Magnoliaceae the magnolia family General: 100, primative, woody Leaves
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Magnoliaceae - the magnolia family General: 100, primative, woody Leaves: simple, spirally arranged, evergreen, stipulate (enclosed bud & girdles twig) Inflor: solitary, terminal, long axis Flower: large, regular, undifferentiated perianth, apocarpal 3-many = 3-many = many = many //spiral, filament short, broad flat connective/spiral, apocarpal, purse-like marginal placentation
Magnoliaceae Magnolia (#90B) Malvaceae - the mallow family General: 1500, diverse habit Leaves: alternate spiral, simple, stipulate, narrow Inflor: bracteate (often pseudocalyx), axillary, often cyme Flower: regular, complete [5] = {5}> = [many] = [(3-)5(-10)] valvate in bud/often large, imbricate/monodelphous, unilocular/superior; branched, disks at stigma
Malvaceae Hibiscus syriacus (#91A) "Rose of Sharon" Oleaceae - the olive family General: 500, mostly woody, flattened nodes Leaves: opposite, simple or comp., evergreen or decid. Inflor: cyme or thyrse (cymose panacle) Flower: regular, most perfect, very fragrant [4] = [(0-)4]> = 2 = [2] /connate at base/epipetalous, clamped to style/superior, axile, 2 ovules per locule
Oleaceae
Chionanthus virginicus (#99A) "Grandpa's beard" Fabaceae - the legume family General: largest dicot family, all habits Leaves: alternate, simple or compound, stipulate, pulviner swelling at petiole base Inflor: varous Flower: perfect or monoecious or dioecious, often papillionaceous [(4-)5] = {(0-)5} = {(5-)10(-many)} = 1 //9:1 diadelphos or distinct or monodelphos/superior,marginal placentation
Fabaceae
Robinia hispida (#85K) "bristly locust" Cannabaceae - the hemp (formerly part of Moraceae) family General: small family, herbaceous fibrous herbs or vines Leaves: alternate, palmately compound or lobed, small stipules Inflor: cymose or compact cymose panacle Flower: dioecious, male: bracts subtend flowers, female: less symmetric, 1 fused bract covers fruit male: 4(-5), female: [4(-5)] = 0 = 4(-5) = [2] //cannabinol glands on connective/superior, one ovule, short style
Cannabaceae Cannabis sativa (#95A) "marijuana" Liliaceae - the lily family General: 4000, monocot, bulbs, rhizomes, some corms, most herbs Leaves: various arrangements, usually simple, no stipules Inflor: various Flower: large, regular 3 = 3 = 6 = [3] often tepals///superior, axile placentation w/ 3 locules
Liliaceae Ornithogalum umbellatum (#161F) "star of Bethleham" Amaranthaceae - the amaranth family General: weedy plants, mostly herbs, some desert Leaves: opposite or alternate, simple, no stipules Inflor: dense panacles of cymes, globes or axillary Flower: small, "chaffy" bracts and sepals, wind pollinated, often unisexual (4-)5 = 0 = [(4-)5] = [2-3] similar to bracts//connate filaments, staminal "corona"/superior, thin walled, 1 basal ovule,
Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus (#30B) "smooth pigweed" Onagraceae - the evening primrose family General: 100s, usually herb to shrub Leaves: alternate or opposite, usually compound, no stipules Inflor: axillary cymes, panacles, "coils" Flower: most bisexual, most complete (some missing petals) [4(-5)]> = [(0,)4(-5)]> = 4(-5) or 8(-10) = [4] prominant perianth tube/zygomorphic or regular//inferior, stigma distinctly lobed Fruit: capsule, seeds >= carpels Uses: ornimental (primrose, fuschia), aquarium plants, genetic tool Onagraceae Oenothera speciosa (#100D) "white evening-primrose" Rosaceae - the rose family General: 1000's, various habits, annual/perenial, has HCN (Prunus), apomyxis common Leaves: alternate, stipules (may be decid. or spiny), usually pinnately compound Inflor: all types Flower: cup or saucer-shaped hypanthium, perianth and stamens break off rim 5 = (0,)5 = many = 1-many /large to vestigal/distinct/separate to joined, inferior to superior
