The diary of anne frank
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Mr. Frank. It was a thief. That noise must have scared him away. Mrs. Van Daan. Thank God. Mr. Frank. He took the cash box. And the radio. He ran away in such a hurry that he didn't stop to shut the street door. It was swinging wide open. (A breath of relief sweeps over them.) I think it would be good to have some light. Margot. Are you sure it's all right? Mr. Frank. The danger has passed. (MARGOT goes to light the small lamp.) Don't be so terrified, Anne. We're safe. Dussel. Who says the danger has passe ? Don't you realize we are in greater danger than ever? Mr. Frank. Mr. Dussel, will you be still! (MR. FRANK takes ANNE back to the table, making her sit down with him, trying to calm her.) Dussel (pointing to PETER). Thanks to this clumsy fool, there's someone now who knows we're up here! Someone now knows we're up here, hiding! Mrs. Van Daan (going to DUSSEL). Someone knows we're here, yes. But who is the someone? A thief! A thief! You think a thief is going to go to the Green Police and say . . . "I was robbing a place the other night and I heard a noise up over my head?" You think a thief is going to do that? Dussel. Yes. I think he will. Mrs. Van Daan (hysterically). You're crazy! (She stumbles back to her seat at the table. PETER follows protectively, pushing DUSSEL aside.) Dussel. I think someday he'll be caught and then he'll make a bargain with the Green Police . . . if they'll let him off, he'll tell them where some Jews are hiding! [He goes off into the bedroom. There is a second of appalled silence. ] Mr. Van Daan. He's right. Anne. Father, let's get out of here! We can't stay here now ... Let's go ... Mr. Van Daan. Go! Where? Mrs. Frank (sinking into her chair at the table). Yes. Where? Mr. Frank (rising, to them all). Have we lost all faith? All courage? A moment ago WORDS TO OWN appalled v. used as adj.: horrified; shocked. 384
thought that they'd come for us. We were sure it was the end. But it wasn't the end. We're alive, safe. (MR. VAN DAAN goes to the table and sits. MR. FRANK prays) "We thank Thee, oh Lord our God, that in Thy infinite mercy Thou hast again seen fit to spare us." (He blows out the candle, then turns to ANNE.) Come on, Anne. The song! Let's have the song! (He starts to sing. ANNE finally starts falteringly to sing, as MR. FRANK urges her on. Her voice is hardly audible at first.) Anne (singing). Oh, Hanukkah! Oh, Hanukkah! The sweet . . . celebration . . .
Around the feast . . . we . . . gather in complete . . . jubilation . . . Happiest of sea . . . sons Now is here. Many are the reasons for good cheer. [DUSSEL comes from the bedroom. He comes over to the table, standing beside MARGOT, listening to them as they sing.] Together
We'll weather Whatever tomorrow may bring. [As they sing on with growing courage, the lights start to dim.] So hear us rejoicing And merrily voicing The Hanukkah song that we sing. Hoy!
Hear us rejoicing And merrily voicing The Hanukkah song that we sing. [They are still singing as the curtain falls.] Curtain 385
MAKING MEANINGS (ACT ONE, SCENES 4-5) Reading Check a. How do the events following Anne's nightmare in Scene 4 reveal tensions between Anne and two other members of the household? b. Describe how the Hanukkah celebration in Scene 5 is interrupted. • What does Peter do to make matters worse? • According to Dussel, how will this incident lead to their discovery by the police?
1. Now that you've read Scenes 4 and 5, how have your feelings about Anne and the other characters changed? (Check the notes you made while reading.) Shaping Interpretations 2. Go back to the list of characters you made after you read Scenes 1-3. Which adjectives, if any, would you change now? Why? 3. Anne is a dynamic character; that is, she changes in the course of the play. What does Anne's gift giving reveal about her? How do her gifts to her mother and Peter show that she has changed? 4. Describe the reversal-the sudden change in the characters' fortunes-that is central to Scene 5. How did it make you feel? 5. Imagine that you are watching this play in a theater. What questions do you have as the curtain comes down on Act One? What do you predict will happen in Act Two?
