Daniel The Man who Feared God 2016

147 Josef A. Jungmann, Tran. Francis A. Brunner, The Early Liturgy: To the Time of Gregory the Great (Notre Dame, IN: Univ. Notre Dame Press, 1959), p. 124.

148 John L. Girardeau, Instrumental Music in the Public Worship of the Church (Havertown, PA: New Covenant Publication Society, 1983, reprint of the 1888 edition), p. 157.

149 Eusebius, “Commentary on Psalm 91 [92] vv. 2-3”, Patrologia Graeca 23, 1171.

150 Athanasius, “Letter to Marcellinus,” in Athanasius – The Life of Antony and The Letter to Macellinus (Translation and Introduction by Robert C. Gregg) (New York, NY: Paulist Press, 1980), p. 125-127.

151 For an analysis of objections to the view presented here (e.g., that the Psalms command us to use musical instruments), see: Chapter 10 – “Praise Him with the Spiritual Harp and Lyre” in: James R. Hughes, In Spirit and Truth: Worship as God Requires (Understanding and Applying the Regulative Principle of Worship), 2005; http://www.epctoronto.org/Press/Publications_JRHughes/Publications_JRHughes.htm

152 Calvin, Commentaries on the Book of the Prophet Daniel; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/calcom24.i.html

153 H. C. Leupold, Exposition of Daniel, (Minneapolis, Augsburg, 1961). p. 148.

154 “Of the Civil Magistrate,” Westminster Confession of Faith, Chapter 23, para. 4.

155 http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Mackay.html and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Mackay,_Baron_Mackay_of_Clashfern

156 See: Chapter 9 – “The Psalter: the Hymnbook of the Church” in: James R. Hughes, In Spirit and Truth: Worship as God Requires (Understanding and Applying the Regulative Principle of Worship), 2005; http://www.epctoronto.org/Press/Publications_JRHughes/Publications_JRHughes.htm

157 See: Chapter 10 – “Praise Him with the Spiritual Harp and Lyre” in: James R. Hughes, In Spirit and Truth: Worship as God Requires (Understanding and Applying the Regulative Principle of Worship), 2005; http://www.epctoronto.org/Press/Publications_JRHughes/Publications_JRHughes.htm

158 “An Appendix touching Days and Places of Publick Worship,” The Directory for the Publick Worship of God.

159 From Middle English currayen favel, or Old French correier fauvel, which means to curry a fallow-colored horse. In the Middle Ages a fallow horse was a symbol of deceit. Thus, to curry favour became an idiom for ‘be hypocritical’.

160 http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=36143; http://snooper.wordpress.com/2007/12/31/united-nations-ban-criticism-of-islam/

161 Edward T. Oakes, S.J. “The Forgotten Pogrom,” FirstThings, 2008-10-08; www.firstthings.com

162 http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=42600; http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/08/18/AR2005081801680.html

163 http://candacesalima.blogspot.com/2008/09/liberal-media-attacks-sarah-palin-and.html

164 See for example, Rodney Stark, The Victory of Reason: How Christianity Led to Freedom, Capitalism, and Western Success (New York: Random House, 2005).

165 Tertullian, To the Heathen (Nations), 1.17; Athenagoras, 13; see: Eberhard Arnold, The Early Christians in Their Own Words (The Bruderhof Foundation, Farmington, PA. 2003), p. 48; http://www.plough.com/ebooks/pdfs/EarlyChristians.pdf

166 http://www.innvista.com/culture/religion/earlmart.htm

167 John Foxe (ed. William Byron Forbush), Foxe’s book of Martyrs; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/foxe/martyrs/files/martyrs.html

168 Voice of the Martyrs; http://www.persecution.net/

169 http://www.gcts.edu/ockenga/globalchristianity/gd/gd16.pdf

170 http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/681473/posts

171 http://www.ultramontes.pl/cypriani_martyrium.htm

172 Acta Proconsularia, 3-6; http://philthompson.net/pages/martyrs/cyprianmart.html

173 Calvin, Commentaries on the Book of the Prophet Daniel; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/calcom24.i.html

174 http://www.obamaformessiah.com/; http://obamamessiah.blogspot.com/

175 Calvin, Commentaries on the Book of the Prophet Daniel; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/calcom24.i.html

176 “Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience,” Westminster Confession of Faith, Chapter 22, paragraph 2.