Rosaceae
Rosa multiflora (#113A) "multiflora rose" Rubiaceae - the madder family General: 1000's, various habits Leaves: opposite or whorled, usually stipulate, usually entire Inflor: various, but cyme variations to panacles, solitary, heads; some brilliant bracts Flower: perfect, complete [4] = [4]> = 4 = [2] /usually regular/alternate with corolla lobes/axile, inferior
Rubiaceae Ixora coccinea (#114B) Araceae - the arum family General: 2000, herbaceous monocots or vines, look like dicots, tubors or corms Leaves: alternate, simple or compound with clasping petiole base Inflor: spadix surrounded by spathe Flower: tiny, unisex, dense, perianth reduced to scales 3-6 scales = = 2-6 = 1-several ///imbeded in spadix
Araceae
Arisaema dracontium (#154A) "green dragon" Asclepiadaceae - the milkweed family General: various habits, most herbs, milky sap Leaves: usually opposite, usually simple and entire, some chordate Inflor: umbel, some cyme or monochasium Flower: regular, complete, complex [5] = 5> = [5] = 2 connate at base/usually bright, has hoods and corona/pollen in polynia (packets)/5 stigmas, superior
Asclepiadaceae Asclepias virdis (#36F) "Ozark milkweed" Solanaceae - the nightshade family General: 3000+, all habits Leaves: alternate, no stipules, simple or deeply divided Inflor: axillary, cyme variations to solitary, helicoid Flower: perfect, regular [5] = [5]> = 5 = [2] /funnel or salverform/longit. or poricidal dehis./superior, axile (maybe false septation)
Solanaceae Physalis longifolia (#123C) "longleaf ground cherry" Apiaceae (formerly Umbelliferae) - the parsley family General: 3000+, all herbs, chr. smell Leaves: alternate, highly dissected, no stipules, clasping petiole base Inflor: simple or compound umbel often with involucre, some heads Flower: most perfect and regular [5] = 5 = 5 = 2 tiny lobes/"clawed", some cuplike//inferior, stylopodium (platform) atop ovary, 2 style branches
Apiaceae (formerly Umbelliferae) Chaerophyllum tainturieri (#133L) Campanulaceae - the bell flower family General: 1500, usually herb, some aquatic Leaves: opp,alt,basal, simple, no stipules Inflor: various Flower: regular and irregular [5]> = [5] = 5 = [2] connate/connate, some fenistrate/can be syngenesious/inferior, may be bilobed
Campanulaceae Lobelia spicata (#42C) Anacardiaceae - the cashew family General: 600,all woody,resinous bark,wood,leaves,fruit,tree / shrub Leaves: alternate, simple or pinnately compound, no stipules Inflor: cymes or pannicle of cymes,or axillary clusters Flower: complete, small, regular,usually perfect [5] = 5 = 5(-10) = [3] //off interstaminal disk/stigma usually 3 lobed,superior, 1 locule, one ovule (reduction), basal
Anacardiaceae Cotinus obovatus (#31C) "smoke tree" Chenopodiaceae - the goosefoot family General: 1000+,most succulant,dry or salt adapted Leaves: often reduced or scalelike, alternate, no stipules Inflor: cymose to panacle of cymes Flower: small 5 = 0 = 5 = 2-3 sometimes cuplike hypanthium,can be crested//opp. sepals,off rim/superior
Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium album (#47B) "lamb's quarters or pigweed" Elaeagnaceae - the oleaster family General: 45-50,woody,whole plant densly covered with lepidote (or stellate lepidote) trichomes for water conservation Leaves: simple, often entire, alt. or opp., often evergreen, no stip. Inflor: axillary clusters: umbels, cymes, or solitary Flower: very fragrent, fall blooming, perfect, regular, tubular or campanulate, small [4(-5)] = 0 = [4(-5)] or [8(-10)] = 1 may be hypanth.//off hypanthium rim, can be in 2 cycles/superior, curved stigma
Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus angustifolia (#68A) "Russian olive" Bignoniaceae - the trumpet-creeper family General: 1000, tropical, woody trees, shrubs, vines Leaves: compound, opposite or whorled, no stipules, can be converted to tendrils Inflor: axillary compound cymes, or terminal panicles Flower: often perfect, irregular, large [(2-)5] = [(2-)5]> = (5-)4-2 = 2 /bilabiate:2 upper 3 lower/often didinomous,1 stamenodia/super.,long style,2 lobed laminar stig, axile,massive central placenta
Bignoniaceae Bignonia capreolata (#39B) "cross-vine" Iridaceae - the iris family General: 1500+,monocot,mostly perenial herbs,corm,bulb,rhizome Leaves: equitant distichous, long, narrow, basal,no stipules Inflor: scapose,spathes or compounds of spathes Flower: reg or irreg,perfect, often large 3 = 3 = 3 = 3 may be tepals//epiperianth/inferior,long style,3 stigma branches,may be petaloid and showy, axile
Iridaceae Sisyrinchium albidum (#160 M) "blue-eyed grass" Ulmaceae - the elm family General: 150, woody Leaves: alternate, simple, deciduous, distichous, oblique, doubly serrate, petiolate, stipulate Inflor: various, usually axillary (cymose) Flower: unisexual or perfect, regular or irregular {4-5-12} = 0 = 4-12 = 2 //equal to sepals/superior, one ovule per carpel
Ulmaceae
Ulmus americana (#F1) "American elm" Aceraceae - the maple family General: Leaves: Inflor: Flower: = = =
/// Fruit: Uses: Aceraceae Acer rubrum (#F2) "red maple" Aceraceae - the maple family General: woody, shrubs and trees, deciduous temperate Leaves: opposite, usually simple, palmate veination, no stipules Inflor: cyme, raceme, umbel Flower: regular, functionally dioecious, monecious, or perfect [(4-)5(-8)] = 0 or (4-)5(-8) = (4-)5(-8) or (8-)10(-16) = 2 joined some at base//on a disk/2 linear stigmas on one style, lobed superior ovary, axile
Aceraceae Acer saccharinum (#F3) "silver maple" Taxaceae - the yew family General: 13, gymnosperm, woody, shrubs to small trees Leaves: alternate spiral, flattened subulate needle w/ decurrent base, appears distichous, pale stomatal bands below leaf Inflor: mostly dioecious Flower: male cone: on short shoot from round bud, produces type of lobed peltate sporophylls, female cone: bud-like "storbilis" (specialized leaf?) w/ scales, smooth tip w/ hole to emit pollination droplet = = =
/// Fruit: arilate, bright red fleshy cup around single erect ovule Uses: ornamental, high quality, pliable lumber, bows, taxol Taxaceae
Taxus (#F4) "yew"
Taxodiaceae - the bald cypress or redwood family General: 16, gymnosperm, all tree or shrub, dimorphic branches: woody and (often) decidious branchlet, no resin ducts in wood (less flamable) Leaves: short, from branchlets, bald cypress=dimorphic: spiral subulate leaves, w/compound shootlike leaves in axil which absciss Inflor: monoecious, cones sometimes aggregated like catkins, or heads Flower: male cone: peltate w/ 2-9 sporangia per scale, female cone: complex, round, (often) peltate scales, pollination droplets between scales, can be woody = = =