6. Reread Anne's conversation with her father on page 376. What does she say that reminds you the most-or the least-of yourself? Explain. Challenging the Text 7. The play's version of events differs in many ways from what actually happened. (Check the time fine for some of the actual facts.) For example: • In real life, Anne was given the diary as a present for her thirteenth birthday, several weeks before her family went into hiding. • The Frank family moved into the Secret Annex a week before the Van Pels family did. (Anne made up names. She called the Van Pels family the Van Daans.) • Margot was sixteen, not eighteen, when the Franks went into hiding. • The occupants of the Secret Annex often ventured to the lower floors of the office building after working hours. Why might the writers have chosen to change each of these details? Do you think the changes make the play more effective? Explain. 386
Act Two SCENE 1 In the darkness we hear ANNE's voice, again reading from the diary. Anne's Voice. Saturday, the first of January, nineteen forty-four. Another new year has begun and we find ourselves still in our hiding place. We have been here now for one year, five months, and twenty-five days. It seems that our life is at a standstill. [The curtain rises on the scene. It is late afternoon. Everyone is bundled up against the cold. In the main room MRS. FRANK is taking down the laundry, which is hung across the back. MR. FRANK sits in the chair down left, reading. MARGOT is lying on the couch with a blanket over her and the many-colored knitted scarf around her throat. ANNE is seated at the center table, writing in her diary. PETER, MR. and MRS. VAN DAAN, and DUSSEL are all in their own rooms, reading or lying down. As the lights dim on, ANNE's voice continues, without a break.] Anne's Voice. We are all a little thinner. The Van Daans' "discussions" are as violent as ever. Mother still does not understand me. But then I don't understand her either. There is one great change, however. A change in myself. I read somewhere that girls of my age don't feel quite certain of themselves. That they become quiet within and begin to think of the miracle that is taking place in their bodies. I think that what is happening to me is so wonderful. . . not only what can be seen, but what is taking place inside. Each time it has happened, I have a feeling that I have a sweet secret. (We hear the chimes and then a hymn being played on the carillon outside.) And in spite of any pain, I long for the time when I shall feel that secret within me again. 387
[The buzzer of the door below suddenly sounds. Everyone is startled. MR. FRANK tiptoes cautiously to the top of the steps and listens. Again the buzzer sounds, in MIEP's V-for-victory signal.]1 Mr. Frank. It's Miep! [He goes quickly down the steps to unbolt the door. MRS. FRANK calls upstairs to the VAN DAANs and then to PETER.] Mrs. Frank. Wake up, everyone! Miep is here! (ANNE quickly puts her diary away. MARGOT sits up, pulling the blanket around her shoulders. DUSSEL sits on the edge of his bed, listening, disgruntled. MIEP comes up the steps, followed by MR. KRALER. They bring flowers, books, newspapers, etc. ANNE rushes to MIEP, throwing her arms affectionately around her.) Miep ... and Mr. Kraler ... What a delightful surprise! Mr. Kraler. We came to bring you New Year's greetings. Mrs. Frank. You shouldn't ... you should have at least one day to yourselves. (She goes quickly to the stove and brings down teacups and tea for all of them.) Anne. Don't say that, it's so wonderful to see them! (Sniffing at MIEP'S coat) I can smell the wind and the cold on your clothes. Miep (giving her the flowers). There you are. (Then, to MARGOT, feeling her forehead) How are you, Margot? . . . Feeling any better? Margot. I'm all right. Anne. We filled her full of every kind of pill so she won't cough and make a noise. [She runs into her room to put the flowers in water. MR. and MRS. VAN DANN come from upstairs. Outside there is the sound of a band playing. ] Mrs. Van Daan. Well, hello, Miep. Mr. Kraler. Mr. Kraler (giving a bouquet of flowers o MRS. VAN DAAN). With my hope for peace in the New Year. Peter (anxiously). Miep, have you seen Mouschi? Have you seen him anywhere around? Miep. I'm sorry Peter. I asked everyone in the neighborhood had they seen a gray cat. But they said no. [MRS. FRANK gives MIEP a cup of tea. MR. FRANK comes up the steps, carrying a small cake on a plate.] Mr. Frank. Look what Miep's brought for us! Mrs. Frank (taking it). A cake! Mr. Van Daan. A cake! (He pinches MIEP's cheeks gaily and hurries up to the cupboard.) I'll get some plates. [DUSSEL, in his room, hastily puts a coat on and starts out to join the others.] Mrs. Frank. Thank you, Miepia. You should 't have done it. You must have used all of your sugar ration for weeks. (Giving it to MRS. VAN DAAN) It's beautiful, isn't it? Mrs. Van Daan. It's been ages since I even saw a cake. Not since you brought us one last year. (Without looking at the cake, to MIEP) Remember? Don't you remember, you gave us one New Year's Day? Just this time last year? 1’ll never forget it because you had "Peace in ninteen forty-three" on it. (She looks at the cake and reads) "Peace in nineteen forty-four!" Miep. Well, it has to come sometime, you know. (As DUSSEL comes from his room) Hello, Mr. Dussel. Mr. Kraler. How are you? Mr. Van Daan (bringing plates and a knife). Here's the knife, liefje. Now, how many of us are there? 1. V-for-victory signal: three short rings and one long ring, Morse code for the letter V, the Allied symbol for victory. WORDS TO OWN disgruntled v. used as adj.: displeased; annoyed. 388
LITERATURE AND SOCIAL STUDIES Taking a Stand While many Europeans, fearing for their own safety, did nothing as the Nazis took away their Jewish neighbors and friends, a courageous few like Miep and Kraler came to the aid of Jews. Some even hid Jews in their own homes for months or years and shared their meager rations with them. When Nazi police began arresting Jews in Denmark in 1943, the Danish population organized a daring rescue. As German ships waited in the harbor of Copenhagen to take the country's eight thousand Jews to concentration camps, more than seven thousand Jews were sneaked onto fishing boats. The boats then carried them to safety in Sweden. The state of Israel has honored many of those who risked their own lives to help Jews hide or escape during the Holocaust. A silver medal presented in their honor is inscribed with this saying from the Talmud (book of Jewish law): "One who saves a single life saves the entire universe." Miep. None for me, thank you. Mr. Frank. Oh, please. You must. Miep. I couldn't. Mr. Van Daan. Good! That leaves one . . . two . . . three . . . seven of us. Dussel. Eight! Eight! It's the same number as it always is! Mr. Van Daan. I left Margot out. I take it for granted Margot won't eat any. Anne. Why wouldn't she! Mrs. Frank. I think it won't harm her. Mr. Van Daan. All right! All right! I just didn't want her to start coughing again, that's all. Dussel. And please, Mrs. Frank should cut the cake. Mr. Van Daan. What's the difference? Mrs. Van Daan. It's not Mrs. Frank's cake, is it, Miep? It's for all of us. Dussel. Mrs. Frank divides things better. Mrs. Van Daan (going to DUSSEL).What are you trying to say? Mr. Van Daan. Oh, come on! Stop wasting time! Mrs. Van Daan (to DUSSEL). Don't I always give everybody exactly the same? Don't I? Mr. Van Daan. Forget it, Kerli. Mrs. Van Daan. No. I want an answer! Don't I? 389
Dussel. Yes. Yes. Everybody gets exactly the same . . . except Mr. Van Daan always gets a little bit more. [MR. VAN DAAN advances On DUSSEL, the knife still in his hand.] Mr. Van Daan. That's a lie! [DUSSEL retreats before the onslaught of the VAN DAANs. ] Mr. Frank. Please, please! (Then, to MIEP) You see what a little sugar cake does to us? It goes right to our heads! Mr. Van Daan (handing MRS. FRANK the knife). Here you are, Mrs. Frank. Mrs. Frank. Thank you. (Then, to MIEP, as she goes to the table to cut the cake) Are you sure you won't have some? Miep (drinking her tea). No, really, I have to go in a minute. [The