15. 1 Small Business Innovation Research (sbir) Proposal Submission Instructions Revised Closing Date: February 25, 2015, at 6: 00 a m. Et
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| PHASE I: Develop proof of concept of a large-format battery cell with innovative thermal approaches. This includes a workable chemistry and electrode approach at a reasonable hardware scale to demonstrate performance at rate. Such a demonstration cell shall include relevant conduction path lengths and support detailed modeling and simulation, or other approaches to indicate the performance of cells at scale, in accordance with the Phase II requirements. The Phase I goal is to deliver a small number of these innovative cells for abuse testing by either the vendor or the Navy in order to help identify weaknesses in the design.
In the Phase I Option, if awarded, a detailed design of the full scale cell shall be completed, based upon cell test results. PHASE II: Develop, fabricate and demonstrate a cell and battery design suitable for operation at 1000V and 10C (thr) to 30C (obj), using 40°C liquid cooling only. The design shall be suitable for compact racking and operation in tight applications and in spaces with ambient temperatures up to 60°C. The design should be able to transfer heat to the cooling media in such a manner that upon completion of a full discharge (=80% DOD) at rated conditions, the cells can immediately undergo charge at a 2C rate (thr) or higher (15C, obj), and repeat this continually. The effort will deliver cells and modules to support safety evaluation of the approach, and will deliver a battery pack of minimum 20Ah, 1000V, including Battery Management System BMS and any necessary balance of plant for a system demonstration. PHASE III: Perform sufficient engineering to support evaluation of safety for fully racked and enclosed batteries under the necessary Navy safety test efforts. Provide battery systems for evaluation under shock, vibration and thermal propagation scenarios. Deliver full packaged battery string with suitable design basis to build and integrate into future applications. The small business will support the Navy with certifying and qualifying the batteries for Navy use on the appropriate platforms. When appropriate the small business will focus on scaling up manufacturing capabilities and commercialization plans for domestic cell manufacture and modularization. PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL/DUAL-USE APPLICATIONS: The electric utility industry uses large battery bank installations in lieu of "peaker plants" in order to level load the power generation requirements during peak time of day. The automotive and marine industries are transitioning to electric drive. These large-format high-power batteries would be directly relevant for these applications and would furthermore reduce Department of Defense (DoD) procurement costs with the economy of scale of manufacturing for multiple industrial sectors. REFERENCES: 1. Drake, S. J., Wetz, D. A., Ostanek, J. K., Miller, S. P., Heinzel, J. M., & Jain, A. (2014). Measurement of anisotropic thermophysical properties of cylindrical Li-ion cells. Journal of Power Sources, 252, 298-304. 2. Al Hallaj, S., Maleki, H., Hong, J. S., & Selman, J. R. (1999). Thermal modeling and design considerations of lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 83(1), 1-8. 3. Smith, K., & Wang, C. Y. (2006). Power and thermal characterization of a lithium-ion battery pack for hybrid-electric vehicles. Journal of Power Sources, 160(1), 662-673. 4. Analysis of Heat Dissipation in Li-Ion Cells & Modules for Modeling of Thermal Runaway Accessed 25 July 2014, www.nrel.gov/vehiclesandfuels/energystorage/pdfs/41531.pdf KEYWORDS: Energy storage; Electrochemistry; thermal design; large-format cell design; high power battery; Li-ion battery; heat transfer N151-074 TITLE: Acoustic Signature Bundling for Classification TECHNOLOGY AREAS: Information Systems, Sensors ACQUISITION PROGRAM: Passive Sonar Automation Technology EC; PMS 485, Fixed Surveillance System The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. OBJECTIVE: Develop an algorithm and approach to determine the acoustic signature (Broadband, Narrowband, and Intermittent) for sonar contacts. Future systems will require automation with conditional probabilistic reasoning across distributed sensor fields. Advances are sought in acoustic signature bundling to enable automation of detection, classification, localization & tracking of acoustic and non-acoustic contacts so as to significantly reduce the operational workload associated with contact evaluation. DESCRIPTION: Current Navy tactical and surveillance sonar systems include automation to simplify operational tasking, yet often still require all key detections and assertions to be controlled and managed by the trained operators. Burdens placed on trained operators are only increasing in light of (a) expansions in system implementations and in the number of beams requiring review, (b) improvements in beamformer-based target detection capabilities, (c) proliferation of clutter-like contacts through which an operator must sort, (d) increases in operational training costs, and (e) simultaneous reductions in force. Operational workload requirements are now a key inhibitor of system implementation and deployment options, and are key components of system life-cycle costs. The Navy is in need of improved