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Clasification


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DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera)





CLASIFICATION

  • Arecaceae family

CHARACTERISTICS OR FEATURES



  • A palm with a unique trunk or very branched in his base, more than 30 m tall and 20 to 50 cm of diameter.

  • Fruit: the date. Oval shape from 3 to 9 cm. Orange in colour that changes to dark Brown-red when it ripes. It´s got fleshy pulp and sweet flavour.

  • The date has traditionally been an important source of food. It is believed that it´s originally from the Arabian Gulf.

  • The Moors introduced this plant into Spain in the 8th century.

HABITAT


  • The palm needs an average temperature, higher than 18ºC from May to October. However, it requires an average of 30ºC for the optimum date ripening conditions.

  • No tolerate winter frost, so it´s mainly cultivate in coastal areas.

NATURAL PARKS

THE ELCHE´S PALMERAL

HOLM OAK (Quercus ilex)

HOLM OAK/HOLLY OAK






ACORN /OAK NUT







CLASIFICATION

Tree


Fagaceae family

CHARACTERISTICS OR FEATURES





  • Medium- sized tree. It’s 16 to 25 meters tall.

  • In its wild habitat it’s got oval top at the beginning and round-plane top later.

  • Evergreen leaves.

The leaves are dark green above and pale whitish-grey with dense short hair below.

  • Lower branches are spiny (as protection of grazing animals).

  • Fruit: acorn or oak nut. It matures in about 6 months.

  • Wildlife which eat acorns as an important part of their diets: pigeons, woodpeckers, ducks, mice, squirrels, pigs, deer…





PLAGUES AND DISEASES





  • The first cause of death is “seca de la encina” (Holm Oak dry). Leaves turn yellow and fall down.

  • The worst enemy is the butterfly Tortix viridana.


HABITAT





  • Holm Oak grows in pure stands or mixed forest in relatively arid climates.





NATURAL PARK


FONT ROTJA AND SIERRA MARIOLA



LAVANDER (Lavandula officinalis)










CLASIFICATION


PLant
Lamiaceae family


CHARACTERISTICS OR FEATURES


  • A kind with about 30 species.

  • It´s a bush of woody stems, branches of elongated spikes and purple flowers that detach an intense and fresh aroma.

  • Inside his components they emphasize principally the “lanilol”, which has energetic properties and the tannins, which is useful as antiseptic, healing, antirust and skin protector.

  • Bushes of evergreen leaf.

  • Flowering time: March to June. Its harvest is in July and August.



HABITAT

It grows in dry hillsides exposed to the Sun, calcareous soils covered of bushes in clayey lands and stony areas.





NATURAL PARK

SIERRA MARIOLA and FONT ROTJA




THYME (Thymusvulgaris)









CLASIFICATION


PLant
Lamiaceae family


CHARACTERISTICS OR FEATURES


  • A kind with about 1500 species

  • It´s 15-30 cm tall

  • Its leaves you give birth opposite, with coiled and hair edges.

  • Bushes of evergreen leaves.

  • It has tiny blue flowers grouped in small bunches.

  • It has medicinal properties.

  • Flowering time: March to June. Its harvest is in summer.






HABITAT

It grows in dry hillsides exposed to the Sun, calcareous soils covered of bushes in clayey lands and stony areas.





NATURAL PARK

SIERRA MARIOLA and FONT ROTJA





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