/// Fruit: Uses: durable insect and fungi resistant wood (redwood), also: sequoia, metasequoia Taxodiaceae Taxodium distichum (#F5) "bald cypress" Caprifoliaceae - the honeysuckle family General: all habits, most woody Leaves: opposite, simple or compound, (like Rubiaceae but) no stipules Inflor: cyme modifications (perianth of 2 flrs can be joined) Flower: regular (Viburnum) or zygomorphic (Lonicera) [5] = [5]> = 5 = 1-3-5 tube//versatile, epipetalous/inferior, stigma can be lobed, axile
Caprifoliaceae Lonicera fragrantissima (#L6) "bush honeysuckle" Scrophulariaceae - the snapdragon family General: 1000s, most herbs to woody, some parasites, stems sometimes square Leaves: alt., opp., or whorl (even same plant), simple, no stipules Inflor: cymose to solitary or thyrsiod panicle Flower: complete, often bilabiate, often reduction [5] = [5] = 2(-3)-4(-5) = [2] /but looks like 4/4 st & 1 oidia, 2 st & 2 oidia common, can be didynamous/superior, equally bilobed stigma (cf mints), axile
Scrophulariaceae Veronica hederaefolia (#L7) "ivy-leaved speedwell" Juncaceae - the rush family General: 400, monocot, herbaceous, wet systems (coastal salt),stem flat or round c.s., spongy internal tissue for O2 Leaves: basal or caulescent alt. spiral w/ sheathing, nodoseptate Inflor: cyme or panicle of cymes, often involucral bract (prophyll) Flower: small, chaffy, perfect 3 = 3 = 3-6 = [3] tepals//basifixed/superior, 3 branched stigma, parietal
Juncaceae Juncus bufonius (#160L) "toad rush" Poaceae - the grass family General: monocot, most herbs here, most important family, culm (stem) hollow except at swollen nodes Leaves: alternate, narrow, linear, distichous, sheath around stem Inflor: florets grouped into spiklet into pannicles to heads Flower: perfect, surrounded by lemma and palea (bracts) 0 = 0 = 3(,6) = [2] tiny scale-like lodicules//look versitile but actually deeply saggitate basal/superior with 2 pilose style branches
Poaceae
Arundinaria gigantea (#169A) "giant cane" Melastomataceae - the melastome family General: 5000, all habits, has all kinds of trichomes (hairs) in family, stems often angled Leaves: opposite, decussate, simple, arcuate veins (3 parallel, monocot look), no evident stipules Inflor: cyme, often bracteate monochasium (1 terminal, 1 lateral) Flower: complete, regular, flask hypanthium w/ parts off rim 4-5 = 4-5 = 8-10 = [4-5] /oblique (fan blades)/poricidal/some sup. some infer., capitate stigma, axile
Melastomataceae Rexia mariana (#92B) "dull meadow-pitcher" Orchidaceae - the orchid family General: monocot, huge family (10% of angisp), most herbs, diverse roots, can be epiphyte, needs mycorrhizae Leaves: mostly alternate, pseudobulb (partly stem) Inflor: solitary or elaborate panicles Flower: zygomorphic, often with "spur" (nectar), everything fused [3]> = [3]> = [1-2]> = [3] two lateral, one "hood"/two small, one colorful "labium"/have pollenia/fused with stamens to form column
Orchidaceae Encyclia tampensis (#163A) Loganiaceae - the strychnine family General: all habits, poisonous (can kill non-adapted pollinators) Leaves: opposite, simple, small inconspicuous stipules, arcuate (parallel) venation, typically decussate Inflor: cymes, panicles, or solitary Flower: bracteolate, regular, complete, bisexual [5] = [5]> = 5 = [2] connate at base/urceolate-funnelform-tubular/adenate low/superior, axile, 1 style splits to 2 branches
