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There Is None More Loyal


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Tossups
1. Its motto, which translates as “There Is None More Loyal” was granted in honor of the fact that it was the only Portuguese possession* not to surrender to the Habsburgs. It also proved itself to be a difficult target, as it repeatedly repelled Dutch piracy and invasion attempts during the 17th Century. While virtually under Portuguese control for over 2 centuries, this territory did not officially become a Portuguese colony until the Treaty of Tiānjīn, in 1862. FTP, what is this former Portuguese possession in China, which was returned to the People’s Republic of China in 1999?

ANSWER: Macau or Àomén


2. Joseph Leidy was the first to discover that this disease was caused by eating undercooked meat in the 1840s.* Death may result, either from the infection of the heart or the nervous system. Most cases in the United States today are the result of consuming undercooked game, but this disease may have played a part in the religious dietary laws of many peoples. FTP, what is this paristic disease most often found in the developing world in undercooked pork?

ANSWER: Trichinosis


3. The arrival of the butterfly in Line 12 marks the turning point of the poem, as he both distracts the speaker from his thoughts of isolation,* but also from his labor. Additionally, the butterfly initially reinforces the speaker’s sense of loneliness, feelings which began when he could not find the mower, but then introduces him to the title objects, which he terms a “message from the dawn”. With the renewed hope that the discovery instills in him, the speaker feels connected with the mower and, by extension, the rest of humanity, in, FTP, what poem by Robert Frost?

ANSWER: The Tuft of Flowers


4. One of his symbols is the tripod, which some believe may represent a lamp-stand, and he was depicted with a long, flowing beard, usually of lapis* lazuli, and with a winged bull for a mount. He was called the “lord of wisdom”, due to his association with astrology, and was adopted in Ur by Semitic nomads, for whom he was the chief deity. The son of Enlil and Ninlil, he was the husband of Ningal and the father of Utu, among others. FTP, who is this god from several Mesopotamian mythologies, an important lunar deity?

ANSWER: Nanna or Sin


5. William Blake’s last engraving was inspired by this work, which he himself suggested had been inspired by a statue of God, Satan, and Adam from the Temple of Solomon. This statue* also provided inspiration for French neoclassicism when it was placed in the Louvre by Napoleon and for Michelangelo, who used several variants of the figures’ poses in his Rebellious Slave and Battle of Cascina. FTP, what is this famous sculpture credited to Agesander and dated to the first century B.C.E., which shows the title figures being strangled and bitten by serpents sent by Poseidon?

ANSWER: Laocoön and His Sons or The Laocoön Group


6. He did not agree with many Calvinist teachings and it is said that he wept upon first hearing of the doctrine of predestination,* despite believing himself to be one of the elect. He was a friend of John Ruskin and served as the go-between in Ruskin’s affair with Rosa la Touche. He appears as a character in C.S. Lewis’ The Great Divorce and he influenced Lewis Carroll to publish Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. FTP, who is this Scottish author, influential to many and known for such works as Phantastes, Alec Forbes, and The Princess and the Goblin, as well as various fairy tales?

ANSWER: George MacDonald


7. It was first measured using the Jackson Candle test and today, it can be measured in a number of ways, with this quality being measured in large bodies of water, such as lakes or oceans,* using Secchi disks, large black and white disks which are submerged until they are no longer visible. This quantity is most often measured using a nephelometer, which utilizes a beam of light and a light detector to determine how much light is being deflected in the liquid. FTP, what is this property, the cloudy appearance of a liquid due to the number of colloidal particles in that liquid?

ANSWER: Turbidity


8. The situation was settled by an international council consisting of representatives of Italy, Switzerland, Brazil, and the aggrieved and offending nations and resulted in the Treaty of Washington,* which formalized the settlement. Resulting in embarrassment for Earl Russell and Lord Palmerston, both of whom supported the Confederacy, Senator Charles Sumner initially asked for Canada or $2 billion in restitution. FTP, what is this incident which saw the US claim that Britain had violated its neutrality by providing the namesake blockade runner and other ships to the Confederacy?

ANSWER: Alabama Claims or Alabama Incident


9. It resulted in charges of obscenity against a local television station because of signs which featured the word “sucks” and it had been prompted by the firing of popular DJ Steve Dahl,* who created the Insane Coho Lips after he was rehired at another radio station. In the end, the Detroit Tigers refused to play the second half of a double-header and were granted a forfeit by the American League office, who agreed that there was inadequate crowd control and an unplayable field. FTP, all of these are part of the story surrounding what promotional gimmick used by the Chicago White Sox in 1979, which saw fans receive free admission for bringing records and then saw those records blown-up on the field?

