5.1.2 identifying invertebrate taxa which are important for individual bird species
The importance of invertebrate taxa in the diet was listed in order of descending value for each bird species individually (Table 5.3). These were determined separately for breeding and non-breeding seasons and for adults and chicks. As with weed seeds some bird species showed a distinct preference for 1-2 insect orders. To so extent for adults this was a reflection of their foraging habits and the availability of the insects. Overall chicks were fed a wide range of insect Orders. However information is needed at the species level if predictions are to be made as to the likely impact of changes in farming practices on farmland bird diet.
Table 5.3. Invertebrate taxa important for individual bird species based on the mean proportion (%) of the diet from all references and sampling methods. N indicates the number of records used to calculate the mean proportion of each taxon. NB. * indicates that the overall mean percentage includes % occurrence, ** indicates the overall mean was calculated from % occurrence only. Insect life stages eaten: A = adults, L = larvae, P = pupae, I = imagines, N = nymphs, E = eggs. Invertebrates are listed in declining order of importance.
ADULTS – BREEDING SEASON
|
Bird species
|
Bird age
|
Class
|
Order
|
Stage eaten
|
Mean %
|
N
|
Chaffinch
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
A
|
19.5
|
5
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
|
13.9
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
L
|
9.3
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
L/I
|
9.2
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hymenoptera
|
|
7.3
|
2
|
|
|
Arachnida
|
Araneae
|
|
7.2
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
A
|
6.9
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Trichoptera
|
|
6.2
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
L/I
|
3.0
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
A
|
3.0
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corn bunting
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
|
30.3
|
5
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Symphyta 3 & Lepidoptera
|
|
18.0
|
2
|
|
|
Arachnida
|
Araneae/Opiliones
|
|
6.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
|
3.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Odonata
|
|
3.0
|
1
|
|
|
Gastropoda
|
Stylommatophora 5
|
|
1.6
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goldfinch
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
|
53.2
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
L
|
46.8
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greenfinch
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
L
|
88.9
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
|
11.1
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
House sparrow
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
|
*15.0
|
37
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
|
*13.1
|
4
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
|
*6.0
|
16
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
|
*6.0
|
7
|
|
|
Arachnida
|
Araneae/Opiliones
|
|
*5.0
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Orthoptera
|
|
1.3
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hymenoptera 1
|
|
*0.7
|
2
|
|
|
Clitellata
|
Lumbricidae 2
|
|
0.4
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Collembola
|
|
**0.3
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Neuroptera
|
|
**0.3
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Symphyta 3
|
|
**0.1
|
1
|
|
|
Chilopoda 4
|
|
|
**0.1
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Thysanoptera
|
|
**0.1
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Trichoptera
|
|
**0.1
|
2
|
|
|
Gastropoda
|
Stylommatophora 5
|
|
**0.1
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lapwing
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
A
|
80.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
L
|
10.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
L
|
4.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
A
|
2.0
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quail
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Hymenoptera 6
|
P
|
*19.8
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Collembola
|
A
|
*19.4
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
A
|
*19.0
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
L
|
*16.1
|
4
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hymenoptera 6
|
A
|
*10.3
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
L
|
*6.5
|
10
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Isopoda
|
A
|
*6.1
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Symphyta 3
|
L
|
*5.9
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
A
|
*5.6
|
12
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
L
|
*5.3
|
2
|
|
|
Arachnida
|
Araneae
|
|
*5.1
|
4
|
|
|
Gastropoda
|
Pulmonata
|
A
|
*5.1
|
2
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
A
|
*3.4
|
6
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hymenoptera 1
|
L
|
*2.8
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reed bunting
|
adult
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
|
**25.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
L
|
**22.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
|
**20.7
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
|
**14.0
|
1
|
|
|
Arachnida
|
Araneae
|
|
**11.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Orthoptera
|
|
**11.0
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rook
|
adult
|
Clitellata
|
Lumbricidae 2
|
|
*31.1
|
5
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
L/I
|
**21.3
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
L/P
|
**16.5
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
L/P
|
**14.0
|
1
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Lepidoptera
|
A
|
5.1
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Coleoptera
|
A
|
4.7
|
15
|
|
|
Gastropoda
|
Stylommatophora 5
|
|
0.5
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hymenoptera
|
|
0.5
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Hemiptera
|
|
0.3
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Diptera
|
A
|
0.3
|
3
|
|
|
Insecta
|
Orthoptera
|
|
0.2
|
1
| |
Yüklə 6.33 Mb.