Loganiaceae Gelsemium sempervirens (#88B) "yellow jessamine" Euphorbiaceae - the spurge family General: all habits, some cacti, irrit. milky latex (lacticifers) Leaves: alternate spiral (some opp. or whor.), simple (some comp), maybe wierd stipules (glands, scales, etc.) Inflor: cyme Flower: primative=complete (5merous), or specialized (some unisex), cyathia (inflor. cup w/glands) w/ many male & 1 female "flr" (4-)5 = {(4-)5} = 5-10 = 3 anything goes/anything goes//superior, one ovule per carpel
Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia cyparissias (#71M) "cypress spurge" Xyridaceae - the yellow-eyed grass family General: monocot, wetlands Leaves: rosulate, equitant distichous Inflor: conelike on scape, flr pushes out from bract-scale Flower: 3 = 3> = 3 = [3] 2 boat shaped, 1 membranous//also 3 stamenodia/superior
Xyridaceae Xyris ambigua (#180H) "yellow-eyed grass" Cyperaceae - the sedge family General: monocot, all herbs, grasslike, solid culms: triangular, angled or ribbed Leaves: polystichous (usually 3 ranked) with closed sheath @internode, sometimes reduced blade, rhyzome common rootstock Inflor: often glommerule in spiklet, subten. scales (bracts), spiral Flower: reduced, often unisex (no palea) 6 = 0 = (1-)3,6 = 2-3 2x3 perianth bristles or scales//basifixed/sup., 2-3 cleft style
Cyperaceae Scirpus pendulus (#157B) "bulrush" Convolvulaceae - the morning glory family General: 1000+, all habits, vines here, some parasitic (dodder), most herbs Leaves: alt, simple, can be quite lobed, no stipules, many w/milky latex, internal phloem Inflor: solitary to others, axillary Flower: regular, perfect, salver-/funnelform or rotate [(4-)5] = [(4-)5]> = (4-)5 = 2 united at base/plicate (pleated)//superior, axile, styles distinct to branched to lobed
Convolvulaceae Convolvulus arvensis (#60B) "field bindweed" Plantaginaceae - the plantain family General: herb, annual or perennial Leaves: basal rosette, no stipules Inflor: terminal spike Flower: bracteate and chaffy, regular, bisexual 5 = 5> = [5] = [2] green/papery, tubular-salverform//superior, axile
Plantaginaceae Plantago virginica (#104B) "dwarf plantain" Asteraceae - the sunflower family General: 5000, largest dicot fam., all habits, all hymonop. pollen. Leaves: opp. or alt., simple or cmpd Inflor: involucrate head, phyllaries=bracts in 1+ series Flower: ligules (ray flrs=zygomor.) & disc flrs.= tubular 5-many = [5] = [5] = 2 pappus spines, scales, or hairs//syngenecious but free filaments/inferior Fruit: achene Uses: food: oil (sunflr), leaves (lettuce, dandel.) + chickory, aster, marigold, ragweed, mum, Solidago, daisy, bur, thistle Asteraceae Gaillardia pulchella (#53E) "rosering blanket-flower" Portulacaceae - the purslane family General: small fam., widespread, herbs, annual or per, many succulant (CAM) Leaves: alt or opp, no stipules Inflor: solitary, scorpioid, to cyme panicle Flower: regular 2 = (4-)5(-many) = {5-10(-many)} = [3-5] /distinct/may be fused in groups/style branches, superior, free-central or basal Fruit: equitorial dehiscing pyxis or utricle Uses: ornimental (Claytonia= also edible) Portulacaceae Claytonia virginica (#L8) "spring beauty" Ranunculaceae - the buttercup family General: 1500, ann or per, all herbs (except yellow root) Leaves: rosulate or alternate, simple or comp, stipules rare Inflor: solitary to panicle, cyme, raceme Flower: bisexual, regular or zygo, some calcarate, long floral axis, bracteal w/ short pedicel, no hypanthium (cf Rosaceae) (0 or) 5 = 5 = many = many may be tepaloid or perianth scales/central nectary at base//superior, distinct carpels
