Week 4: US Army
-
Mission: consists of four preceps:
-
Preserve peace and security while defending the US and its territories, commonwealths, possessions, and areas it occupies
-
Support national policies
-
Implement national objectives
-
Overcome nations that commit aggressive acts that imperil US peace and security
-
Purpose
-
Fight and win our nation’s wars
-
Provide land force dominance
-
Deterrence through overseas force protection
-
Vision – be the world’s best army
-
Values-based organization
-
Integral part of the joint team
-
Equipped with the most modern equipment and weapons
-
Changing to meet new challenges
-
History
-
Created June 14, 1775 by the Continental Congress
-
Raised 10 companies of riflemen
-
Approved enlistment method
-
Appointed committee to draft Army regulations
-
Defeated the British at Yorktown in 1783 Led to the Treaty of Paris and US independence
-
Campaigns
-
Revolutionary War
-
War of 1812
-
Mexican War
-
Civil War
-
Spanish War
-
China Relief Expedition
-
Philippine Insurrection
-
WWI
-
WWII
-
Korean War
-
Vietnam
-
Desert Storm
-
Desert Shield
-
Joint Missions
-
Operation PROVIDE COMFORT (Iraq)
-
Operation RESTORE HOPE (Somalia)
-
Operation JOINT ENDEAVOR (Bosnia)
-
Operation ENDURING FREEDOM (Afghanistan)
-
Organization
-
Two Components
-
Active – full-time soldiers and civilians under the Dept. of the Army Number of these determined annually by Congress
-
Reserve
-
US Army Reserve – resources needed to deploy overseas for combat; main source of support and combat service support units
-
Army National Guard
-
Federal Role – provide trained forces for quick mobilization
-
State Role – commanded by governor and provides trained forces for domestic emergencies
-
Three War Fighting Communities
-
Combat Arms – main war-fighting branch; equivalent to Navy’s unrestricted line
-
Air Defense, Armor, Aviation, Engineer, Field Artillery, Infantry, Special Forces (7)
-
Combat Support – supports combat arms; equivalent to Navy’s restricted line
-
Chemical Corps, Military Intelligence, Military Police, Signal Corps (4)
-
Combat Service Support – support for prolonged combat operations; equivalent to Navy’s Staff Corps
-
Adjutant General Corps, Chaplain Corps, Finance Corps, JAG, Medical Corps, Ordnance, Quartermaster, Transportation (8)
-
Unit Organization (smallest to biggest)
-
Squad – 8 to 10 soldiers; led by E5
-
Platoon – 4 squads; led by O1 / O2
-
Company – 4 platoons; led by O3 … biggest unit with a single individual in charge of all command responsibilities
-
Battalion – 4 companies; led by O5 and a HQ element
-
Brigade – 4 battalions; led by O6 + HQ … an enhanced Brigade has additional attachments
-
Division – 3 to 4 brigades + support units; commanded by O8 … 10 Active Divisions
-
1st Armored – Bad Kreuznach, Germany
-
1st Cavalry – Ft. Hood, TX
-
1st Infantry – Wurzburg Germany
-
2nd Infantry – Uijonbu, South Korea
-
3rd Infantry – Ft. Stewart, GA
-
4th Infantry – Ft. Hood, TX
-
25th Infantry – Schofield Barracks, HI
-
10th Mountain – Ft. Drum, NY
-
82nd Airborne – Ft. Bragg, NC
-
101st Airborne – Ft. Campbell, KY
-
Division Types (5)
-
Armored – trained to dominate battlefield maneuvers (Ex: 1st Armored)
-
Airborne – infantry focus on immediate, large-scale deployment; can secure objectives in any weather (Ex: 101st Airborne)
-
Air Assault – infantry which attack with helos; rapidly deploy over great distance to attack flanks, rear (Ex: 101st Airborne)
-
Light – infantry which operate effectively in restricted terrain and weather; quickly infiltrate enemy lines (Ex: 10th Mountain)
-
