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Harvard fall tournament 2006 round twelve


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HARVARD FALL TOURNAMENT 2006

ROUND TWELVE


1. This 1774 winner of the Prix de Rome made many trips to Italy, which resulted in a masterpiece depicting a story by Livy in which triplet brothers from Alba Longa would duel triplet brothers from Rome. Later, he was a supporter of Robespierre and painted a work depicting the result of actions of Charlotte Corday, in which the titular figure is slumped over dead in his bathtub. Other works of his included Pope Pius VII, Napoleon Crossing the Alps, and The Death of Socrates. FTP, name this Neoclassical painter of The Death of Marat, and The Oath of the Horatii.
ANSWER: Jacques-Louis David
2. During this battle, Milos Obilic went into the tent of Sultan Murad I, posing as a traitor and offering his loyalty. As he pledged allegiance, he stood up and murdered the Sultan with his dagger. Other than the Sultan’s murder, the battle had little real outcome other than bloodshed on both sides. Fought at the so-called “Field of Blackbirds,” this was, FTP, what 1389 battle between the Serbs and Ottomans that shares its name with a volatile political unit and former site of ethnic cleaning with its capital at Pristina and which is still controlled by Serbia?
ANSWER: Battle of Kosovo
3. In 1964, she married Hugo van Lawick, a Dutch photographer, whom she had met while he was covering her for a National Geographic article on Gombe [GOM-BEE]. She had waited tables in England to earn the money for a passage to Africa, where she became a secretary to Louis Leakey. Leakey sent her to Gombe on a special project to study a particular animal in the wild, which she has continued to study, showing for the first time that it eats meat, uses deliberate planning, fights wars, adopts babies, and is susceptible to polio. FTP, name this famous researcher of chimpanzees.
ANSWER: Jane Goodall
4. His father Henry and an unidentified man described only by his “Owl-Eyes” are the only people to attend his funeral. He took a janitorial job to pay his way at St. Olaf’s College but dropped out after just two weeks. He enlisted in World War I, and attended Oxford after the war. His friends Klipspringer and Meyer Wolfshiem abandon him after his death. He is killed by George Wilson, who learns that he is the owner of the yellow car that killed George’s wife, Myrtle. FTP, name this West Egg inhabitant, friend of Nick Carraway and lover of Daisy Buchanan, the title character in a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald.

ANSWER: Jay Gatsby (accept The Great Gatsby; accept Jay Gatz)