177 http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/18/us/politics/18bill.html?_r=1&oref=slogin

178 http://raymondpronk.wordpress.com/2008/04/19/john-mccain-and-hillary-clinton-anger-management-issues/

179 http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2000/3/2000_3_86.shtml

180 http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/martin_paul/

181 http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2000/3/2000_3_86.shtml

182 W. A. Elwell & P. W. Comfort, Tyndale Bible dictionary. Tyndale Reference Library (Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers, 2001), p. 237.

183 D. R. W. Wood, New Bible Dictionary (Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press, c1996, c1982, c1962), p. 147.

184 http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Brick

185 http://www.archive.org/details/holybiblefacsimi00polluoft

186 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_James_Version_of_the_Bible

187Bible, King James Version, Apocrypha; http://etext.virginia.edu/kjv.browse.html

188 Douay-Rheims (1899).

189 Bible, King James Version, Apocrypha; http://etext.virginia.edu/kjv.browse.html

190 http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bcp/1559/MP_1559.htm

191 http://skepdic.com/firewalk.html

192 Bible, King James Version, Apocrypha, The Song of the Three Young Men; http://etext.virginia.edu/kjv.browse.html

193 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Semitic_religion

194 2,648 ft / 807 m drop.

195 5,700 feet / 1,737 meters wide; 350 feet / 107 meters drop.

196 For a discussion of the synagogue form of worship at the time of the Captivity, see “Synagogue or Temple” in: James R. Hughes, In Spirit and Truth: Worship as God Requires (Understanding and Applying the Regulative Principle of Worship), 2005; http://www.epctoronto.org/Press/Publications_JRHughes/Publications_JRHughes.htm

197 “Of the Civil Magistrate,” Westminster Confession of Faith, Chapter 23, para. 3.

198 Larger Catechism, Q109.

199 Larger Catechism, Q108.

200 This topic is addressed in more detail in “Appendix F – Relationship Between Church and State (Considerations)” in: James R. Hughes, Nehemiah the Church Builder – Instructor’s Guide, 2006; http://www.epctoronto.org/Press/Publications_JRHughes/Nehemiah%20--%20the%20Church%20Builder%20Instructors%20Guide%202006-12-30.doc

201 For a ‘picture’ of what a Christian state might look like consult: James R. Hughes, Christian Libertarian Manifesto; http://www.epctoronto.org/Press/Publications_JRHughes/Christian_Libertarian_Manifesto.htm

202 Wil Durant, “Our Oriental Heritage,” The Story of Civilization, Part 1 (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954), p. 240.

203 Morris Jastrow, “The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria,” Handbooks on the History of Religions, Vol. 2, (Boston: The Athenæum Press, 1893), pp. 601, 602. http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/20758.

204 Mindy Beltz, “Stalked,” World, November 29/December 6, 2008, p. 38.

205 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/miracle/program.html

206 Athanasius, Contra Gentes (Against the Heathen), Part III, Section 37, “The same subject continued,” http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf204.vi.ii.iii.iii.html

207 George Whitfield, Journals, p. 179; quoted in: Arnold A. Dallimore, George Whitfield – the Life and Times of the Great Evangelist if the Eighteenth-Century Revival, Vol 1, (London: Banner of Truth), p.212.

208 Hippolytus, Commentary on Daniel, II.35.8-9, quoted in: W. Brian Shelton, Martyrdom from Exegesis in Hippolytus – An Early Church Presbyter’s Commentary on Daniel (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock/Paternoster, 2008) p. 97.

209 http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Assyria/Inscrb00.html

210 http://net.bible.org/dictionary.php?dict=dictionaries&word=Nebuchadnezzar

211 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berossus

212 Edward J. Young, The Prophecy of Daniel – A Commentary (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1949), p. 111.

213 http://net.bible.org/dictionary.php?dict=dictionaries&word=Nebuchadnezzar

214 http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/President-George-W-Bush-Receives/story.aspx?guid=%7B375C7988-1926-4726-8FF5-42F7E3F06DAA%7D

215 http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/04/20020426-2.html

216 There may be evidence that Mediterranean (Phoenician, Egyptian, Greek, etc.) sailors were aware of the lands that we now call North America. This knowledge may have had wider dissemination than we know about today; http://phoenicia.org/america.html; http://paranormal.about.com/library/weekly/aa080700a.htm. It is possible that North America was closer to Europe 2,500 years ago than it is today—if the continents have been drifting apart since after the Flood. See Plato's Timaeus, usually dated c360 BC, in which he describes a land (a continent, which he calls Atlantis) beyond the Pillars of Heracles, which may be a reference to what we now call North and South America http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/timaeus.html