Mechanized – infantry trained to defeat armor units through cooperation with friendly tanks; use M2/M3 tank (Ex:1st Infantry)
-
Corps – 2 to 4 divisions + support units; commanded by O9 … 4 Active Corps:
-
I Corps – Ft. Lewis, WA 2) III Corps – Ft. Hood, TX
-
V Corps – Heidelberg, Germany 4) XVII Corps – Ft. Bragg, NC
-
Officer Accession
-
Must have a 4-year degree from an accredited university
-
Goes through ROTC, West Point, or enlisted commissioning program
-
ROTC officers take ROTC labs and military science courses
-
Two-year college ROTC officers attend Basic Camp at Ft. Know, KY one summer
-
Prior enlisted in ROTC do not have to do Basic Camp
-
Between 3rd and 4th year of college – Advanced Camp in Ft. Lewis, WA
-
Squad tactics
-
Evaluated on leadership abilities
-
ROTC receive commission after graduation (or after Advanced Camp if they wait to do Advanced Camp until after graduation)
-
Post Advanced Camp – Officer chooses a specialty and then attend Officer Basic Course (OBC) for their specialty
-
USMA – West Point
-
Mission: To educate, train, and inspire the Corps of Cadets so that each graduate is a commissioned leader of character committed to the values of Duty, Honor, Country; professional growth throughout a career as an officer in the United States Army; and a lifetime of selfless service to the nation.
-
History – Pres. Jefferson signed legislation to create USMA in 1802 … Goals: end US reliance on foreign engineers and artillerists
-
Father of USMA Col. Sylvanus Thayer – Sup from 1817 – 1833
-
Made civil engineering base of curriculum
-
Early Graduates
-
In charge of building the nation’s roads and bridges
-
Distinguished themselves in Mexican and Indian wars
-
High ranks on both sides of Civil War
-
Alumni: Generals Grant, Jackson, Lee, Sherman
-
Iran and Iraq – past weeks it has been broad concepts, so just read the article over
-
1st LT Renneman – class of ’51 USNA (6’ 7” – too tall for USN so he opted to transferred to Army)
-
Played tackle in 1950 and beat the 48-game winning streak Army team that was expected to crush them
-
Korea; in charge of a Rifle Platoon: 7th Division 17th Infantry Regiment (Buffaloes) 3rd Battalion (Blue Buffaloes) K Company
-
Stationed in Chorwon with Kumwah Valley; Patrols constantly harassed by hills bunkered in Hill 202
-
He was ordered to take the hill with his platoon; had no tank support because of heavy mist
-
He led the charge into heavy small arms fire and grenades; LT Renneman picked up the grenades and threw them back
-
and fell; his body could not be recovered
-
The next day his body was recovered and it had been cleaned and left otherwise untouched – very unusual
-
A note was on his body praising his valor from the Chinese (or asking for nine of their men in exchange)
-
Awarded highest Army award
Platforms
|
M2/M3 Bradley
|
M270 MLRS
|
AH-64 Apache
|
UH-60 Black Hawk
|
OH-58 Kiowa Warrior
|
Mission
|
mobile protected transport and cavalry scout missions
|
all-weather, indirect, area fire weapon system
|
of high-value targets with the HELLFIRE missile
|
front-line utility helo for air assault /cavalry and med evac
|
armed reconnaissance helicopter
|
Weapons
|
25mm chain gun
7.62mm machine gun
TOW twin-tube missile
launcher
|
12 Rockets
Note: MLRS = Multiple Launch Rocket System
|
M230 30mm gun
70mm Hydra Rockets
AGM-114 Hellfire
AGM-122 Sidearm
AIM-9 Sidewinder
|
2xM60D 7.62mm
machine gun
|
.50 cal machine gun
70mm Hyrda rockets
AGM-114 Hellfire
STINGERs
|
Crew
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
3 + 11 armed soldiers
|
2
|
Speed
|
45mph
|
64 kmph (max)
|
150 knots
|
142 knots
|
80 / 125 knots
|
Visual ID
|
|
|
|
|
|
|