5. The first white-eyed mutant of this genus was discovered in 1910, four years after it had first figured in the research of Thomas Hunt Morgan, who used it to discover exceptions to Gregor Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment. One advantage of using these organisms is that they have three pairs of autosomes as well as two sex chromosomes, all of which are visible with a light microscope. Another benefit is that, like many other insects, they produce a new generation every two weeks. FTP, name this genus of fruit flies, a common test subject in genetics.
ANSWER: Drosophila (prompt on fruit flies on early buzz)
6. His injury in 1954 allowed Hank Aaron to make the starting lineup of the Milwaukee Braves, but he is better known as part of another team, when he was famously described by Russ Hodges like this: “Billy Cox is playing him right on the third base line…One out, last of the ninth…Branca pitches and [he] takes a strike call on the inside corner…Brooklyn leads it 4-2…Branca throws…There’s a long drive…It’s gonna be…I believe…THE GIANTS WIN THE PENNANT!” FTP, name the outfielder who hit that legendary “shot heard ‘round the world” home run for the New York Giants in 1951.
ANSWER: Bobby Thomson
7. The carbon-oxygen bond in carbon monoxide contains one of these in addition to two normal covalent bonds, and molecules that contain them are called adducts and have atoms with formal charges. One of the nitrogen-hydrogen bonds in the ammonium ion is also of this type, since nitrogen has five valence electrons and thus must use its lone pair to bond with the proton. One is often formed when a Lewis base donates two electrons to a Lewis acid and the two molecules bond to form an adduct. FTP, identify this type of covalent bond in which the shared electrons come from only one of the two atoms.
ANSWER: coordinate covalent bond (prompt on covalent bond; accept dative covalent bond)
8. The victorious commander at this battle stood on Copenhagen, his favorite horse, and waved his hat as the signal for a general advance, but the Imperial Guard stood its ground, however, prompting the famous retort, “La Garde meurt, elle ne se rend pas!” Ironically, at the same time, the Prussians were finally succeeding in driving another contingent of the Imperial Guard out of the church and cemetery to the east. The end of the battle was signified when Blücher and Wellington met at La Belle Alliance, which had been Napoleon’s headquarters. FTP, name this final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte.
ANSWER: Battle of Waterloo
9. The most recognizable character from this work learns how to talk by whispering through a crack in the wall with a peasant family, and he is later spotted at various points on the Mer de Glace in the Alps and in the morning opposite the title character’s bed. This novel begins with the story of Captain Walton, who is sailing across the Arctic Circle, where Victor comes aboard the ship and begins to tell a story. Written in Lord Byron’s villa and subtitled “The Modern Prometheus,” it was probably extensively edited by the author’s husband Percy. FTP, identify this famous science fiction novel about a manmade creature, the most famous work of Mary Shelley.
ANSWER: Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus
10. In 1992 he suspended congress and the courts, declaring emergency rule necessary to combat corruption and terrorism. His only major competition in a boycotted election that year came from his wife, who got mad at him, got divorced, and ran for president. In 2000, after a series of controversies over rigged elections, he resigned while traveling in Japan and remained there in exile. Nevertheless, the Peruvian congress and courts charged him with dereliction of duty for failing to return. FTP, name this former president of Peru, the son of Japanese immigrants.
ANSWER: Alberto Fujimori
11. It was outlined in a June 1742 letter to Leonard Euler in which its namesake offered as evidence the following equations: 2 + 2 = 4. 3 + 3 = 6. 3 + 5 = 8. Ten can be written as both the sum of three and seven and the sum of five and five. The original problem stated that every integer greater than five was the sum of three primes, but one is no longer considered a prime number. Euler immediately recognized its more famous formulation. FTP, identify this as yet unproven conjecture that states that every even integer greater than two is the sum of two primes.
ANSWER: Goldbach Conjecture
12. Marco Polo noted two Middle Eastern varieties, the Armenian ghilan and the Persian yazdi, in his Travels. By the end of the 19th century, its production accounted for the vast majority of Lebanon’s economy, a fact that lead to economic downturn when Europeans increased their trade with Japan. The secrets of its production had first come to Europe around 550 AD when two Nestorian monks smuggled the necessary materials out of China, but its production remained centered in East Asia. FTP, name this product produced by certain worms that feed on mulberry leaves.
