalized, but realistic, engineering problems.
Course Outcomes:

After completion of this course, the students should be able to:

1. 
   Build on an existing undergraduate background in heat and mass transfer
   
2. 
   Explain the physical origins and modes of heat and mass transfer
   
3. 
   Establish the relationship of these origins to the behavior of thermal systems
   
4. 
   Develop methodologies that facilitate application of the subject to the broad range practical problems
   
5. 
   Discern relevant transport processes and simplifying assumptions
   
6. 
   Develop appropriate expressions from first principles
   
7. 
   Introduce requisite material from heat transfer knowledge base
   
8. 
   Perform exact solutions when possible
   
9. 
   Perform the kind of engineering analysis that, even though not exact, still provides useful information concerning the design and/or performance of a system or process
   
10. 
    When confronted with design and open-ended problems, relate fundamentals to useful engineering models and, in turn, link these models to design decisions
    

1. 
   Review of Basic Concepts and Laws
   
2. 
   Generalized Conservation Equations
   
3. 
   One Dimensional, Steady Diffusion
   
4. 
   Multi dimensional and Transient Diffusion
   
5. 
   Special Topics: Periodic Diffusion, Diffusion with Phase Change, Integral Methods
   
6. 
   Implication of the Conservation Equations
   
7. 
   Turbulent Flow
   
8. 
   Boundary Layer Solutions: Similarity and Integral
   
9. 
   External Flow: Forced Convection Correlations
   
10. 
    Internal Flow
    
11. 
    Free Convection
    
12. 
    Mixed Convection
    
13. 
    Heat Transfer with Phase Change
    
14. 
    Fundamental Concepts
    
15. 
    Surface Radiation Properties
    
16. 
    Surface Radiation Exchange
    
17. 
    Volumetric Effects
    

Fluid properties, basic laws for a control volume, kinematics of fluid flow, dynamics of frictionless incompressible flow, basic hydrodynamics, equations of motion of viscous flow, viscous flow applications, boundary layer theory, wall turbulence, and lift and drag of immersed bodies.

1. 
   Derive partial differential equations of continuity, momentum, and energy for compressible and incompressible flows
   
2. 
   Apply control volume theory for solution of inviscid and viscous flows
   
3. 
   Solve partial differential equations of selected external and internal flow problems
   
4. 
   Compare and use different levels of flow approximations use simplified models when necessary
   
5. 
   Solve external and internal flow problems
   
6. 
   Solve boundary layer, laminar, and turbulent flow problems
   
7. 
   Solve similarity transformation equations numerically using Runge-Kutta methods
   
8. 
   Compute lift, drag, and separation for viscous flows
   
9. 
   Make use of numerical and/or empirical methods when analytical methods fail
   

1. 
   Preliminary concepts (2 periods)
   
2. 
   Fundamental equations of compressible viscous flows (4 periods)
   
3. 
   Inviscid flows (4 periods)
   
4. 
   Solution of the Newtonian viscous-flow equations (7 periods)
   
5. 
   Laminar boundary layers (5 periods)
   
6. 
   Incompressible turbulent flows (6 periods)
   

Flow of compressible fluids. One-dimensional flows including basic concepts, isentropic flow, normal and oblique shock waves, Rayleigh line, Fanno line, and simple waves. Multidimensional flows including general concepts, small perturbation theory for linearized flows, and method of characteristics for nonlinear flows.

1. 
   Derive the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid mechanics from fundamental conservation principles.
   
2. 
   Derive and explain the quasi one-dimensional compressible flow equations from fundamental principles with appropriate simplifications and approximations.
   
3. 
   Apply the one-dimensional flow equations to isentropic flow processes with area change, and to flows with fluid friction, heat transfer, mass addition, and other driving potentials.
   
4. 
   Derive and apply the Rankine-Hugoniot equations for a normal shock.
   
5. 
   Analyze flow through oblique shocks, using normal shock equations, graphs or tables.
   
6. 
   Analyze supersonic flows and explain the starting problem for supersonic inlets.
   
7. 
   Apply the equations for Prandtl-Meyer expansion waves and analyze flows involving discrete-approximation expansion waves.
   
8. 
   Explain modes of combustion waves, and describe the major features of the detonation and deflagration modes of premixed combustion.
   
9. 
   Derive the equations of inviscid, adiabatic, steady multi-dimensional flow and apply them to simple flows.
   
10. 
    Derive the equations of unsteady one-dimensional homoentropic flow.
    
11. 
    Explain and apply the method of characteristics to simple unsteady one-dimensional homoentropic flow, shock tube flow, and steady two-dimensional flow.
    