ANSWER: Disco Demolition Night

10. Their first hit was “Baby Talk”, though one member had a hit a year earlier with “Jennie Lee”. Originally a doo-wop group, they changed styles as times changed, recording Folk ‘n Roll* in 1965 and several concept albums, such as Meets Batman, which flopped. Following an accident in which one member suffered permanent brain damage, they released the album Save for a Rainy Day, which was critically acclaimed but poorly received by fans. FTP, name this group best known for their surf-rock songs and the hits “Little Old Lady from Pasadena” and “Dead Man’s Curve”.

ANSWER: Jan & Dean


11. An effort was made in the Washington state legislature to make this song the official state song, but it did not garner enough support, while there is also a movement to have the birthday of the song’s writer, April 11,* declared an international holiday. The most famous recording of this Richard Berry song was investigated by the FBI, with the conclusion that they were “unable to interpret any of the wording”, but Indiana Governor, Matthew Welsh banned the song on rumors of obscenity. FTP, what is this song, the biggest hit of The Kingsmen?

ANSWER: “Louie Louie”


12. There have been several versions, as the one which teamed with the Freedom Fighters was killed on Earth-X. In his original origin story, he learns goodness from a group of monks* who are responsible for saving him, but this was changed post-Crisis, and he became a superhero in an attempt to make money. His sidekick, Woozy Winks, was an idiot protected by nature itself, but this changed over time and the post-Crisis version was a former mental patient. FTP, name this humorous superhero, a former villain who is capable of transforming himself into any shape.

ANSWER: Plastic Man or Patrick “Eel” O’Brien


13. Manni could get the money from his girlfriend’s father, who works at a bank;* however, he reveals that he is not really her father and that, tired of his life, he is leaving to live with his mistress. However, his mistress is pregnant and he is not the father of that child either. In either case, he does not provide the money and Manni must get it elsewhere. He attempts to rob a store, but his girlfriend dies in that attempt and he dies when she in turn attempts to rob her father’s bank. So go two of the realities in, FTP, what 1998 German film starring Franka Potente and directed by Tom Tykwer?

ANSWER: Run Lola Run or Lola Rennt


14. She has published three books, including two for children: I Don’t Want to Sleep Tonight and I Can Fly, both published by Golden Books. In her primary career, she has served as a news anchor on ABC Radio* and worked on the CBS series Street Stories and America Tonight. In 2004, on her namesake series on MSNBC, she famously ran as true a story based on an article from The Onion and she is also well-known for the failure of her brief tenure on NBC’s Today. FTP, who is this news personality, currently the host of Inside Edition?

ANSWER: Deborah Norville


15. Frank Ilarraza, a detective in Broward County, Florida, plays himself in this film, portraying the same action for which he is most noted. The director also makes an appearance, as the father of Derek “The Hitman”* Kaufman, a phony gangbanger who is drawn into the plot concocted by Ali, Lisa, and Marty. Donny, Derek Dzvirtko, and Heather also participate, with Donny, “The Hitman”, and Marty doing most of the work. FTP, name this 2001 film directed by Larry Clark and based on the real-life murder of Bobby Kent by his friends.

ANSWER: Bully


16. There are numerous references to oil companies in the names of several characters, including Roy’s last name, Hess, the grandmother’s last name, Phillips, and the name of the boss, B.P.* Richfield. The characters in the show do not believe in a supreme deity, but they do celebrate holidays, such as Refrigerator Day, celebrating society’s greatest blessing, and Hurling Day, which became a popular way for husbands to dispose of their nagging mothers-in-law. FTP, name this series, which featured Earl, Fran, Robbie, Charlene, and Junior Sinclair, a family of the titular creatures.

ANSWER: Dinosaurs




Boni
1. A growing trend in recent years, starting with 2000’s Bulldozer Revolution in Serbia, has been non-violent changes in government, often named for a symbolic object or color. F10PE, identify these so-called “color revolutions”.

A. By far the most violent of the color revolutions, this revolution erupted following parliamentary elections in February and March, 2005. Askar Akayev left office on April 4 and was replaced by Kurmanbek Bakiyev, a former Prime Minister.