ANSWER: silk
13. This word once referred to members of a group from Birmingham, England, that included James Watt, Erasmus Darwin, Josiah Wedgewood, and Joseph Priestly because their meeting times were determined by a certain celestial event. Recent research suggests that bipolar patients were often classified by this term before the introduction of electric lights because of the effects of light at the middle of the night. In 1913, Theodore Roosevelt coined a new phrase when he referred to radicals as this kind of “fringe.” FTP, what is this word that means “affected with periodic insanity, dependent on the changes of the moon”?
ANSWER: Lunatic
14. It joins the Gunnison River at Grand Junction and the Green River at Moab, and it is dammed at Glen Canyon to form Lake Powell. That dam was heavily criticized by Edward Abbey in The Monkey Wrench Gang because it slowed down the flow of water, which was further depleted by aqueducts running to Phoenix, San Diego, and Los Angeles, reducing the amount of water flowing to the Gulf of California to just a triple. Dammed by the Hoover Dam, this is, FTP, what stately river most famous for forming the Grand Canyon?
ANSWER: Colorado River
15. It is thought to be a remnant of the nebula that collapsed to form the sun, and it could stretch almost a quarter of the way from the sun to Proxima Centauri, with a mass is estimated at between 5 and 100 Earth masses. Its existence was originally proposed in 1932 by Ernst Opik, and the idea was revived in the 1950s by the Dutch astronomer in whose name it is now known. FTP, name this region, possibly home to Sedna, a postulated spherical cluster from which comets may originate.
ANSWER: Oort cloud
16. A house of this name, designed by Truman O. Angell, served as executive mansion of its territory from 1852 to 1855. Symbolizing industry because of the dedication to communal welfare of those buzzing around it, it was eventually incorporated into the state emblem, although the Adamic word for it, “Deseret,” was rejected as the name of that state. An official symbol of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, this is, FTP, what insect-made structure, part of the state nickname of Utah?
ANSWER: beehive
17. Pencil and paper ready. To find the greatest common divisor of 100 and 940, you can either use trial and error or Euclid’s method. (pause) To do so, divide 940 by 100, then divide 100 by the remainder, then continue to divide until the remainder is zero. (pause) FTP, what is the greatest common divisor of 100 and 940?
ANSWER: 20
18. August Maquet was the most famous of his ghostwriters, who helped him complete extremely long novels. His last novel, which describes the Battle of Trafalgar, was The Knight of Sainte-Hermine and was discovered just last year. He is also famous for a novel about a Dutch competition to grow a black tulip, as well as for the sequels Twenty Years After and The Vicomte de Bragelonne, the latter of which is split into three other books including The Man in the Iron Mask. FTP, identify this French novelist who wrote about a life sentence in the Château d’If for Edmond Dantès and about Athos, Porthos, and Aramis in The Count of Monte Christo and The Three Musketeers.
ANSWER: Alexandre Dumas
19. After making his piano debut at the age of nine, he went to Vienna to study with Czerny and Salieri. He then went to Paris, where he lived with Mme. d’Agoult, with whom he had three children; their daughter later married Richard Wagner. It was not until after he had moved to Weimar in 1848 that he decided to be a composer, and he favored program music over traditional forms and pioneered the symphonic poem in Mazeppa. FTP, name this composer more famous for his twenty Hungarian Rhapsodies.
Franz Liszt
20. This play includes a scene where Poseidon and Heracles negotiate the fact that the gods are not receiving sacrifices, and there is also a memorable scene where annoying visitors are asked to leave the city that serves as its setting. Tereus has been changed into a hoopoe, prompting Peisthetaerus [PICE-the-TIE-rus] and Euelpides [yoo-WEL-pi-deez] to leave Athens to look for him. Peisthetaerus then becomes the dictator of Nephelococcygia [NEF-el-oh-cok-SIDG-ee-ah], or “Cloudcuckooland,” after that place’s residents give him wings and feathers. He develops into a tyrant and ultimately becomes ruler of the gods, prompting praise from the avian chorus. FTP, this summarizes the action of what dystopian Greek comedy by Aristophanes that shares its name with a movie by Alfred Hitchcock?
ANSWER: The Birds
BONUSES
1. Answer the following about a Roman deity, for ten points each.