12. 
    Derive linearized equations of transonic flow and apply them to transonic nozzle analysis.
    

1. 
   Fundamental principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics.
   
2. 
   Governing equations for compressible flow.
   
3. 
   Steady one-dimensional compressible flow.
   
4. 
   Isentropic flow with area change.
   
5. 
   Flow with friction.
   
6. 
   Flow with heat transfer.
   
7. 
   Shock waves.
   
8. 
   Expansion waves.
   
9. 
   Generalized 1-d flow with combustion.
   
10. 
    Multidimensional adiabatic inviscid flow, and acoustics.
    
11. 
    Flow with small perturbations.
    
12. 
    Method of characteristics for steady 2-d flow
    
13. 
    Method of characteristics for unsteady 1-d flow.
    

Physical and chemical aspects of basic combustion phenomena. Classification of flames. Measurement of laminar flame speeds. Factors influencing burning velocity. Theory of flame propagation. Flammability, chemical aspects, chemical equilibrium. Chain reactions. Calculation and measurement of flame temperature. Diffusion flames. Fuels. Atomization and evaporation of liquid fuels. Theories of ignition, stability, and combustion efficiency.

1. 
   Discuss the fundamental and characteristic physical and chemical features of flames and combustion processes.
   
2. 
   Perform chemical stoichiometric calculations of reactant and product compositions, and compute the adiabatic flame temperature and equilibrium composition of major combustion products.
   
3. 
   Determine the approximate rate of a combustion reaction from global kinetic data, and estimate the rate of reactions in batch and well-stirred chemical reactors.
   
4. 
   Describe the major elementary reactions and reaction mechanisms of hydrogen and hydrocarbon combustion.
   
5. 
   Discuss the important terms in the equations of mass, momentum, energy and species conservation, as applied to combustion processes.
   
6. 
   Explain the physical and chemical mechanism of laminar flame propagation, ignition and flammability limits, and estimate the flame velocity and thickness.
   
7. 
   Calculate the detonation velocity and describe the major features of the detonation and deflagration modes of premixed combustion.
   
8. 
   Apply the concept of mixture fraction to analyze one-dimensional diffusion flames.
   
9. 
   Describe the features of laminar and turbulent non-premixed jet flames, and the role of turbulence in premixed and non-premixed combustion processes.
   
10. 
    Calculate the rate of liquid droplet and solid fuel combustion based on mass diffusion analysis.
    
11. 
    Apply knowledge of fundamental combustion processes to describe fires, and practical combustion devices, including internal combustion engines, gas turbines, furnaces, and rockets.
    
12. 
    Describe the types of pollutants generated in typical combustion processes and the available control techniques, and estimate emissions rates in standard reporting units.
    

1. 
   Introduction to combustion processes.
   
2. 
   Thermodynamics and fundamentals of chemical thermodynamics.
   
3. 
   Gas Phase chemical kinetics.
   
4. 
   Explosions.
   
5. 
   Premixed combustion.
   
6. 
   Non-premixed combustion.
   
7. 
   Current research topics and issues in combustion.
   

Studies of stresses and strains in three-dimensional problems. Failure theories and yield criteria. Stress function approach to two-dimensional problems. Bending of non-homogeneous asymmetric curved beams. Torsion of bars with noncircular cross sections. Energy methods. Elastic stability. Introduction to plates. Students may not receive credit for both ME 472 and ME 550.

1. 
   Explain the concept of elasticity, and the difference between stress and strain [a4]
   
2. 
   Explain the terms: isotropic, orthotropic and anisotropic, as applied to materials [a4]
   
3. 
   Explain the terms: plane stress and plane strain [a4]
   
4. 
   Conduct the transformation of plane stress or plane strain components using Mohr's circle, the method of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, the method of quadratic form of ellipsoids, and the method of stress or strain trajectories [a4, e]
   
5. 
   Use the concepts of principal stress and principal strains [e]
   
6. 
   Use the basic tensor notations, the stress, strain and inertia tensors, and their reduction to principal axes [a4, e]
   
7. 
   Apply the analytical procedures involved in strain gauge measurements, in particular the transformation equations [e]
   
8. 
   Solve basic problems in two-dimensional elasticity using Airy's stress function [e]
   
9. 
   Evaluate solutions of simple engineering problems using mechanics of material theories [e]
   
10. 
    Use basic stability and yield criteria for elasto-plastic materials [e]
    
11. 
    Apply basic concepts of elastic stability and buckling of elastic [e]
    
12. 
    Using finite difference approximations to solve elasticity problems governed by partial differential equations [e]
    
13. 
    Understand the importance of various yield criteria and material stability.