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W 3 Week Plan 4th – 6th Grades ater Quality


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Order - Collembola (Freshwater Springtails)


Springtails

Known as springtails, they are not truly aquatic, but are occasionally seen on the surface film of slow areas of streams. They are usually less than one tenth of an inch long. On land these organisms have the ability to jump several inches in the air, powered by a spring-like structure near their last abdominal segment.





Order - Hemiptera (Water Strider, Backswimmer, Water Boatman)

Water strider

Water striders are members of the Hemiptera or true bugs. They are long-legged forms that often are seen skating across the surface film of a pond or slow-moving portion of a stream. As with other true bugs, the mouthparts are designed for piercing and sucking. Their long middle and rear pairs of legs are specialized for skating across the water, equipped with non-wettable hairs for riding on the water's surface tension. The front legs are short and raptorial, enabling them to grasp small prey organisms. Water striders can move quickly across the water surface to avoid being captured, as many a youth will attest to. Adult water striders that emerge in the summer are usually wingless; winged forms that emerge in the fall seek out terrestrial environs in which to hibernate.





Backswimmer & Water Boatman (water bugs)

These water bugs look very similar and both use their hind legs with swimming hairs like oars to propel them through the water. They feed on a variety of organisms, including larger species such as tadpoles and small fish.



Order - Ephemeroptera (Mayflies)


Gills arise from sides of abdomen. Body ends with two or three elongate tails. The length is from 3 to 20mm (not including tails).

Order- Trichoptera (Caddisflies)


Caddis larvae are more-or-less caterpillarlike. When comparing your specimen to the photographs look at the overall length of the legs; some have short forelegs and long hindlegs, others will have legs of approximately the same length.

Most larvae will have conspicuous hard plate-like structures called nota on the top of the first, second or third thoracic segments. See if the number of nota match those on your larvae. Some larvae have wart-like dorsal or lateral humps on the first abdominal segment. Look for these on the top and sides of the first abdominal segment. Note that these humps do not always stand out clearly from the body. They may be compressed almost all the way into the soft body and appear as only slight mounds. Caddis larvae have extremely small antennae compared to other aquatic insects. Even at a magnification of 30x you must look in exactly the right place on the larva’s head to see them.







Order - Plecoptera (Stoneflies)
Stoneflies look similar to certain flattened mayflies and many beginners have trouble distinguishing the groups. The relative length of the antennae may be used to tell flattened mayflies from stoneflies. Stoneflies have antennae that are many times, four to six times, longer than the width of their head, while those of flattened mayflies are only about twice the width of their head.


Order - Ostracoda (Seed Shrimp)

These are small laterally flattened crustaceans that are no more than one tenth of an inch long. The body is covered in a shell-like covering and are not often collected in our kick net samples. They prefer silty bottoms and rooted aquatic vegetation. Seed shrimp are similar in appearance and size to water fleas (Cladocera). Water fleas often have a spine at the end of the body and the anterior end as head.



Order - Isopoda (Aquatic Sowbugs)

These are the aquatic relatives of the more familiar terrestrial sowbugs, or pillbugs. They are very flattened and usually measure from one third to three quarters of an inch. They have 7 pairs of walking legs with the first pair modified for grasping. Common coloration is gray-brown. The abdominal segments are fused into a relatively short region. They are chiefly found in streams under stones or among vegetation or organic debris, which they feed on. Some species are adapted to living in caves or groundwater. Other sowbugs are associated with organic material, and are used as indicators of the recovery zone of streams with sewage pollution.





Order - Amphipoda (Scud)

These crustaceans, also called scuds, side swimmers, or freshwater shrimp are only distant relatives of true shrimp. The body is flattened from side to side, they have seven pairs of legs and the majority of species are one third to approximately one inch long. Eyes if present are usually well developed. Coloration can vary from light brown, or greenish to gray-blue. Preserved specimens bleach out to a whitish, gray or cream color. When they swim they often roll over and swim on their sides. Amphipods are omnivorous and will feed on all types of plants and animals but they usually will not consume living organisms. In freshwater habitats, they are often associated with moss or other vegetation in streams and lakes.