(10) This God of doors and beginnings is often depicted with two faces, and is the namesake of a modern month.

ANSWER: Janus

(10) Janus was often associated with, and may have been derived from, Ani, a god of this pre-Roman Italian civilization.

ANSWER: Etruscan

(10) One of Janus’s later wives was this goddess of fountains and springs, the sister of Turnus in the Aeneid.

ANSWER: Juturna
2. Note: please give full names. Name these related pairs of Nobel-winning physicists, for five points per answer.

(10) The wife was the first two-time Nobel Laureate and the husband shared her prize in physics, but is also known for his work on piezoelectricity. Together they discovered radium. (Name both for five points each)

ANSWER: Pierre Curie and Marie Curie (accept Marie Skldowska)

(10) The father discovered the electron and won the 1906 Nobel prize in physics. The son investigated the wave-like properties of electrons and won a Nobel of his own in 1937.

ANSWER: Joseph John Thomson and George Paget Thomson

(10)The father was a Danish physicist who proposed an influential model of the atom and won the 1922 Nobel prize in physics, and the son was also a noted nuclear physicist, sharing the Nobel in 1975.

ANSWER: Niels Bohr and Aage Niels Bohr
3. Given an organic molecule, identify its empirical formula for ten points each.

(10) Methane

ANSWER: CH4

(10) Benzene

ANSWER: CH (do not accept C6H6)

(10) Ethane

ANSWER: CH3 (do not accept C2H6)
4. Identify the authors of the following 20th century stories that mention China for ten points each.

(10) Stephen Albert, a prominent Sinologist, is murdered in this man’s “The Garden of Forking Paths.”

ANSWER: Jorge Luis Borges

(10) Kublai Khan and Marco Polo are the only characters in Invisible Cities, a novel by this Italian author.

ANSWER: Italo Calvino

(10) This author postulated in his short story “The Great Wall of China” that the Great Wall was built piecemeal in sections 500 yards long. He is more famous for works like Castle and Metamorphosis.

ANSWER: Franz Kafka
5. Answer the following questions about the geography of Fiji for the stated number of points.

(10) For ten points, what is the country’s capital?

ANSWER: Suva

(10) For ten points, what is Fiji’s official language?

ANSWER: English

(10) Finally, for five points each, name Fiji’s two largest islands.

ANSWER: Viti Levu and Vanua Levu
6. For ten points each, which treaty…

(10) Ended the Thirty Years’ War?

ANSWER: Peace of Westphalia

(10) Ended World War I?

ANSWER: Treaty of Versailles

(10) Established Vatican City as an independent country?

ANSWER: the Lateran Treaty
7. Identify these Romance languages for ten points each.

(10) It is the least commonly spoken of Switzerland’s four official languages.

ANSWER: Romanche

(10) It is spoken by about 10 million people in southern France, Andorra, Barcelona, the Balearic Islands, and a tiny enclave of western Sardinia.

ANSWER: Catalan

(10) Name one of the two Romance languages that is the official language of a country in Eastern Europe.

ANSWER: Romanian or Moldovan (accept either)
8. For ten points each, given a political party, name that party’s candidate in the 1948 presidential election.

(10) Democrats; he was the incumbent who had succeeded Franklin Roosevelt in 1945.

ANSWER: Harry Truman

(10) Dixiecrats; he later served for decades as a senator from South Carolina.

ANSWER: Strom Thurmond

(10) Republicans; he “beat” Truman in a famous Chicago Tribune headline.

ANSWER: Thomas Dewey
9. Pencil and paper ready. Answer the following questions about energy for ten points each.

(10) To three significant figures, give the kinetic energy in Joules of an object of mass 10 kilograms that is traveling at a speed of 5 meters per second.

ANSWER: 125 Joules (Note: KE = 1/2 mv^2)

(10) To three significant figures, give the gravitational potential energy in Joules associated with an object of mass 1 kilogram when it is 10 meters above the ground. Use g = 10 meters per second squared.

ANSWER: 100 Joules (Note: GPE = mgh)

(10) To three significant figures, give the electric energy in Joules delivered over the time of 10 seconds when the electric potential difference is 10 volts and the resistance in the circuit is 10 ohms.

ANSWER: 100 Joules (Note: V=IR; I = 1 Amp; electric potential energy is voltage times current times time)
10. Given the years it occurred and a historian who wrote about it, name these wars for ten points each.

(10) Barbara Tuchman; 1914-1918.

ANSWER: World War I

(10) David Halberstam; 1954-1973.

ANSWER: Vietnam War

(10) Thucydides; 431-404 BC.

ANSWER: Peloponnesian War
11. Answer these questions about an early American poet for ten points each.

(10) This Massachusetts resident of ancestor of John Kerry was the first major American female writer.  Among her poems is “Upon the Burning of Our House July 10th, 1666.”