autonomous system concepts that significantly reduce required operator involvement and that ultimately enable fully autonomous implementation. At present, the sonar operator analyzes contact followers manually. An ongoing Enabling Capability project will produce meta-data tags for a set of surface ship generated signals that could confuse submarine classification algorithms. This topic pursues a more desirable approach for signal association for spectral classification. PHASE I: Determine technical feasibility of the proposed approach with the goal to correctly associate all acoustic evidence presented from an individual sonar contact. Develop a concept for contact component tracking and association/bundling, integrated attribute estimation, and data association and classification processing that is applicable to large sensor fields. Demonstrate the feasibility of the concept in meeting Navy needs and establish that the concept can be developed into a useful product for the Navy. Feasibility will be established by analytical modeling and/or analysis. Provide a Phase II development plan that addresses technical risk reduction and provides performance goals and key technical milestones. PHASE II: Based on the results of Phase I and the Phase II development plan, develop a prototype for evaluation. The prototype will be evaluated to determine its capability in meeting the performance goals defined in Phase II development plan and Navy requirements for automated detection, classification, localization, and tracking across a field of sensors, with full association, re-acquisition, and behavioral reasoning capabilities. System performance will be demonstrated through prototype evaluation with operational data and modeling or analytical methods over the required range of parameters. Evaluation results will be used to refine the prototype into an initial design that will meet Navy requirements. Prepare a Phase III development plan to transition the technology to Navy use. PHASE III: If Phase II is successful, the small business will be expected to support the Navy in transitioning the technology for Navy use with Fixed Surveillance Systems. The company will refine automation, data association, and classification processing techniques according to the Phase III development plan for evaluation to determine its effectiveness in an operationally relevant environment. The small business will support the Navy for testing and validation to certify and qualify the system for Navy use as part of the Integrated Undersea Surveillance System. PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL/DUAL-USE APPLICATIONS: Automated signature bundling is expected to be fully applicable to arbitrary suites of sensors, including mobile unmanned aerial vehicle/unmanned underwater vehicles/ UAV/UUV sensors operating either independently or jointly with other distributed sensors. Applications within the medical industry are also anticipated, where, for example, multiple ultrasonic transducers are used for tracking anomalies in tissue. REFERENCES: 1. D. Ross, Mechanics of Underwater Noise Peninsula, Los Altos, CA, 1987. 2. P. Scrimger and R. Heitmeyer, “Acoustic source level measurements for a variety of merchant ships,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 691–699 1991.
N151-075 TITLE: Technology for Ship to Shore Connector Concepts with Combined High Speed and Payload Fraction TECHNOLOGY AREAS: Ground/Sea Vehicles ACQUISITION PROGRAM: PEO Land Systems, Amphibious Combat Vehicle Program The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. OBJECTIVE: Determine technologies applicable for ship to shore surface connectors including hydrodynamic, propulsive, or structural concepts that result in vehicles with high speed (>20 knots), cargo capacity (75 tons or greater), while compatible with the constraints of operating from the well deck of an amphibious ship. DESCRIPTION: Develop concepts based on innovative technology for a surface connector craft to transport equipment, material and personnel from a host vessel constituting a Sea Base which may be from 65 nautical miles (nm) to 200 nm offshore from the beach. The connector will need to operate and transit in sea conditions up through the top end of NATO Sea State 3 (Objective SS4). The Sea Base may be an amphibious ship equipped with a well deck capable of dry or flooded operation. The connector must be compatible with operating from a well deck, including refueling, allowing for scenarios when no fueling ashore or en route is anticipated. The objective is to carry a full payload on each leg of the round trip to address the need for retrograde transport from the beach to the Sea Base. The connector will require some amphibious capability ranging from the ability to cross sandbars, shoals, and mud flats to the ability to deliver its cargo ashore above the high water level. The payload for delivery by the connector to the beach should be at minimum 75 long tons (LT) with an objective of 210 LT. Since the distances are much greater than typical for current well deck connector transits, increased speed in excess of 20 nautical miles per hour (knots) is of great interest. Concepts for, or technologies that would enable, well deck transported connectors to achieve, or approach, this speed, while carrying the full payload, are of interest and higher speeds are desired if possible to reduce the transit/sortie times. The connector should be capable