ANSWER: Tulip Revolution

B. There were two versions of this revolution, with the first seeing President Eduard Shevardnadze ousted in favor of Mikhail Saakashvili after Parliamentary elections in 2003. The second saw Saakashvili and Surab Zhvania break-up Aslan Abashidze’s separatist government with popular protest in the region of Ajura.

ANSWER: Rose Revolution

C. Following the disputed presidential run-off election of 2004, this revolution erupted in the Ukraine. It was centered around Kiev and saw supporters of the revolution sporting the color of Victor Yushchenko’s opposition party. In the end, Victor Yanukovych was forced from power in favor of Yushchenko.

ANSWER: Orange Revolution
2. Sometimes some very fine novels don’t receive the Booker Prize. F10PE, identify each of the following novels which were short-listed, but did not win the Book Prize.

A. This novel by Kazuo Ishiguro lost to Kingsley Amis’ The Old Devils in 1986. It tells the story of Masuji Ono, an artist, who reflects on his life and his past actions and who has become less-respected since the end of World War II.

ANSWER: An Artist of the Floating World

B. This novel by Martin Amis lost to Ben Okri’s The Famished Road in 1991. It tells, in reverse order, the story of a Holocaust physician, as he becomes younger and all the events of his life occur in reverse.

ANSWER: Time’s Arrow

C. This novel by Tibor Fischer lost to Roddy Doyle’s Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha in 1993. It tells the story of Gyuri and Pataki, two basketball players as they navigate through the tumult leading up to the Hungarian Uprising of 1956.

ANSWER: Under a Frog
3. F10PE, identify each of the following noteworthy trans-Actinide elements from a brief description.

A. This element, whose name was disputed by Soviet and American physicists, was the first trans-Actinide element discovered. It has a half-life of 13 hours and is produced by bombarding Californium-249 with Carbon-12.

ANSWER: Rutherfordium or Unnilquadium

B. It has been suggested that Kryptonite is really an ore of this element, which is considered to be one of the most stable examples of Glenn Seaborg’s “islands of stability”, because of its double magic number of protons and neutrons.

ANSWER: Unbihexium-310 or Element 126

C. This element is notable because, according to non-relativistic approximations, any element with an atomic number higher than that of this element would have electrons orbiting at speeds greater than the speed of light. A fictitious or provisional name for this element is derived from the scientist who suggested the problem about those electrons.

ANSWER: Untriseptium or Feynmanium or Element 137
4. Which side do you prefer, the Greeks or the Trojans? [Moderator: await response and read the appropriate bonus]

I. Identify the following Achaeans who battled against Ilion in the Iliad and other accounts of the Trojan War F10PE.

A. Mocked by Homer as the worst man to come to Troy, he ridicules Agamemnon after the king’s failed speech in Book II. He was hit with Agamemnon’s staff by Odysseus. In later accounts, he was killed by Achilles after he mocked the hero’s grief at the death of Penthesilia and Lucan claims that he sued Homer for slander in his A True Story.

ANSWER: Thersites

B. Sometimes listed as a descendant of Autolycus, the thief and grandfather of Odysseus, or Sisyphos, this Danaan either was intentionally left behind as a fake human sacrifice or feigned defection to the Trojans in order to convince them to lead the Trojan Horse into their city.

ANSWER: Sinon

C. Leader of the Aetolians, his voice was impersonated by Poseidon, who wished to rally Idomeneus to prevent Hector from destroying the Achaean camp. He was also responsible for the advice which pulled the Greek forces back to the ships, saving many lives, and volunteered to battle Hector in single combat, but lost the draw to Ajax.

ANSWER: Thoas

II. Identify each of the following Trojans or Trojan allies who defended Ilion from the Danaans F10PE.

A. In Book 21, when Priam opens the gates to allow the Trojans back into the city, this Trojan challenges Achilles, preventing him from taking the city. He is taken away by the gods and Apollo continues the battle with Achilles in the guise of this man.

ANSWER: Agenor

B. This Trojan archer breaks the temporary truce in Book IV, when Athena convinces him to attack Menelaus. His arrow only wounds Menelaus, as he also later only wounds Diomedes, but he is killed by the latter’s spear while serving as Aeneas’ charioteer.

ANSWER: Pandarus

C. He may have killed Protesilaus, the first Achaean casualty of the war, and he was the first to spear Patroclus when the latter died in Book 16. In the battle for Achilles armor in Book 17, he tried to strip Patroclus’ body, but was killed instead by Menelaus.

