Volume 9 Number 2 August 1995
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References1. Oomen AP.Quantitative and clinical aspects of onchocerciasis as seen at Ras Damtew Hospital, Iimma. Eth Med I 1968;6- 55. 2. Birru B and Semu I. A preliminaty report on onchocerciasis in north-western Ethiopia. Eth Med I. 1915;13:53-9. 3. Oomen AP .Clinical manifestations of onchocerciasis. Eth Med I. 1961a;5,159. 4. Oomen AO. Onchocerciasis in Keffa Province of Ethiopia. Trop Geogr Med 1967b;19:231. 5. Ahmed Zein Z. Onchocerciasis. The Ecology of Health in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health 1988;166-76. 6. DeSole G, Walton JC. Onchocerciasis in Gamo Goffa: An Anthropological and ecological survey. Eth Med J 1976;14:37-48. 7. WHO Technical Report Series No.752. World Health Organization 1976; Geneva. 8. WHO Technical Report Series No.597 . World Health Organization 1976; Geneva. 9. Mebratu Y, Abebe M, Mekuria Y. Black flies (Diptera: Simulidae) of Ethiopia: Checklist and distribution. Sinet: Eth J Sci 1979;3:1-20. 10. Mackenzie CD, Williams JF, Sisley BM, Steward MW & O'Day J. Variations in host response and the pathogenesis of human Onchocerciasis. Review of infectious ,diseases 1987;7:802-8. 11. WHO Strategies for the prevention of blindness in National Programmes. A Primary Health Care approach. Geneva, World Health Organization,1984:10. 12. Kale 00. A simplified technique for counting onchocercal microfilariae in skin snips. Bull WHO 1978;56:133-7. 13. Taticheff S, Williams JF, Workneh W. Longitudinal Study of Onchocerciasis in Bebeka-Ethiopia.EthMedJ. 1993;31: 191-200. 14. Remme J, Ba Oi, Dadzie Ky and Karam M. A force of infection model for onchocerciasis and its applications in the epidemiological evaluation of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in the Volta River basin area. Bull WHO 1986;64: 667-81. 15. Whitworth JAG. morgan D, Maude GH, Downham MD, and Taylor DW. A community trial of ivermectin for onchocerciasis to the initial dose. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991;85:92-96. 16. Whitworth JAG. Treatment of onchocerciasis with ivermectin in Sierra Leone. Parasitology Today. 1992;8: 139-40. 17. Witworth JAG, Luty AJF, Maude GH, Morgan D, Downham MD, Taylor DW. Ivermectin does not reduce the burden of itching in an onchocerciasis endemic community. Trans Roy Socf Trop Med Hyg 1992; 86:281-3. 18. Anderson JH, Hamiton PJS, Marshal TF The prognostic value of head nodule and microfilarial in the skin in relation to ocular onchocerciasis. Trepenomedizin and parasitologyie. 1975;26: 191-5. 19. Kebede A, TaticheffS, Bulto T, Workneh W, Tilahun D. Effect of ivermectin treatment on microfilarial in patients with onchocerca Volvulus in Bebeka, Ethiopia. Eth Med J 1993;31:127-35. 20. Duke BOL, Zea-Flores E, Castro J, Cupp EW, Munoz B. Effects of three-mouth doses of ivermectin on adult onchocerca Volvulus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;46:189-94. 21. Diallo S, Aziz MA, Larivierf M, Diallo JS, Diop-Mar I, N'Dir 0, Buldianf S, PY D, Schulz-Key H, Guxotte P, and Victorius A. A double-blind comparison of the efficacy and safety of ivermectin and diethyl carbamazine in a placebo controlled study of Senegalese patients with Onchocerciasis. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1986;80:927-34. 22. Taticheffe S, Abebe N, Hana NG. Onchocerciasis: A prevalence study in Bebeka, Ethiopia. Georg Thieme Veriag Stuttgart. 1987; New York. 23. Tesfaye B, Wondimu W, Seyoum T, Amha K and Dejene T. Mass treatment of onchocerciasis with ivermectin at Bebeka Coffee Plantation in Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev 1990;4:1-6. 24. Oomen AP. The epidemiology of onchocerciasis in south-west Ethiopia. Trop Geogr Med. 1969a;21: 105. 25. Thylefors B. Ocular onchoceriasis. Bull WHO 1978;56:63-73. 26. Budden H. Report on the investigation carried out in November as a WHO short term consultant. Ministry of Health. 1981. 27. Kloos H. and Ahmed Zein Z (editors). Ecology of Health and Disease in Ethiopia 1993. Westview Press, Inc Colorado ch 25 p 367-74. Original article Attrition rates among student nurses at the Gondar college of medical sciences Melakeberhan Dagnew1 and Melake Danlena1 Abstract: A retrospective analysis of academic performance of nursing students was done. From the 402 students admitted from 1984 to 1991, 267 (66.4%) graduated. The attrition rate showed an increase from 15.2% to 45.4%. Higher attrition rate (51.3%) was reported for females as compared to males (21.9%). No correlation between ESLCE result and academic performance was detected (r = 0.01) .The use of multiple admission criteria, increasing the duration of training and improving the learning environment are some of the recommendations suggested based on the study. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 1995;9(1 ):87-90] IntroductionIn Ethiopia, nurses are the second largest group of human resource for health. They comprise 21% of the total workforce (1). Nurses have played and are expected to play an important role in the provision of health care. In recent times, there have been reports on the decline in the quality of nursing care provided at different levels of. the health care system (2). Although there are many reasons, improper and inadequate training is considered an important contributing factor . Observation at the Nursing Department of the Gondar College of Medical Sciences (GCMS) indicated an increase in the number of students who have been academically dismissed. But so far , no study was done to investigate the causes of the problems. Thus, the purpose of this study was first to determine trends in attrition rates; second, to compare if there was ,- -any gender difference in attrition rates; and third to identify those learning barriers contributing to students' dismissals. Such a study is believed to be essential in improving nurse education in the country . The study was done at the GCMS, where training of nurses lasts for two and a half years. This length of years of attendance is different from training schools run by the Ministry of Health (MOH) which conduct a three-year program. At the GCMS, students are admitted on the basis of their scores of the Ethiopian School Leaving Certificate Examination (ESLCE). |