of embarking and launching amphibious vehicles such as the Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAV-7) in stream (at-sea) so they can swim ashore or to a well deck ship if operations dictate. The movement of amphibious combat vehicles, tanks, and other equipment, material, and personnel ashore from greater standoff distance from the shore requires surface connectors with a combination of range, speed, and payload that is not available in the fleet today. Current well deck surface connectors include the Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) which is fully-amphibious, can operate at high speeds and carry the threshold payload, but has limited range when carrying a full payload in the higher range of allowable sea states; and the Landing Craft Utility (LCU 1600) cannot cross very shallow waters (over sand bars, shoals, mud flats, etc.) but has greater payload capacity and range, albeit at speeds below the desired capability. Another developmental well deck capable surface connector is the Ultra-Heavylift Amphibious Connector (UHAC), which has been demonstrated at roughly ½ scale. At full-scale, it has the potential to achieve the 20 knot target speed with the objective payload over a distance of about 100 nm. Other landing craft concepts that have been attempted and may provide a source of ideas are the Power Augmented Ram Landing Craft (PARLC) and the Russian Navy’s Dyugon-class. Each of these well deck transported surface connectors meets some aspects of the desired capability, but no one connector meets all of the desired capabilities of speed, payload, and range. This topic is seeking technologies that may enable any of these connectors to meet all three objectives as well as entirely new connector concepts that offer breakthrough performance. PHASE I: Develop a conceptual design for a surface connector that is compatible with amphibious ship well deck constraints, or identify and assess the feasibility for new enabling technology of existing surface connector platforms. The deliverable for Phase I should clearly describe the concept or technology, address the impact of the concept or enabling technology on mission capability and affordability, and include by analysis, and/or existing test results, support for claims of performance improvements and capabilities. Life cycle cost is critical to the fielding of any concepts/technologies and should be considered. PHASE II: Through modeling and simulation, physical scale-modeling, or a combination of both, the small business will validate the performance claims made in Phase I for any design concept or technology. As appropriate, the small business will develop an analytical model of the full-scale concept, a sub-scale physical model, or a component-level demonstration of the enabling technology to assess feasibility. Design drawings or a technical data package will be produced to facilitate commercialization. PHASE III: Existing platforms will be utilized as a test bed to demonstrate the capability for achieving the speed/payload/range objectives and the well deck and amphibious capabilities, at an appropriate scale and level of fidelity. PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL/DUAL-USE APPLICATIONS: Access to austere coastlines while carrying large payloads would be attractive to commercial ventures involved in exploration for, or production, of oil, gas, or mineral resources. Another application may be in humanitarian assistance/disaster relief missions into areas where the normal port access may have been degraded or destroyed. REFERENCES: 1. Bridging Our Surface-Connector Gap, General James F. Amos, USMC, Proceedings Magazine, Vol. 140/6/1,336, U.S. Naval Institute, June 2014, http://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2014-06/bridging-our-surface-connector-gap 2. Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC), FAS Military Analysis Network, Updated Monday, February 14, 2000, http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/lcac.htm 3. Landing Craft, Mechanized and Utility - LCM/LCU, Navy Fact File, 15 November 2013, http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=1600&ct=4 4. Ultra Heavy-lift Amphibious Connector (UHAC): Marines test new beach assault vehicle, The CNN Wire, July 16, 2014, http://www.wptv.com/news/local-news/water-cooler/ultra-heavy-lift-amphibious-connector-uhac-marines-test-new-beach-assault-vehicle 5. Power Augmented Ram Landing Craft (PARLC), Stargazer, http://stargazer2006.online.fr/various/pages/parlc.htm 6. Russian Navy Landing Craft Under Construction with Air Cavity Hull Design, George Backwell, Marine Propulsion, January 21, 2012, http://articles.maritimepropulsion.com/article/Russian-Navy-Landing-Craft-Under-Construction-with-Air-Cavity-Hull-Design-2076.aspx KEYWORDS: Surface connector; well deck; amphibious; high speed; range; payload; landing craft N151-076 TITLE: Compact, Polarization Preserving Antennas for the 40-200 GHz Frequency Range TECHNOLOGY AREAS: Sensors, Electronics, Space Platforms The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. OBJECTIVE: Build a high gain, low noise figure, rad-hard, dual polarization, electronically steered, multi-beam antenna array for the 40-200 GHz frequency range using a scalable subarray design. DESCRIPTION: Capital ships and satellites often use dish antennas to produce antenna patterns with narrow main beams and highly suppressed side lobes. But then, only one