217 Kelly Sinoski, “Missing for days, B.C. snowboarder tells survival tale” National Post, 2009-01-02; http://www.nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=1132404

218 Aaron Klein, "Son of top Hamas leader converts to Christianity," WorldNetDaily, 2008-07-31; http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=71097

219 http://www.flowersinisrael.com/Cedruslibani_page.htm

220 http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=154&letter=N

221 John Ashton and David Down, Unwrapping the Pharaohs – How Egyptian Archaeology Confirms the Biblical Timeline (Green Forest, AR; Master Books, 2006), p. 46.

222 http://www.skanhistory.com/GILGAMESH.pdf

223 George Rawlinson , Historical illustrations of the Old Testament (Chicago: Henry and Summer, 1880), pp. 172-173;

224 H. B. Hackett, ed., Dr. William Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible (NY: Herd and Houghton, 1873), vol 3, p. 2,087; quoted from Communications on the Inscriptions of Assyria and Babylon, pages 76,77.

225 Judith Herrin, Byzantium (Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008), p. 29.

226 J. Swanson, Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains: Aramaic (Old Testament) (electronic ed.) (DBLA 10541). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc. 1997.

227 A figure of speech in which a part represents the whole (daily bread for food; a set of wheels) or a material object for its creator or a concept (e.g., the flag for the nation; an arm of the law).

228 http://www.pemberley.com/janeinfo/ppv3n48.html

229 http://www.harveybrooker.com

230 A Renaissance humanist, and although a Roman Catholic saint, may not have been a Christian.

231 http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/t/east_india_house_inscription.aspx

232 Column 7, line 32 to Column 8, line 13; http://www.bible-history.com/texts/nebuchadnezzar_2_inscription.html

233 Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, The Lives Of The Twelve Caesars, “Octavius Caesar Augustus”, para. 29; http://www.globusz.com/ebooks/TwelveCaesars/00000013.htm

234 “Abydenus was a Greek historian, and the author of a History of the Chaldeans and Assyrians, of which some fragments are preserved by Eusebius in his Praeparatio Evangelica, and by Cyril of Alexandria … He probably wrote around 200 BC and, as Cyril states, in the Ionic dialect.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abydenus

235 Megasthenes from Abydenus, quoted in Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangelica. lib. 10; http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/af/af06.htm

236 Josephus, Antiquities, book 10; chapter 11, paragraph 1; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/works/files/ant-10.htm

237 Sir H. Rawlinson quoted in: Edwards A. Park and George E. Day. eds., Bibliotheca Sacra Vol XXXI, “George H. Whittmore, Article VII, Historical Illustrations,” (New Haven, Andover, 1874) , p 172; http://www.archive.org/stream/illustrationssc00unkngoog/illustrationssc00unkngoog_djvu.txt

238 Illustrations of Scripture history, from the monuments of Egypt, Chaldæa, Assyria, & Babylonia (London, Lothian, 1866) , p 41; http://www.archive.org/stream/illustrationssc00unkngoog/illustrationssc00unkngoog_djvu.txt

239 G.F. MacLear, A Class Book of Old Testament History (London, MacMillan, 1868) , p 462; http://books.google.ca/books?id=icM2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA462&lpg=PA462&dq=examined+the+bricks+belonging+perhaps+to+a+hundred+different+towns+and+cities+in+the+neighbourhood+of+Baghdad&source=bl&ots=tCSLEI9dt3&sig=YEkRE8EWX2ik4bg4fXS_-rWs6os&hl=en&ei=VL3jSfsEn7Ix1-zZiAk&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4

240 Josephus, Antiquities, book 19; chapter 8, paragraph 2; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/works/files/ant-19.htm

241 Wil Durant, “Our Oriental Heritage,” The Story of Civilization, Part 1 (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954), p. 223.

242 Wil Durant, “Our Oriental Heritage,” The Story of Civilization, Part 1 (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954), p. 257.

243 Hughes, R. B., & Laney, J. C. (2001). Tyndale concise Bible commentary. Rev. ed. of: New Bible companion. 1990.; Includes index. The Tyndale reference library (316). Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers.