ANSWER: Euphorbus
5. F10PE, identify each of the following operas by minimalist composer John Adams from a brief description.

A. Centering on Kitty Oppenheimer, this opera portrays the months and the moments leading up to the initial “Trinity” test of the first nuclear weapons. With a libretto written by Peter Sellars, it borrows heavily from numerous works, including John Donne’s Holy Sonnets and the Bhagavad Gita.

ANSWER: Doctor Atomic

B. Based on the hijacking of the ocean liner Achille Lauro by agents of the PLF, this opera has faced considerable controversy, because it portrays the terrorists as human beings. Nevertheless, it ends powerfully with the murder of the title hostage and his wife’s emotional reaction.

ANSWER: The Death of Klinghoffer

C. Taking its title from a quote by an actual victim, this opera is centered on the 1994 Northridge earthquake and follows the reactions of 7 Angelenos of different socio-economic and racial backgrounds. It takes its style predominantly from rock and popular music and features a libretto by June Jordan.

ANSWER: I Was Looking at the Ceiling and Then I Saw the Sky
6. Plutons, igneous intrusions, come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and rock types. F10PE, identify each of the following classes of intrusions from a brief description.

A. This pluton is formed when viscous magma intrudes between layers of sedimentary material with enough force to cause the layers above it to dome and then cools very slowly. One prominent example is Devil’s Tower.

ANSWER: Laccolith

B. These plutons are relatively narrow and are formed when magma cuts across older layers of rock. They are often vertical or nearly vertical, but may be tilted after formation. Shiprock in New Mexico is one prominent example.

ANSWER: Dike

C. Formed when several large plutons converge, these irregular intrusions are vast expanses of granite, which often parallel a subduction zone. At the surface, they are subject to a form of erosion called exfoliation and Half Dome in Yosemite is a prominent example.

ANSWER: Batholith
7. Regardless of any skill he may have shown in commanding troops on the battlefield, the presidency of Ulysses Grant was distinguished only for the corruption which marred it. F10PE, identify the following about scandals which specifically involved Grant’s own cabinet and advisors.

A. This scandal, which was broken up by Secretary of the Treasury, Benjamin Bristow, implicated many in the Republican government, including Grant’s personal secretary, Gen. Orville Babcock. Babcock, who was indicted, was pardoned by Grant, leading many to view Grant as a symbol of Republican corruption.

ANSWER: Whiskey Ring

B. This Secretary of War was impeached by the House of Representatives when it was learned that he had accepted money in exchange for appointments at trading posts. Before the Senate could try him, Grant accepted his resignation, thus removing him from the authority of the Senate, and earning Grant further political ire.

ANSWER: Gen. William Belknap

C. Beginning when two speculators attempted to corner the gold market, this scandal resulted in the resignation of Grant’s assistant secretary of the treasury, Gen. Daniel Butterfield, who had only been appointed at the urging of the two speculators as well as Grant’s brother-in-law, Abel Corbin.

ANSWER: Black Friday or Fisk-Gould Scandal
8. Cornelius Jansen influenced a number of people with his posthumously published work Augustinus. 5 for 1, 10 for 2, 20 for 3, and 30 for all 4, identify the following adherents of Jansenism.

A. Educated at the important Jansenist center at Port-Royal, he was an important playwright, considered one of the “big three” of 17th Century France. His works include Bérénice, Esther, Athalie, Le Thebaïde, and Britannicus.

ANSWER: Jean Racine

B. The twentieth child of his father, he was attracted to Jansenism by Jean du Vergier. He established many Jansenist aims in his book De la fréquente Communion and wrote numerous other philosophical and theological texts. He was also an active mathematician, having been called the “Euclid of the 17th Century”.

ANSWER: Antoine Arnauld le grand

C. Brother of Antoine Arnauld, he helped to engineer the Franco-Dutch War and also secured the Treaty of Nijmegen, ending it, as Louis XIV’s Secretary of State. He also served as ambassador to Sweden, despite his Jansenist connections.

ANSWER: Simon Arnauld, Marquis de Pomponne (prompt on Arnauld)

D. One of the most famous French scholars of the 17th Century, he expanded Torricelli’s work on pressure, made contributions to the study of fluids, published many mathematical proofs, and also wrote two important religious works, Lettres provinciales and Pensées.

ANSWER: Blaise Pascal

9. Cricket is a sport that, unfortunately, few Americans understand. F10PE, identify each of the following terms from its cricket usage.