Order - Lepidoptera (aquatic caterpillars)
The larvae are very similar to terrestrial caterpillars with distinct heads, short thoracic legs and ventral prolegs on some abdominal segments. Some species have long paired gills down the length of the abdomen. Wing pads are not present. Aquatic caterpillars are similar to some beetle larva but beetle larvae lack abdominal prolegs. Aquatic fly larvae may also be confused with caterpillars but lack the three pairs of thoracic legs.



Order - Diptera (Midges, Aquatic Gnats & Flies)

Fly larvae are soft bodied, usually maggot like forms that measure one twentieth of an inch to four inches in length. The thorax may possess one or two fleshy prolegs, but never three pairs of segmented legs. The abdomen has eight to ten segments and may also have very short prolegs or lobe like legs.





WATER QUALITY UNIT ASSESSMENT

(water quality principles, )



Short Answer (pre-post)


  1. What are 10 plants and 10 animals that live in ponds?




  1. Describe how some of these plants and animals rely on each other.




  1. What do people mean by water quality?




  1. Name 3-5 macro-invertebrates that can be found in healthy water (good water quality).



  2. What are the differences among “good water quality,” fair water quality,” and “poor water quality?”



Application Problem (Pre-Post)
5a. A local farmer is excited about returning part of his farmland to the pond (wetland) it used to be 30 years ago. Thirty years ago, the government had thought wetlands were of no value, and paid the farmer to fill in the pond area with tiles and soil. He then raised cows and other animals where that wetland used to be. Beyond the livestock (animal) area, now upstream from this pond, the farmer had also raised crops and used chemicals to keep them from being infested with insects and disease.
Now our farmer is hoping that his restored wetland habitat will bring nesting wildlife, such as the blue heron and mallard ducks, back to the area they used to inhabit years ago. The farmer has also read that wetlands, such as a pond, stream or creek, can filter the water and make it “cleaner.” How can he test this water to find out if it is clean enough for people to drink from it? What do you think he will find when he tests the water from this pond? Explain your answer.

5b. Recently a new industry has moved into our community. It is not on our main river, which is also our drinking water supply, and the owners of the industrial plant say they are not dumping chemicals into a small stream that runs by the industrial building into the river. What are some ways we can test the water to see if the industry owners are telling the truth and that we can still use this river for drinking water? From where should we take this water sample we will be testing? Why?


QA Rubric
Reviewer: __________________________________ Date: __________________________________

Quester: __________________________________ Quest: __________________________________
Purpose: This rubric is to assess both the quest response and reflection according to the rubric below.

Instructions: Respond to each of the following statements with regard to the extent to which the description is present in the work. Then, tally your responses according to the chart at the page bottom. Note that while a Quester is completing her first few Quests, consider using this rubric leniently to foster motivation and buy-in.



1. Response



5 pts.

4 pts.

3 pts.

2 pts.

1 pt.






Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




a. The response is Accurate.
(It addresses the targeted goals of the quest.)



















Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




b. The response is Credible.
(It uses sound disciplinary content.)



















Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




c. The response is Meaningful.
(It has value for the individual or world.)



















Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




d. The response is Original.
(It is unique, imaginative, and risky, and it shows integrity.)



















Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




e. The response is Complete.
(It addresses all of the stated goals.)










If the tally for the response totals less than 19, indicate that the section should be revised; if the tally is 19 or above, then indicate that the work has been accepted.





2. Reflection



5 pts.

4 pts.

3 pts.

2 pts.

1 pt.






Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




a. The reflection is Complete.
(It addresses the three components.1)



















Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




b. The reflection is Critical.
(It addresses specific strengths or weaknesses of the response or the process.)



















Strongly Agree

Agree

Somewhat

Disagree

Strongly Disagree




c. The reflection is Comprehensive.
(It accounts for all parts of the response rather than isolated elements.)











If the tally for the reflection totals less than 10, indicate that the section should be revised; if the tally is 10 or above, then indicate that the work has been accepted.

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