Методические рекомендации для выполнения контрольной работы №1 Контрольное задание №1

2. 
   Функции инфинитива
   

Модальные глаголы выражают не действия, а отношение говорящего (разрешение, предположение, возможность) к действию, выраженному сказуемым. Модальные глаголы не имеют форм во всех временах, для этого употребляются их эквиваленты.

5. 
   Неопределённые местоимения some, any, no
   

1. 
   Прочтите текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
   

1. 
   What laws did Newton discover?
   
2. 
   Can you formulate the Law of Universal Gravitation?
   

1. 
   Isaak Newton was born in 1642 in the family of a poor farmer .The boy began his first scientific experiments at school.
   
2. 
   While studying at Cambridge University, Newton formulated the binomial theorem. In 1662 Cambridge was closed because of the plague and Newton returned to his native village. For the two next years he devoted himself to scientific experimentation.
   
3. 
   Newton’s great discovery was the law of decomposition of light. The scientist proved that the white light of the sun is composed of rays of light of all colours of rainbow. He also discovered the Law of Universal Gravitation which states that “every particle of matter is attracted by every other particle of matter with a force inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart”
   
4. 
   Newton applied the principle of gravitation to prove that the power which guides the Moon around the Earth and the planets around the Sun is the force of gravity. Another application of the Law of Universal Gravitation was Newton’s exploration of the tides.
   
5. 
   Newton was highly honoured by his countrymen and in 1703he was elected the President of the Royal Society. Sir Isaak Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
   

1. 
   Newton …(was performed, performed) many experiments with light.
   
2. 
   When Cambridge … (was closed, closed) in 1662, Newton returned to his native village.
   
3. 
   Mass … (is measured, measured) in grams or kilograms.
   

1. 
   To carry out this experiment will take you a lot of time.
   
2. 
   The experiment to be carried out in our laboratory is very important.
   
3. 
   He forgot to register the results of the experiment
   

1. 
   He must work hard to finish his experiment.
   
2. 
   I can devote myself to scientific work.
   
3. 
   You may repeat your experiment.
   

1. 
   The metric system has … (some, any, no) advantages over the English System.
   
2. 
   Do you remember … (some, any, no) facts from Newton’s biography?
   
3. 
   The young engineer had…(some, any, no) experience in such work.
   

1. 
   Прочтите текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
   

1. 
   What was the boy interested in?
   
2. 
   Which of Faraday’s discoveries do you know?
   

1. 
   Michel Faraday, English experimental physicist, was born in 1791 in a poor family. The boy began to work as an apprentice at a bookbinder’s shop at an early age. One day a man entered the shop and found the boy studying an article on electricity. The man was surprised to see a boy so interested in such a difficult subject and gave him four tickets to the lectures at the Royal Institutions.
   
2. 
   The boy went to the lectures and made notes of what he heard. At the end of the lecture he came to Sir Humphry Davy, the great English scientist and showed him his notes. Davy was surprised. Later he made Faraday his assistant and helped him in his education.
   
3. 
   Faraday had many important discoveries. among his works are the concept of magnetic field and the magnetic “lines of force”, production of new kinds of optical glass and research on electrolysis.
   
4. 
   Faraday produced the first mechanical motion by means of a permanent magnet and an electric current. This is the principle upon which the modern electric motor is based.
   
5. 
   Faraday was very modest and he loved his work more than honours. He refused to become the President of the Royal Society and also refused to be knighted.
   

1. 
   The unit of electricity “farad” … (was named, named) after M. Faraday.
   
2. 
   The first lightning rod … (was invented, invented) by B. Franklin, the outstanding American scientist.
   
3. 
   At Cambridge Newton … (was read, read) with great interest the writings of Galileo.
   

1. 
   In 1810 Faraday began to attend lectures on natural philosophy.
   
2. 
   To study the nature of light and colour Newton carried out many experiments with a prism.
   
3. 
   The lecture to be delivered by a well-known scientist is devoted to the problem of ecology.
   

1. 
   He must check the temperature three times a day.
   
2. 
   In this figure you can see a diagram of temperature changes.
   
3. 
   He may use a barometer to measure the atmospheric pressure.
   

5. 
   Заполните пропуски неопределенными местоимениями some, any, no:
   
   1. 
      The book contained … (some, any, no) diagrams`.
      
   2. 
      Are there … (some, any, no) diagrams in the book?
      
   3. 
      We have … (some, any, no) information on this problem.
      

1. 
   Прочтите текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
   

1. 
   How old was Lomonosov when he left his native village?
   
2. 
   When was the first Russian University founded?
   

1. 
   M.V.Lomonosov was born in 1711 in the village of Denisovka near Archangelsk in the family of a fisherman. At the age of 17 he left his native village and made his way to Moscow. In Moscow he entered the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy. Lomonosov didn’t finish his last grade, as he was sent with eleven other pupils to St. Petersburg to study at the Academy of Science.
   
2. 
   Less than a year after he came to Petersburg Lomonosov was sent abroad to study metallurgy and mining. In 1741 Lomonosov returned to Russia and began to teach chemistry and physics at the Academy.
   
3. 
   Lomonosov established the fundamental law of chemical change of substances which is called the Law of Conservation of Mass.
   