sound of the band fades out in the distance. ] Peter (to MIEP). Maybe Mouschi went back to our house . . . they say that cats . . . Do you ever get over there . . . ? I mean . . . do you suppose you could . . . ? Miep. I'll try, Peter. The first minute I get, I'll try. But I'm afraid, with him gone a week . . . Dussel. Make up your mind, already someone has had a nice big dinner from that cat! [PETER is furious, inarticulate. He starts toward DUSSEL as if to hit him. MR. FRANK stops him. MRS. FRANK speaks quickly to ease the situation.] Mrs. Frank (to MIEP). This is delicious, Miep! Mrs. Van Daan (eating hers). Delicious! Mr. Van Daan (finishing it in one gulp). Dirk's in luck to get a girl who can bake like this! Miep (putting down her empty teacup). I have to run. Dirk's taking me to a party tonight. Anne. How heavenly! Remember now what everyone is wearing and what you have to eat and everything, so you can tell us tomorrow. Miep. I'll give you a full report! Goodbye, everyone! Mr. Van Daan (to MIEP). Just a minute. There' something I'd like you to do for me. (He hurries off up the stairs to his room.) Mrs. Van Daan (sharply). Putti, where are you going? (She rushes up the stairs after him calling hysterically.) What do you want? Putti what are you going to do? Miep (to PETER). What's wrong? Peter (his sympathy is with his mother). Father says he's going to sell her fur coat. She's crazy about that old fur coat. Dussel. Is it possible? Is it possible that anyone is so silly as to worry about a fur coat in time like this? Peter. It's none of your darn business . . . and if you say one more thing . . . I'll, I'll take you and I'll ... I mean it ... I'll ... [There is a piercing scream from MRS. VAN DAAN, above. She grabs at the fur coat as MR VAN DAAN is starting downstairs with it.] Mrs. Van Daan. No! No! No! Don't you dare take that! You hear? It's mine! (Downstairs PETER turns away, embarrassed, miserable. My father gave me that! You didn't give it to me. You have no right. Let go of it . . . you hear? [MR. VAN DAAN pulls the coat from her hand and hurries downstairs. MRS. VAN DAAN sinks to the floor, sobbing. As MR. VAN DAAN comes into the main room, the others look away, embarrassed for him.] Mr. Van Daan (to MR. KRALER). Just a little- WORDS TO OWN inarticulate adj.: unable to speak. Inarticulate also means "unable to speak understandably or effectively." 390
discussion over the advisability of selling this coat. As I have often reminded Mrs. Van Daan, it's very selfish of her to keep it when people outside are in such desperate need of clothing. . . . (He gives the coat to MIEP) So if you will please to sell it for us? It should fetch a good price. And by the way, will you get me cigarettes. I don't care what kind they are . . . get all you can. Miep. It's terribly difficult to get them, Mr. Van Daan. But I'll try. Goodbye. [She goes. MR. FRANK follows her down the steps to bolt the door after her. MRS. FRANK gives MR. KRALER a cup of tea. ] Mrs. Frank. Are you sure you won't have some cake, Mr. Kraler? Mr. Kraler. I'd better not. Mr. Van Daan. You're still feeling badly? What does your doctor say? Mr. Kraler. I haven't been to him. Mrs. Frank. Now, Mr. Kraler! . . . Mr. Kraler (sitting at the table). Oh, I tried. But you can't get near a doctor these days . . . they're so busy. After weeks I finally managed to get one on the telephone. I told him I'd like an appointment . . . I wasn't feeling very well. You know what he answers . . . over the telephone . . . "Stick out your tongue!" (They laugh. He turns to MR. FRANK as MR. FRANK comes back.) I have some contracts here . . . I wonder if you'd look over them with me . . . Mr. Frank (putting out his hand). Of course. Mr. Kraler (he rises). If we could go downstairs . . . (MR. FRANK starts ahead; MR. KRALER speaks to the others.) Will you forgive us? I won't keep him but a minute. (He starts to follow MR. FRANK down the steps.) Margot (with sudden foreboding). What's happened? Something's happened! Hasn't it, Mr. Kraler? [MR. KRALER stops and comes back, trying to reassure