244 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_lycanthropy

245 M. Henze, The Madness of King Nebuchadnezzar: The Ancient Near Eastern Origins and Early History of Interpretation of Daniel 4. (Leiden: Brill, 1999).

246 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berossus; http://httpyavww.knight.org/cathen/02514a.htm

247 Berossus as quoted by Josephus, Of the Chaldæan Kings after Nebuchadnezzar; http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/af/af05.htm

248 Edward J. Young, The Prophecy of Daniel – A Commentary (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1949), p. 111.

249 I was unable to find, in the fragments of Berossus, any reference to a queen acting on behalf of Nebuchadnezzar near the end of his life.

250 Reference to Rawlinson’s Historical Illustrations; http://net.bible.org/dictionary.php?dict=dictionaries&word=Nebuchadnezzar

251 http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Alt/alt.talk.royalty/2005-11/msg01534.html; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerissa_Bowes-Lyon; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Bowes-Lyon

252 Mathew Henry, Matthew Henry's commentary on the whole Bible: Complete and unabridged in one volume (Da 4.33). (Peabody: Hendrickson. 1996, c1991).

253 Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion, translated by Ford Lewis Battles, edited by John T. McNeill (Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1960), book 3.2.32, p. 580.

254 Xenophon, Cyropaedia – The Education of Cyrus, book 7, chapter 5, paragraph 21. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2085/2085-h/2085-h.htm

255 http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/c/cylinder_of_nabonidus.aspx

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylinder_of_Nabonidus

256 An alternative view is that Belshazzar was already mature enough to be an officer under Neriglissar. Assuming that he was thirty in 560 BC, he would have been about fifty years old when Babylon fell in 539 BC.

257 If the ‘third year’ in the Verse Account, refers to the third year of his reign; although some place his departure in 549 BC.

258 http://www.livius.org/ct-cz/cyrus_I/babylon03.html

259 http://www.livius.org/ct-cz/cyrus_I/babylon03.html

260 Or 5 years old, or 33-35 years old, depending on how one interprets the history of this period.

261 Calvin, Commentaries on the Book of the Prophet Daniel; http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/calcom24.i.html

262 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ng99hnxQmoI

263 http://www.aclu.org/religion/public/index.html

264 http://www.metunited.org/node/9

265 John Berman, Ethan Nelson and Karson Yiu, "Reject God: Take the Blasphemy Challenge" ABC News, 2009-06-14; http://a.abcnews.com/m/screen?id=2833103&pid=574

266 Al Wolters, Wordplay and History in Daniel 5, a lecture presented at Living Waters from Ancient Springs, a conference in honour of Dr. Cornelis Van Dam on the occasion of his retirement – First Annual Canadian Reformed Theological Seminary Lecture Series, 2011-01-07.

267 Joshua Berman, Created Equal (Oxford University Press, 2008), pp.110-114.

268 Donald Polaski, "Mene, Mene Tekel, Parsin: Writing and Resistance in Daniel 5 and 6," Journal of Biblical Literature, 123/4 (2004), 649-69.

269 “The Writing on the Wall,” Economist, 2009-05-09, p. 35.

270 R. J. Forbes, Studies in Ancient Technology (Leiden and Boston : Brill Academic Publishers, 1956; reprint 1987), vol. 4, pg. 118; http://books.google.com/books?id=Zc43AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0

271 Julius Pollux (2^nd c AD) was from northern Egypt and taught rhetoric at Athens, in the Academy created by Emperor Commodus. He wrote the Onomasticon, a dictionary of Greek (Attic) words and phrases, arranged by subject-matter. In the Omomasticon, he reports the legend of the discovery of the purple dye. See for example, George Rawlinson, Henry Rawlinson, and John Wilkinson, History of Herodotus (London, 1880), Book 3, p 420; http://books.google.com/books?id=bBkGAAAAQAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 or

272 J.M. Good, O. Gregory, and N Bosworth, Pantologia. A new Cabinet Cyclopædia (London, 1819), vol 11, SPA – TZE, Tyrian Purple; http://books.google.com/books?id=72vgv4yVQOAC&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0

273 http://www.umsl.edu/~schreyerk/index.html

274 David Instone Brewer, “MENE MENE TEQEL UPARSIN: Daniel 5:25 in Cuneiform,” Tyndale Bulletin 42.2 (Nov. 1991) 310-316; http://98.131.162.170//tynbul/library/TynBull_1991_42_2_08_Brewer_MeneMeneTekel_Dan5.pdf