A. The bowler, who is charged with throwing the ball toward his opponent’s wicket, is replaced at the completion of this, which is defined as 6 valid deliveries to the opposing batsman.

ANSWER: Over

B. If a batsman hits a ball delivered by the bowler into play and manages to switch positions with the wicket-keeper opposite him, his side scores one of these.

ANSWER: Run

C. This is the term for runs which are credited to a team, but not to an individual batsman and can be scored in a number of ways, including byes, no balls, and penalty runs.

ANSWER: Extra


10. As many of you know, Me First and the Gimme Gimmes are fun. F6PE, identify the Gimmes’ album on which you would find each of the following songs.

A. “Runaway” by Del Shannon; “Who Put the Bomp (In the Bomp Bomp Bomp)” by Barry Mann; “Sloop John B.”

ANSWER: Blow in the Wind

B. “Uptown Girl” by Billy Joel; “One Tin Soldier” by Joni Mitchell; “Fire and Rain” by James Taylor

ANSWER: Have a Ball

C. “Where Do Broken Hearts Go” by Whitney Houston; “Crazy” by Seal; “I Believe I Can Fly” by R. Kelly

ANSWER: Take a Break

D. “Phantom of the Opera Song”; “Science Fiction Double Feature”; “Somewhere Over the Rainbow”

ANSWER: Are a Drag

E. “Strawberry Fields Forever” by The Beatles; “Come Sail Away” by Styx; “Hava Naglia”

ANSWER: Ruin Jonny’s Bar Mitzvah
11. Identify each of the following films by the “two-headed director”, the Coen Brothers, from quotes F10PE or from characters F5PE.

A. 10) “I read this morning's edition of the Argus and let me tell you something: I'd wrap a fish in it! I'd use it as kindling! Hell, I'd even train my poodle on it if he wasn't a French poodle and more partial to the pages of Paris Soir, but I sure wouldn't shell out a hard-earned nickel to read the dadblamed thing!”

5) Amy Archer, Sidney J. Mussburger, and Norville Barnes

ANSWER: The Hudsucker Proxy

B. 10) “Yes, I have taken my stab at the rasslin' form, as I have stabbed at so many others, and with as little success. I gather that you are a freshman here, eager for an upperclassman's counsel. However, just at the moment, I have drinking to do.”

5) Ben Geisler, W.P. Mayhew, Charlie Meadows, a.k.a. Karl “Madman” Mundt

ANSWER: Barton Fink

C. 10) “Ya can't know the reality of what happened, or what would've happened if you hadn't-a stuck in your own goddamn schnozz. So there is no "what happened"? Not in any sense that we can grasp, with our puny minds. Because our minds... our minds get in the way. Looking at something changes it. They call it the "Uncertainty Principle". Sure, it sounds screwy, but even Einstein says the guy's on to something.”

5) Rachel “Birdy” Abundas, Freddy Riedenschneider, “Big Dave” Brewster

ANSWER: The Man Who Wasn’t There


12. Sometimes a center isn’t all he’s cracked up to be. F6PE, identify the NBA team which calls each of the following centers and, believe it or not, isn’t joking.

A. Calvin Booth and Etan Thomas

ANSWER: Washington Wizards (accept either)

B. Esteban Batista and Zaza Pachulia

ANSWER: Atlanta Hawks (accept either)

C. Jarron Collins and Robert Whaley

ANSWER: Utah Jazz (accept either)

D. Nick Collison and Chris Wilcox

ANSWER: Seattle Supersonics or Sonics (accept either)

E. Mark Madsen and Eddie Griffin

ANSWER: Minnesota Timberwolves (accept either)
13. Name the following about crazy Moose and Squirrel, 5 for 1, 10 for 2, 20 for 3, and 30 for 4.

A. This is the middle initial shared by both Rocky the Squirrel and Bullwinkle the Moose on the show Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends.

ANSWER: J

B. Give the name of the segment of the show which features retellings of classic childhood stories.

ANSWER: Fractured Fairy Tales

C. What is the name of the time machine invented by Mr. Peabody?

ANSWER: The Waybac machine

D. This is the country for which Boris Badenov and Natasha Fatale work and it is headed by the infamous Fearless Leader.

ANSWER: Pottsylvania

14. Given a brief synopsis, identify each of the following films from the résumé of Christina Ricci F10PE.

A. Billy Brown, having been just released from prison, kidnaps Layla, forcing her to pretend to be his fiancée. At the same time, Brown is seeking revenge against a former Bills kicker named Scott Wood, a reference to Scott Norwood.