MARGOT with a pretense of casualness.] Mr. Kraler. No, really. I want your father's advice . . . Margot. Something's gone wrong! I know it! Mr. Frank (coming back, to MR. KRALER). If it's something that concerns us here, it's better that we all hear it. Mr. Kraler (turning to him, quietly). But . . . the children . . . ? Mr. Frank. What they'd imagine would be worse than any reality. [AS MR. KRALER speaks, they all listen with intense apprehension. MRS. VAN DAAN comes down the stairs and sits on the bottom step.] Mr. Kraler. It's a man in the storeroom . . . I don't know whether or not you remember him . . . Carl, about fifty, heavyset, nearsighted . . . He came with us just before you left. Mr. Frank. He was from Utrecht? Mr. Kraler. That's the man. A couple of weeks ago, when I was in the storeroom, he closed the door and asked me. . . "How's Mr. Frank? What do you hear from Mr. Frank?" I told him I only knew there was a rumor that you were in Switzerland. He said he'd heard that rumor too, but he thought I might know something more. I didn't pay any attention to it . . . but then a thing happened yesterday . . . He'd brought some invoices to the office for me to sign. As I was going through them, I looked up. He was standing staring at the bookcase . . . your bookcase. He said he thought he remembered a door there . . . Wasn't there a door there that used to go up to the loft? Then he told me he wanted more money. Twenty guilders 2 more a week. Mr. Van Daan. Blackmail! Mr. Frank. Twenty guilders? Very modest blackmail. Mr. Van Daan. That's just the beginning. Dussel (coming to MR. FRANK). You know what I think? He was the thief who was down there 2. guilders: Dutch money. 391
that night. That's how he knows we're here. Mr. Frank (to MR. KRALER). How was it left? What did you tell him? Mr. Kraler. I said I had to think about it. What shall I do? Pay him the money? . . . Take a chance on firing him . . . or what? I don't know. Dussel (frantic). For God's sake, don't fire him! Pay him what he asks ... keep him here where you can have your eye on him. Mr. Frank. Is it so much that he's asking? What are they paying nowadays? Mr. Kraler. He could get it in a war plant. But this isn't a war plant. Mind you, I don't know if he really knows ... or if he doesn't know. Mr. Frank. Offer him half. Then we'll soon find out if it's blackmail or not. Dussel. And if it is? We've got to pay it, haven't we? Anything he asks we've got to pay! Mr. Frank. Let's decide that when the time comes. Mr. Kraler. This may be all my imagination. You get to a point, these days, where you suspect everyone and everything. Again and again ... on some simple look or word, I've found myself... [The telephone rings in the office below.] Mrs. Van Daan (hurrying to MR. KRALER). There's the telephone! What does that mean, the telephone ringing on a holiday? Mr. Kraler. That's my wife. I told her I had to go over some papers in my office ... to call me there when she got out of church. (He starts out.) I'll offer him half, then. Goodbye ... we'll hope for the best! [The group call their goodbyes halfheartedly. MR. FRANK follows MR. KRALER to bolt the door below. During the following scene, MR. FRANK comes back up and stands listening, disturbed.] Dussel (to MR. VAN DAAN). You can thank your son for this ... smashing the light! I tell you, it's just a question of time now. (He goes to the window at the back and stands looking out.) Margot. Sometimes I wish the end would come ... whatever it is. Mrs. Frank (shocked). Margot! [ANNE goes to MARGOT, sitting beside her on the couch with her arms around her.] Margot. Then at least we'd know where we were. Mrs. Frank. You should be ashamed of yourself! Talking that way! Think how lucky we arc! Think of the thousands dying in the war, everyday. Think of the people in concentration camps. Anne (interrupting). What's the good of that? What's the good of thinking of misery when you're already miserable? That's stupid! Mrs. Frank. Anne! [As ANNE goes on raging at her mother, FRANK tries to break in, in an effort to quiet her] |