ANSWER: Anne Bradstreet

(10) Bradstreet’s first published work of poetry was this 1647 collection printed in London, which includes “Of the Vanity of All Worldly Creatures,” and “David’s Lamentation for Saul and Jonathan.”

ANSWER: The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America

(10) One of Bradstreet’s most famous poems is this love poem which begins, “If ever two were one, then surely we.”

ANSWER: “To My Dear and Loving Husband
12. Name the following female heads of state for ten points each.

(10) Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; 1979-1990.

ANSWER: Margaret Thatcher

(10) Prime Minister of India; 1966-1977 and 1980-1984.

ANSWER: Indira Gandhi (Prompt on Gandhi)

(10) President of Pakistan; 1993-1996.

ANSWER: Benazir Bhutto
13. Given the first line of a famous novel, name the novel, for ten points each.

“Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way”

ANSWER: Anna Karenina

“It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen.”

ANSWER: 1984

“It was love at first sight. The first time Yossarian saw the chaplain, he fell madly in love with him.”

ANSWER: Catch-22
14. Name the following people who have something in common for ten points each. Full names are required.

(10) He was a British mathematician, socialist, pacifist, and philosopher who sought to give mathematics a firm scientific foundation, who condemned both sides in World War I, and who received the Nobel Prize for literature in 1950.

ANSWER: Bertrand Russell

(10) He was an American painter and sculptor known for his pictures of cowboys. His statue represents the state of Montana in the United States Capitol Building’s Statuary Hall.

ANSWER: Charles Russell

(10) He was a hall-of-famer with the Boston Celtics before he became the first African-American coach of a professional sports team.

ANSWER: Bill Russell
15. It takes place every year on June 27th, when one person from the town is randomly selected and then killed. For ten points each –

(10) Identify this title event of a famous short story.

ANSWER: “The Lottery

(10) What native of Bennington, Vermont, wrote “The Lottery”?

ANSWER: Shirley Jackson

(10) Name the woman chosen to be stoned to death in the story.

ANSWER: Tessie Hutchinson (accept either)
16. For ten points each, identify these ancient Greek philosophical concepts.

(10) Originating around 300 BC, this philosophy developed by Zeno seeks to eliminate discomfort and pain by simply blocking them out.

ANSWER: stoicism

(10) Aristotle advocated this rule, which claimed that the temperate virtue is a compromise between two extremes.

ANSWER: golden mean

(10) This philosophy that advocates avoiding pain gave its name to a modern word for someone who indulges in sensual pleasures.

ANSWER: Epicurianism
17. It defines a “Christian” as “one who believes that the New Testament is a divinely inspired book admirably suited to the spiritual needs of his neighbor.” For ten points each —

(10) Identify this book also called The Cynic’s Word Book.

ANSWER: The Devil’s Dictionary

(10) Who wrote The Devil’s Dictionary?

ANSWER: Ambrose Bierce

(10) Bierce is also famous for what story about Peyton Farquhar, who imagines that he escapes hanging from the title structure.

ANSWER: “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge
18. Given a chemist and the molecular formula of a compound he synthesized, name the compound for ten points each.

(10) Fritz Haber; NH3

ANSWER: Ammonia

(10) Chaim [HYE-EEM] Weizmann; C3H6O

ANSWER: Acetone

(10) Friedrich Wöhler; (NH2)2CO

ANSWER: Urea
19. Answer the following questions about a volatile region for ten points each.

(10) On May 9, 2004, a bomb killed Akhmad Kadyrov, who was president of what region?

ANSWER: Chechnya

(10) On the same day, another bomb killed thirteen people in a soccer stadium in the city that is the capital of Chechnya. Name this city.

ANSWER: Groznyy

(10) Chechnya is administered by Russia, but shares a boundary with what independent country?

ANSWER: Georgia
20. Given an African country, identify its capital for ten points each.

(10) Morocco.

ANSWER: Rabat

(10) Mauretania.

ANSWER: Nouakchott

(10) Democratic Republic of the Congo



ANSWER: Kinshasa


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