Harmony of the gospels
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BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS 1. When therefore the LORD knew how the Pharisees had heard that Jesus made and baptized more disciples than John, Knew is the aorist active indicative of Ginosko. The Pharisees knew this obvious fact. It was easy for Jesus to know the attitude of the Pharisees about it as seen in John 2:24. Here we see that the Pharisees are already suspicious of Jesus. They heard that Jesus was making and baptising more disciples than John. The present active indicative in both verbs recalls the tremendous success of John’s early ministry and showed the significance of this statement that Jesus had forged ahead of him in popular favour. Already the Pharisees had turned violently against John who had called them broods of vipers. It was Herod Antipas the tetrarch who had cast John into prison. Josephus [Antiquities XVIII] gave the public reason for this act of Herod Antipas which was the fear that John would “raise a rebellion”. However the true reason for his vengeance is given by Luke. John was cast into prison before Jesus left for Galilee. The Pharisees, with John out of the way, turn to Jesus with envy and hate. 2 (Though Jesus himself baptized not, but his disciples,) 3 He left Judaea, and departed again into Galilee. “Although Jesus himself baptised not, but his disciples” – the parenthetical explanation that applies also to John 3:22. The imperfect tense means that it was not the habit of Jesus to baptise. This is the last mention of baptism under the direction of Jesus till the Great Commission in Matthew 28:19-20. It is possible that Jesus stopped the baptising because of the excitement and the issue raised about his Messianic claims till after his resurrection when he enjoined it upon his disciples as a rite of public enlistment in his service. Jesus departs for Judea because He did not wish to bring the coming conflict with the Pharisees to a head yet. He now mainly avoids Jerusalem and Judea until the end of His ministry. From this time on each time that Jesus appears in Jerusalem and Judea before His last visit there is an open breach with the Pharisees who attack him (John 5:1-47; 7:14-10:21; 10:22-42; 11:17-53). HARMONISATION There are no apparent problems with a direct harmonisation of these accounts APPLICATION Each of us has a part to play in the plan of God. The time is limited and we should act as a member of a team. When our term of service is over or curtailed the Lord provides for the message to go on. The messengers may be different but the message is eternal and unchangeable We are going to encounter opposition if we are active in God’s work. To be effective in the Lord’s work we need to be controlled by the Holy Spirit DOCTRINES HOLY SPIRIT: MINISTRY TO JESUS CHRIST 1. The ministry of the Spirit in sustaining Jesus Christ was prophesied in the Old Testament. (Isaiah 11:1-3, 42:1, 61:1-3) 2. The virgin birth was only possible by the work of the Holy Spirit. Matthew 1: 18, 20, Psalm 40:6, Hebrews 10:5. 3. The Holy Spirit was given without measure (constant unhindered filling) to the humanity of Christ. (John 3:34) 4. The Holy Spirit was related to the baptism of Jesus. (Matthew 3:16) 5. The Holy Spirit sustained Jesus Christ during his earthly ministry. (Matthew 12:18, 28, Luke 4:14, 15, 18) 6. The Lord acknowledged the work of the Spirit in his works and miracles. Matthew 12:8 (Quoting Isaiah 44:1), 18, 28, Luke 4:14-21. 7. The sustaining ministry of the Holy Spirit was withdrawn from the Lord when he bore our sins on the cross. Matthew 27:46, Psalms 22. 8. The Holy Spirit had a part in the resurrection of Jesus Christ. (Romans 8:11, 1 Peter 3:18) 9. The present ministry of the Holy Spirit to Jesus Christ (John 7:39, 16:14) 10. The same sustaining ministry of the Holy Spirit is passed on to us at salvation, and we are commanded to make use of this ministry 11. To grow thereby (Galatians 4:19, 5:16, Ephesians 3:16, 17, 5:18, Romans 13:14) HARMONY JESUS GOES TO GALILEE Now after that Jesus had heard that John was put in prison and the LORD knew how the Pharisees had heard that Jesus made and baptised more disciples than John, (Though Jesus himself baptised not, but his disciples,) He left Judaea, and returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God, and there went out a fame of him through all the region round about. 33 INTERVIEW WITH WOMAN FROM SAMARIA JOHN 4:4-42 4 And he must needs go through Samaria. 5. Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which is called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph. 6 Now Jacob's well was there. Jesus therefore, being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well: and it was about the sixth hour. 7 There cometh a woman of Samaria to draw water: Jesus saith unto her, Give me to drink. 8 (For his disciples were gone away unto the city to buy meat.) 9 Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans. 10 Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water. 11 The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep: from whence then hast thou that living water? 12 Art thou greater than our father Jacob, which gave us the well, and drank thereof himself, and his children, and his cattle? 13 Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again: 14 But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life. 15 The woman saith unto him, Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come hither to draw. 16 Jesus saith unto her, Go, call thy husband, and come hither. 17 The woman answered and said, I have no husband. Jesus said unto her, Thou hast well said, I have no husband: 18 For thou hast had five husbands; and he whom thou now hast is not thy husband: in that saidst thou truly. 19 The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet. 20 Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship. 21 Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father. 22 Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship: for salvation is of the Jews. 23 But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him. 24 God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth. 25 The woman saith unto him, I know that Messias cometh, which is called Christ: when he is come, he will tell us all things. 26 Jesus saith unto her, I that speak unto thee am he. 27 And upon this came his disciples, and marvelled that he talked with the woman: yet no man said, What seekest thou? or, Why talkest thou with her? 28 The woman then left her waterpot, and went her way into the city, and saith to the men, 29 Come, see a man, which told me all things that ever I did: is not this the Christ? 30 Then they went out of the city, and came unto him. 31 In the mean while his disciples prayed him, saying, Master, eat. 32 But he said unto them, I have meat to eat that ye know not of. 33 Therefore said the disciples one to another, Hath any man brought him ought to eat? 34 Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work. 35 Say not ye, There are yet four months, and then cometh harvest? behold, I say unto you, Lift up your eyes, and look on the fields; for they are white already to harvest. 36 And he that reapeth receiveth wages, and gathereth fruit unto life eternal: that both he that soweth and he that reapeth may rejoice together. 37 And herein is that saying true, One soweth, and another reapeth. 38 I sent you to reap that whereon ye bestowed no labour: other men laboured, and ye are entered into their labours. 39 And many of the Samaritans of that city believed on him for the saying of the woman, which testified, He told me all that ever I did. 40 So when the Samaritans were come unto him, they besought him that he would tarry with them: and he abode there two days. 41 And many more believed because of his own word; 42 And said unto the woman, Now we believe, not because of thy saying: for we have heard him ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world. 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