direction can be studied at a time. From all but geostationary orbits, this severely limits the time any given spot on the earth can be observed and such orbits severely limit the total field of view. Replacing the dish with an electronically steered array capable of forming, say, 4 beams, would increase the observation time of each spot in the pattern by a factor of 4, allowing less intense signals to be received. A quasi-conformal geometry would allow the mechanical risk to the mission of a failed on-orbit deployment to be eliminated. The use of extreme bandwidths is both enabled and made desirable by the still low utilization of these high frequencies for communications. In the radiometry application, the intended signal is the black body emission from the earth's surface and atomic and molecular thermal emissions. Both polarizations are required for the data to be interpreted properly. The signals normally occur at power levels below -150 dBm, so antenna gain is definitely desirable from both power and beam pattern point of view. Frequency dependent onductor loss must be considered because of the high frequency and the ideal of flat antenna gain. Active thermal control may be desirable to stabilize the operating temperature and thus conductive loss and antenna gain, even if superconducting materials are not used in the fabrication. Because of the short wavelengths at these high frequencies, the individual antennas will be very miniature, especially at the antenna feed and in connecting to the beam forming module. Distributed feed points may also be helpful to consider. Whole wafer lithography fabrication techniques may be required. Proposals should identify the class of antenna element that will be developed, conductor and substrate materials, and fabrication method. Goals should be defined for main beam width, side lobe suppression, noise figure, and antenna power gain, and planned method for forming 4, 16, 64,.... (and so on) simultaneous beams. The Phase I base effort must provide confidence that the minimal 4 beam 5:1 array can be delivered by the end of the proposed Phase II effort. PHASE I: Determine technical feasibility and document by simulation (using industry standard CAD tools) and preliminary experimentation that the required antenna elements and feed structures can be manufactured to the specifications detailed in the description. The Phase I option, if exercised, should continue development of the required subcomponents, including experimental exploration of which design variation has better yield. Phase II proposal (due at end of Phase I base) should include a discussion of notional packaging concerns for the space and maritime environments. PHASE II: Phase II shall include several design/fabrication/test cycles leading to an increase in the accuracy with which the performance limiting factors for the arrays are known and how these parameters scale with the number of elements and beams formed. Document the stability of performance parameters achieved under heat load conditions corresponding to the more extreme case of solar illumination and deep space exposure alternation, regardless of whether active temperature control is proposed. Design and demonstrate a suitable radome for the demonstrated antenna. PHASE III: Finalize development of an optimally scaled array incorporated into the design of a future earth observing satellite having a mission similar to that of WINDSAT or a future capital ship communications system. PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL/DUAL-USE APPLICATIONS: Currently there are commercial collision avoidance radar applications in the 60 GHz range, and the 94 GHz range is being developed quickly. Moreover, short range communications, such as WiFi hot spots, can best be accomplished over portions of the spectrum with large atmospheric attenuation which allows each user (due to their 100's of meters physical separation) to utilize wide frequency bands without interfering with other users. This allows high data rate information to be successfully transmitted. While these applications are not as wideband as those requested in this SBIR, it is the technology for forming the feeds and matching networks that must be developed here, and that will directly transition to these commercial applications. By demonstrating wideband capability, narrower sub-bands will have been proven. There is also a commercial SatCom and wireless data transmission community. REFERENCES: 1. Active Electronically Scanned Array. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_electronically_scanned_array 2. Electronically Steered Phased Array Radar Antenna. http://www.google.com/patents/US4931803 3. Antenna Array Analysis with Custom Radiation Pattern. http://www.mathworks.com/help/phased/examples/antenna-array-analysis-with-custom-radiation-pattern.html 4. Micro-Coaxial Fed 18 to 110 GHz Planar Log-Periodic Antennas With RF Transitions. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/defdeny.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fstamp%2Fstamp.jsp%3Ftp%3D%26arnumber%3D6671405%26userType%3Dinst&denyReason=-134&arnumber=6671405&productsMatched=null&userType=inst 5. NIST antenna calibrations extended to 60-110 GHz. http://phys.org/news99323764.html 6. TowerJazz and UCSD Demonstrate First Silicon Wafer-Scale 110 GHz Phased Array Transmitter with Record Performance. http://www.jacobsschool.ucsd.edu/news/news_releases/release.sfe?id=1189 |