Name___________________________________________________________________
No notes, No books; You can use calculators. Pick the best answer for each question.
Constants that you may need to know:
c = 3 x 108 m/s
1 AU = 1.49 ×10^11 meters
1 light year = 9.46 × 1015 meters
h = 6.626 x 10-34 J●s
mass of Earth = 5.97 × 1024 kg
mass of Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kg
G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2
mass of Moon = 7.35 x 1022 kg
mass of Jupiter = 1.90 x 1027 kg
g = 9.8 m/s2
radius of Earth = 6.38 × 106 m
radius of Jupiter = 7.15 × 107 m
σ = 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-4
1 nm = 1 x 10-9 meters
radius of Moon = 1.74 × 106 m
Put the terrestrial planets in order from lowest average surface temperature to highest average surface temperature.
Put the terrestrial planets in order from least cratered on average to most heavily cratered on average. The numbers of craters on average refers to the total number of craters on the surface divided by the total area of the surface.
Least ® Heaviest
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury
Mars, Earth, Mercury, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth
Put the terrestrial planets in order from smallest mass to largest mass.
Smallest ® Largest
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury
Mars, Earth, Mercury, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth
Put the terrestrial planets in order from smallest diameter to largest diameter.
Smallest ® Largest
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury
Mars, Earth, Mercury, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth
Put the terrestrial planets in order from lowest atmospheric surface pressure to highest atmospheric surface pressure.
Lowest ® Highest
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury
Mars, Earth, Mercury, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth
Put the terrestrial planets in order from closest to the Sun to farthest from the Sun.
Closest ® Farthest
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury
Mars, Earth, Mercury, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Earth, Venus
Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth
Which is a true statement about Phoenix?
Phoenix did not return any data back to Earth
Phoenix dug trenches to look for evidence of water ice
Planets in the Habitable Zone could potentially have liquid water on their surfaces
A star larger than our Sun will have a larger Habitable Zone
A star smaller than our Sun will have a smaller Habitable Zone
Which is the primary reason why scientists think some meteorites originate on Mars?
Martian meteorites contain olivine
Glasses in Martian meteorites have gases whose abundances match the abundances of gases determined for the Martian atmosphere
Martian meteorites have ages older than the Solar System
Martian meteorites usually contain 10% water and most meteorites have a much lower abundance of water
Spacecraft have retrieved samples from Mars and these Martian samples can be directly compared to Martian meteorites
Which country or countries have sent spacecraft or spacecrafts to Mars and used these spacecraft or spacecrafts to return samples of Mars back to Earth?
No country has used a spacecraft to return samples directly from Mars
Just the United States
Just the Soviet Union
Just China
Just the United States and the Soviet Union
Shergotty and ALH 84001 are meteorites that are thought to be samples of …
Jupiter
Mars
Mercury
Phobos
Venus
What is the most probable reason why Mars’ magnetic field is weaker than Earth’s?
Scientists find evidence for significant amounts of hydrogen underneath the surface of Mars. What do most scientists think that this evidence indicates?
That there are substantial amounts of hematite beneath the surface
That there are substantial amounts of water ice underneath the surface
That there are substantial amounts of sulfates underneath the surface
That there are substantial amounts of percholates underneath the surface