Ranunculaceae Hepatica acutiloba (#L9) "sharp-lobed hepatica" Papaveraceae - the poppy family General: 250, herbs, can be aspect dom., colored sap Leaves: basal or alt if cauline, simple (lobed) or compound, no stipules Inflor: solitary, panicle, or cyme Flower: regular, bisexual, complete 2 = cycles of 4 = many = [2(-many)] fugaceous (drop early so check bud)///parietal plac. or unilocular
Papaveraceae Sanguinaria canadensis (#L10) "bloodroot" Violaceae - the violet family General: ann or peren, herbs here Leaves: alternate or basal rosette, stipules Inflor: axillary to leaves Flower: zygomorphic: upside-down papill., chasmogamous w/UV and guides, then cleistogamous (selfing, closed flr, more seeds) 5 = 5 = 5 = 3 unequal, auricle base/lower spur with nectar, beard/spur, connivant/super., parietal, geniculate (bent) style, 3 lobe stigma Fruit: capsule Uses: ornamental (violets, pansies) Violaceae Viola rafenescii (#L11) "wild pansy" Caryophyllaceae - the carnation or pink family General: big family, herbs, prefer cool climates (e.g. alpine) Leaves: opposite, simple, stipules or none Inflor: cymose to panicle Flower: regular, usually perfect {(4-)5} = 0,5 = 5-10 = 3(-5) /appendages common(i.e. claw or ligule), may be deeply divided or jagged/may be petalloid/superior, free central basal, branched stigma
Caryophyllaceae Stellaria media (#L12) "common chickweed" Boraginaceae - the borage family General: large, all habits, many coarsely hairy, stem round c.s., (no unequal forked stigma like mints) Leaves: alternate, simple, may be lobed, no stipules Inflor: helicoid cyme or monochasium Flower: regular, bisexual, rotate or salverform [5] = [5]> = 5 = [2] //"faucal" appendages common/"gynobasic" style (to receptacle), deeply 4 lobed, basal axile
Boraginaceae Mertensia virginica (#L13) "eastern or Virginia bluebell" Brassicaceae - the mustard or crucifer family General: 1000's, all herbs, various habits, prefer cool Leaves: basal or alt., simple, lobed (maybe deeply), no stipules Inflor: racemes Flower: 4 = 4 = 6 = [2] separate/yellow, often clawed (narrow @base)/tetradynamous/superior, often stipitate, septum in a frame (replum)
Brassicaceae Dentaria laciniata (#L14) "cutleaf toothwort (a.k.a. Cardamine concatenata)" Berberidaceae - the barberry family General: small fam., all habits Leaves: basal, alt, simple to ternately comp., sometimes stipules, petiole dilated and clasping Inflor: solitary, cyme, raceme, panicle Flower: symmetric, bisexual 4 = 4-12 = 4-many = 4+ fugaceous (drop off)/cycles of 4/x4, valvular dehiscence/superior, large spongy sessile stigma, 1 locule
Berberidaceae Jeffersonia diphylla (#L15) "twin-leaf" Lauraceae - the laurel family General: woody, aromatic, volatile oils Leaves: alt, simple, entire, may be lobed, no stipules Inflor: axillary or terminal cyme to panicle Flower: small, often unisex, lemon smell 6(-9-12) = 0 = 6-12 = 1 yellowish in 3s//in 3s, fleshy bilobed functional & oidia, valvular dehis/superior, 1 ovule, may have stamenoidia Fruit: drupe Uses: avacodo, cinnamon, root beer, roux, trop. hardwd. also Sassafras Lauraceae Lindera benzoin (#L16) "spicebush" Apocyanaceae - the dogbane family General: large fam, ann or peren, all habits, milky latex (alkaloids) Leaves: opposite, simple, no stipules (hard to see, w/ colleter=mucilage-secreting trichome) Inflor: bracteate cyme to solitary to panicle Flower: like Asclepius, regular, prefect [5] = [5]> = 5 = 2 /salverform or rotate,lobe tips oblique, hairs or bristles around throat/well up on corolla, apendages between them/apocarpous, sup., fleshy bilobed disc, 1 style, annulus disk around stigma