4. 
   Lomonosov founded a new science that we call today physical chemistry. He also studied electrical phenomena in atmosphere of the Earth, the nature of light, and designed an improved telescope. Lomonosov considered nature to be in a state of constant change and development. Coal, oil, etc. were all formed as a result of evolution.
   
5. 
   Lomonosov was a great scientist. His works in poetry had a great influence on Russian Literature. Owing to his efforts, the first Russian University was founded in Moscow. This university bearing his name became the centre of knowledge and science in Russia.
   

1. 
   In 1745 Lomonosov … (was appointed, appointed) a professor at the Academy of Science.
   
2. 
   The first electric lamp … (was invented, invented) in 1873 by A.N.Lodygin.
   
3. 
   In 1911 Marie Curie … (was received, received) the Noble Prize in Chemistry.
   

1. 
   Lomonosov began to work at an early age.
   
2. 
   Edison founded an electric company to supply electricity to New York and other places.
   
3. 
   The experiment to be made by this scientist will give us important information..
   

1. 
   They must solve a number of scientific problems.
   
2. 
   She can do this work in time.
   
3. 
   You may use this method in your research.
   

1. 
   There were … (some, any, no) other higher schools at that time in Russia.
   
2. 
   Can you give me … (some, any, no) magazines?
   
3. 
   They carried out … (some, any, no) experiments yesterday.
   

1. 
   Прочтите текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
   

1. 
   What did Mendeleev discover?
   
2. 
   What fields of science do his works embrace?
   

1. 
   D.I.Mendeleev was born in 1834 at Tobolsk in the family of the director of the town gymnasium. He received his secondary education at Tobolsk and then he entered the Petersburg Pedagogical Institute. After graduation he worked as a teacher foe two years.
   
2. 
   In 1859 he presented his thesis, received his master’s degree and went abroad on a two-year scientific commission. Upon his return to Russia he was elected professor of Petersburg University, where he carried on his scientific and pedagogical activity for 23 years.
   
3. 
   In1906 he issued a book under the title Contribution to the Knowledge of Russia which contained thoughts of the further development of Russian industry and economy. The greatest result of Mendeleev’s creative effort was the discovery of the Periodic Table of Elements.
   
4. 
   Lomonosov established the fundamental law of chemical change of substance which is called the Law of Conservation of Mass.
   
5. 
   One of Mendeleev’s prominent works is his book Principles of Chemistry in which inorganic chemistry was for the first time explained from the standpoint of the Periodic Table.
   
6. 
   A great scientist Mendeleev devoted his life and energies to the progress of his country. His works embrace various fields of science – chemistry, physics, physical chemistry, geophysics.
   

1. 
   Переведите в письменной форме абзацы1, 2, 4.
   
2. 
   Составьте три общих и три специальных вопроса к тексту.
   
3. 
   Заполните пропуски соответствующей активной или пассивной формой глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык:
   

1. 
   At first the Periodic Law … (was received, received) very coldly by other scientists.
   
2. 
   In 1983 Mendeleev … (was appointed, appointed) Director of the bureau of Weights and Measures.
   
3. 
   B. Franklin … (was founded, founded) the first public library and the University of Pennsylvania.
   

1. 
   At that time Newton began to think about construction of an astronomical telescope.
   
2. 
   They made some experiments to prove their theory.
   
3. 
   The procedure to be followed is described below.
   

1. 
   He must illustrate this law by several experiments.
   
2. 
   They may carry out these experiments at the laboratory.
   
3. 
   She can study chemistry at the University.
   

1. 
   You must dissolve … (some, any, no) salt in water.
   
2. 
   Tsiolkovsky had … (some, any, no) money to finance his experiments.
   
3. 
   Did Tsiolkovsky make… (some, any, no) experiments with the centrifuge?
   

1. 
   the binomial theorem – бином Ньютона
   
2. 
   plague - чума
   
3. 
   matter=substance - вещество
   
4. 
   inversely proportional – обратно пропорциональный
   
5. 
   the force of gravity – сила притяжения
   
6. 
   gravitation – притяжение
   
7. 
   an apprentice - ученик, подмастерье
   
8. 
   bookbinder’s shop – переплётная мастерская
   
9. 
   the Royal Society – Королевское научное общество
   
10. 
    lightning rod – громоотвод
    

1. 
   Как образуется страдательный залог?
   
2. 
   Какая форма глагола в русском языке соответствует инфинитиву в английском?
   
3. 
   Какие функции в предложении выполняет инфинитив?
   
4. 
   Как переводится на русский язык инфинитив в функции обстоятельства?
   
5. 
   Назовите основные модальные глаголы в английском языке.
   
6. 
   Какую форму имеет глагол can Past Indefinite Tense?
   
7. 
   Назовите эквивалент глагола must.
   
8. 
   В каких предложениях употребляется местоимение some?
   

1. 
   1.В.А.Шляхова, Т.Д. Любимова. Английский язык. Контрольные задания для студентов технических специальностей вузов. М.: Высшая школа, 2005
   
2. 
   Т.Ю.Полякова, Е.В. Синявская. Английский язык для инженеров. М.: высшая школа 1998.
   
3. 
   Агабекян И.П. Английский для ССУЗОВ. Учебное пособие.- Москва: Проспект, 2007. – 278
   
4. 
   Агабекян И.П. Английский для технических ВУЗов. Учебное пособие. – Ростов-на-Дону: Феникс, 2004.- 350 с.