ANSWER: Buffalo ’66

B. Dede Truitt moves in with her half-brother Bill, a homosexual school teacher, and immediately seduces his lover Matt. When they leave, Bill and his friend Lucia track them down, while Jason Bock, Bill’s former student and Matt’s lover on the side, blackmails Bill, whom he claims assaulted him.

ANSWER: The Opposite of Sex

C. Based on a novel by Elizabeth Wurtzel, this film follows Elizabeth as she goes through her first year of college at Harvard, initially happy to have put her past and her overbearing mother behind her and finally complicating things with her inability to balance her time properly, her fight with depression, and her addiction to the namesake drug.

ANSWER: Prozac Nation


15. Risk, Diplomacy, both, or neither? Given each territory, identify whether it is a named territory in the game Risk, a named territory in the game Diplomacy, both or neither F5PE and a bonus 5 for all correct.

A. Ukraine

ANSWER: Both

B. Great Britain

ANSWER: Risk

C. Spain

ANSWER: Diplomacy

D. Iceland

ANSWER: Both

E. Lapland

ANSWER: Neither
16. Identify these industrial rock subgenres from a brief description and some artists and labels associated with them F10PE.

A. Exemplified by albums such as Chemlab’s Burn Out at the Hydrogen Bar and bands like 16 Volt and Hate Dept., this genre combines cyberpunk-themed lyrics, often with pop sensibilities, with rock-like guitars and heavy synthesizer usage. Labels in this genre were notoriously short-lived, such as If It Movies and Fifth Colvmn Records.

ANSWER: Coldwave or Synthcore

B. Bands such as Ministry, Rammstein, and Pigface were part of this subgenre which saw the fusing of punk and hard rock stylings with the harshness of techno and industrial. In addition, lyrics were often confrontational, while live performances were very involved and ornate.

ANSWER: Aggro-Industrial

C. Featured at festivals like Infest and Wave Gotik Treffen, this subgenre, which received its name from Ronan Harris of VNV Nation and Stephan Groth of Apoptygma Bezerk. is an outgrowth of EBM. It has adopted numerous features of both synth pop and trance, with groups such as XPQ-21 expanding it further in the trance direction.

ANSWER: Futurepop
Extra Boni
Academic. Identify each of the following about the civil rights movement in Birmingham, Alabama, F10PE.

A. Elected to several state, county, and municipal offices over the course of his lifetime, this man was the chief symbol of segregationists during the civil rights struggle. He was also a staunch anti-communist and used the fear of Communist involvement as an excuse for many of his actions to stop the civil rights movement in Birmingham.

ANSWER: Theophilus Eugene “Bull” Connor

B. Though widely condemned at the time, this march sought to clog Birmingham’s jails as many school-aged children marched in mass demonstrations organized by Rev. James Bevel. On the first day, the police reacted calmly, but the second saw high-powered firehoses and police dogs turned on the students at Bull Connor’s order.

ANSWER: Children’s Crusade

C. On September 15, 1963, a bomb, set by Bobby Cherry and Robert “Dynamite Bob” Chambliss, destroyed much of this church and resulted in the deaths of 4 girls. Bull Connor blamed the violence on the Supreme Court for desegregation rulings and suggested the bomb may have been set by African-Americans to stir up sympathy for their movement.

ANSWER: Sixteenth Street Baptist Church

TRASH. Identify each of the following about the short lifespan of a failed football franchise from the history of the CFL F10PE.

A. This team, which lasted for only one season in 1994, was part of the CFL’s push into American markets. It played its home games at Sam Boyd Stadium, which hosts the Las Vegas Bowl and the home games for UNLV. The field was the wrong size for CFL regulations.

ANSWER: Las Vegas Posse

B. In a game against the B.C. Lions, Posse coach Ron Meyer encouraged the team’s cheerleaders, which went by this appropriate moniker, to stand behind the Lions’ bench and distract them. It did not work, as the Posse lost 39-16.

ANSWER: “Showgirls”



C. In a game against the Edmonton Eskimos, Dennis K.C. Parks, charged with singing the national anthems and only vaguely familiar with “O Canada”, improvised, making the anthem sound like this holiday song.

ANSWER: “O Christmas Tree” or “O Tannenbaum”


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