Apocyanaceae Vinca minor (#L17) "periwinkle" Lamiaceae - the mint family General: large fam,most herbs,can be woody, aromatic, quadrate stems Leaves: opposite, simple or comp, no stipules Inflor: cyme to thyrse in verticil (whorl of bracteal leaves) Flower: most zygomorphic [5] = [5] = 4 = [2] bilabiate or reg/bilabiate (lower 3, upper 2), few regular/didynamous, clamp each other, can be diadelphos/sup, gynobasic style, unequal forked stigma, deeply 4 lobed, 2 ovule per carp
Lamiaceae Lamium purpurea (#L18) "red dead nettle" Thymelaeaceae - the mezereum family General: one native in N. America, leathery and rubbery Leaves: alternate, simple, no stipules Inflor: cymose or less Flower: regular, bisexual, long tubular hypanthium [4] = 0 = 8 = 1 not countable/maybe trace of 4/in 2 cycles off rim of hyp/superior, maybe vestigal 2nd branch
Thymelaeaceae Dirca palustris (#L19) "leatherwood" Saxifragaceae - the saxifrage family General: large, often rocky habitat, ann/per, shrub/herb, like Rosaceae Leaves: rosulate, some opp or alt cauline, no stipules (cf rose) Inflor: cyme+ Flower: regular, bisexual, hypanthium [5] = (0-)5 = 10 = 2 //fewer than Rosaceae/distinct, style "horns", superior to inferior
Saxifragaceae Saxifraga virginiensis (#L20) "early saxifrage" Fumariaceae - the fumitory family General: small fam., all herbs, few vines Leaves: very dissected, often basal Inflor: raceme Flower: always flattened and bilaterally symmetric 2 = [4] = 6 = [2] small, scale-like/2 cucullate (hood) & spurred,2 connivant/diadelphos/superior, 2 stigma lobes, parietal
Fumariaceae Dicentra cucullaria (#L21) "dutchman's breeches" Polemoniaceae - the phlox family General: most herbs, few shrubs Leaves: opp or alt, simp or comp, no stipules Inflor: cyme to panicle or axillary Flower: regular, bisex [5] = [5]> = 5 = [3] /campanulate, rotate, or salverform/uneven attachment/superior, 3 lobed or branched stigma, parietal
Polemoniaceae Phlox divaricata (#L22) "forest phlox" Betulaceae - the birch family General: c. 200, woody, some aromatic bark Leaves: simple, alt, serrate, stipules Inflor: monoecious, solitary to 2-4 per bract, males in catkins Flower: female 3 naked ovaries with involucral bract 0 = = 2-20 = [2] ///inferior
Betulaceae Betula nigra (#L23) "river birch" Fagaceae - the beech family General: 100's, woody, most monoecious Leaves: alternate, sinple, stipulate (deciduous) Inflor: catkins or heads Flower: unisexual 4-8 = 0 = 4-20 = [3 or 6] very reduced perianth///inferior, 1 naked ovary with involucral bract
Fagaceae
Quercus shumardii (#L24) "Shumard oak" Hamamelidaceae - the witch hazel family General: 100, woody, shrubs or trees Leaves: alt, simple, deciduous, stipules Inflor: cyme Flower: perfect or monoecious, receptacle+perianth into cup (0-)4 = (0-)4 = 4-8 = [2] off hypanthium/off hypan, male=reduced tepals/1 cycle/ inferior, hornlike style branches
Hamamelidaceae Liquidambar styraciflua (#L25) "sweet gum" Pinaceae - the pine family General: largest gymno. family Leaves: spiral, needle, evergreen (except larch), some dimorphism Inflor: males catkinlike, female cones Flower: monoecious = = =
//microsporophyls laterally on scales, winged pollen/spirally arranged scales Fruit: 2 inverted ovules per scale, winged seed Uses: lumber, paper, ornament Pinaceae
Tsuga canadensis (#L26) "eastern hemlock" Ericaceae - the heath family General: woody, acidic soils only, mycorrhizal assn. Leaves: alt, simple, no stipules, decid. or many evergreen Inflor: racemes, panacles, corymbs Flower: perfect, reg. or zygomorphic [4-5] = [4-5] = 4-5 or 8,10 = [4-5 or 8,10] //poricidal or appendages/superior or inferior
Ericaceae Rhododendron (#L27) "rhododendron" Styracaceae - the storax family General: medium, stellate hairs, chambered pith Leaves: alt, simple, serrate, no stipules Inflor: raceme Flower: regular, bisexual [4-5] = {4-5}> = [8,10] = [4-5] //united at base of filaments/inferior, axile, style long and straight
Styracaceae Halesia tetraptera (#L28) "silver-bell tree" Cornaceae - the dogwood family General: woody Leaves: opposite, simple, entire, no stipules, arcuate veins Inflor: cymose to head (large involucral bracts) Flower: disk between base of ovary and stamens [4] = [4] = 4 = [2-4] /barely connate at base//
Cornaceae Cornus florida (#L29) "flowering dogwood" Aquifoliaceae - the holly family General: 200, all woody Leaves: altername, simple, decid or evergreen, no stipules Inflor: axillary cyme to panacle or solitary Flower: some dioecious [3-6] = 3-6 = 3-6 = 3-6 //same as sepals/superior, fleshy with big sessile stigma
Aquifoliaceae Ilex cornuta (#L30) "a holly" Isoetaceae - the quillwort family General: a "fern ally", sporangia in spoon-shaped corms below ground in wet areas Leaves: hollow, filiform Inflor: megasporangia in outer corm leaves, microsporangia in inner Flower: = = =
/// Fruit: Uses: ? Isoetaceae Isoetes butleri (#L31) "Butler's quillwort" Hippocastanaceae - the horse chestnut family General: woody, resinous bud or bark Leaves: opposite, palmately compound, no stipules Inflor: terminal racemes, spikes, or thyrse Flower: asymmetric, polygamo-dioecious (nearly dioe. but some perfect) [4-5] = (4-)5 = 4-5;8,10 = 3 unequal/clawed, very unequal/from extrastaminal disk/superior, disk around ovary, long style, axile
Hippocastanaceae Aesculus glabra (#L32) "Ohio buckeye" Celastraceae - the staff tree family General: 1000, woody, shrubs Leaves: opp or alt, simple, vestigial stipules Inflor: cyme to solitary Flower: symmetric, perfect, looks smashed [4(-5)] = 4(-5) = 4(-5) = 3(-5) joined at base//from a disk/superior, disk around ovary base, axile
Celastraceae Euonymus alatus (#L33) "winged burning-bush" Polygonaceae - the knotweed,smartweed,buckwheat family General: big fam.,all habits, shoots swollen at nodes Leaves: alt, simp, ent, papery sheathing stip, claspoing pet base Inflor: cymes, abundant flowers Flower: dioecious, monoecious, or perfect, always small, symmetric [5-6] = 0 = 5-6 = 2-3 tepals, connate @base, 2 cycles, 1st set can be crested with glands//off base of tube, opp. sepals/superior, 2-3 style branches with fuzzy tips, basal
Polygonaceae Rumex acetosella (#L34) "red sorrel" Annonaceae - the custard apple family General: 1000's, woody, most tropical, aromatic twigs & leaves Leaves: alt, simple, no stipules, entire, deciduous, naked buds Inflor: 1-2 in leaf axils Flower: regular, bisexual 3 = 6 = many = 3-12-many off very expanded receptacle=torus/2 whorls, inner fleshy with glandular nectary="corrugated zone"/ball-like mass surrounding torus/superior, apocarpous, marginal Fruit: berry or aggr (syncarp),seeds w/ruminant (layered) endosperm Uses: food (paw-paw, guanabana), ornamental flowers Annonaceae Asimina triloba (#L35) "paw-paw" |