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SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

Postgraduate Presentations 2009
Wednesday 7^th January 2009,

1.30pm – 4.30pm, LT4

QMC Medical School

Thursday 8^th January 2009,

1.30pm – 4.30pm, LT4

QMC Medical School

Programme & abstracts

School of Biomedical Sciences Annual Postgraduate Research Seminars 2009

January 7^th 2009, LT4, The Medical School

Session 1 (1.30pm – 4.30pm) Chair: Amy Warner and Rich Anderson

1.30 – 1.45	Jane KRAUSE	The effect of breakfast on mood, cognition and satiety
1.45– 2.00	Michelle MURPHY	The effect of central thyroid hormone on the regulation of energy balance, using a seasonal rodent (Phodopus sungorus)t
2.00 – 2.15	Idris SIDIQUE	Analysis of Satellite cells in human and rat muscles
2.15 - 2.30	Roslina ABDUL RAHIM	Molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of Pioglitazone therapy in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
2.30 – 2.45	Craig PORTER	Depletion of carnitine in rat myocardium and skeletal muscle by oral mildronate administration
2.45 – 3.00	Joanna STRACHAN	Studies of the atrogene ZNF216 in skeletal muscle atrophy

Session 2 (3.30pm – 4.30pm) Chair: Lydia Staniaszek and Salmin Al-Shalmani

3.30 – 3.45	Bright OKINE	Effects of sustained inhibition of FAAH on endocannabinoid synthesis and catabolism in the midbrain and liver
3.45 – 4.00	Laura LYONS	The effect of chemotherapy on memory and neurogenesis in rats
4.00 – 4.15	Caitlin JONES	Memantine improves isolation rearing-induced recognition memory deficits in rats
4.15 – 4.30	Emeka UHIARA	The role of ERK-MAP kinase in -adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilatation in porcine isolated coronary artery

School of Biomedical Sciences Annual Postgraduate Research Seminars 2009

January 8^th 2009, LT4, The Medical School

Session 3 (1.30pm – 4.30pm) Chair: Tom Webb and Paul Tisdale

1.30 – 1.45	Filip CIESIELSKI	Bacterial outer membranes: lipopolysaccharide and the role of lipid rafts in host invasion – solid state NMR study
1.45– 2.00	Emma EVANS	The effect of hypoxia and oxidative stress on STAT3 regulation in primary cardiomyoctyes
2.00 – 2.15	Ameena HAIDER	Identification of residues involved in the expression and function of human ABCG2
2.15 - 2.30	Corentin CLAEYS BOUUAERT	In vitro transposition of the human Hsmar1 element
2.30 – 2.45	Christopher KAY	Protein import in the Trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosome - a mitochondrially derived organelle
2.45 – 3.00	Mohd Fadzelly ABU BAKAR	Antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of selected indigenous fruits of Borneo Island

Session 4 (3.30pm – 4.30pm) Chair: Susie Woods and Flavia Sciota

3.30 – 3.45	Jariya UMKA	Valproic acid produces deficits in hippocampal dependent cognition and inhibits neurogenesis
3.45 – 4.00	Darren EDWARDS	Investigating cortical descending control of the peripheral auditory system
4.00 – 4.15	Joe SOLLINI	Probing the dependence of localisation ability on signal detectability: A methodological study
4.15 – 4.30	Samreen MEMON	Protective effect of folate and Vitamin C for cardiac defects induced by ethanol in chick embryos: the role of Connexins

The effects of breakfast on mood, cognition and satiety

By J. E. Krause, I. A. Macdonald & M A Taylor

School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH
Background:

Eating breakfast is a widely recognised health practice. Many studies in children have demonstrated that missing breakfast can have a detrimental effect on performance of reaction time, spatial memory, working memory and mood (Mahoney et al., 2005). While other studies in adults and children have shown no effect (Dye et al., 2000). The effect of macronutrient compositions of breakfast has not yet been quantified.

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the consumption/omission of breakfast affects the cognitive/mood response and subjective ratings of satiety before and after the provision of a standardised lunch. An additional important aim of the study was to test a novel protocol which will be used in subsequent studies.

Materials & Methods:

12 healthy female subjects (age range 18-45, BMI 19-25kg/m²) were either provided with breakfast (10% estimated energy expenditure) or no breakfast in a randomised cross-over design. Blood samples and ratings of mood hunger and satiety (using visual analogue scales) were collected every 30minutes throughout the study. A battery of cognitive tests were completed every hour. A standardised lunch was provided 180 minutes after breakfast consumption (30% estimated energy expenditure) and testing continued for a further 120minutes.

Results:

Breakfast provision resulted in a significant increase in subjective ratings of satiety (p=0.004), cheerfulness (p=0.022), liveliness (p=0.17), friendliness (p=0.027) and a reduction in subjective ratings of anger (p=0.011) in comparison to the no breakfast condition. Breakfast provision resulted in an improvement of subjects choice reaction times, verbal and spatial memory which was approaching significance.

Conclusions:

The results indicate that the provision of breakfast was associated with an increase in subjective ratings of satiety and mood, and an improvement in cognitive functioning.

References

Mahoney CR, Taylor HA, Kanarek RB, Samuel P (2005) Effect of breakfast composition on cognitive processes in elementary school children. Physiol Behav 85:635-645.

Dye L, Lluch A, Blundell JE (2000) Macronutrients and mental performance. Nutrition 16:1021-1034.

The effect of central thyroid hormone on the regulation of energy balance, using a seasonal rodent (Phodopus sungorus).

¹Murphy, M., ¹Jethwa P.H., ¹Warner A., ²Barrett P., ²Nilaweera K. N., ³Brameld J., ¹Ebling F. J. P.
¹University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK

²Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, United Kingdom

³ Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Nottingham, School of Biosciences, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
Siberian hamsters display photoperiodically-regulated annual cycles in body weight, food intake and reproductive ability. The hypothalamic gene encoding type III deiodinase (DIO3), an enzyme which catabolises thyroxine (T4) to reverse tri-iodothyronine (rT3), has been shown to be regulated by photoperiod, with higher expression of DIO3 in the short photoperiod (SP) compared to long photoperiod (LP). We hypothesise that changes in hypothalamic T3 availability may underlie these seasonal changes. The objective of this study was to test our hypothesis by imposing an increased T3 availability in the hypothalamus of hamsters in short photoperiod. Following administration of hypothalamic implants hamsters were separated in to 4 groups, 2 groups (sham and T3 treated) were put in to LP (8 hours dark: 16 hours light) and 2 groups (sham and T3 treated) continued in SP (16 hours dark: 8 hours light). The T3 implants in the hypothalamus of hamsters in SP induced a LP phenotype, with increased food intake followed by a gain in body weight. We also found that testis size and epididymal fat levels increased to the expected level for hamsters in LP. Coat colour was not influenced by T3, suggesting that this prolactin-mediated axis is under separate control. In animals under SP the response to T3 was more rapid than control hamsters transferred to LP. This data points to hypothalamic T3 having a Key role of in regulating the seasonal physiology and behaviour of Siberian hamsters. Funded by BBSRC targeted studentships (MM, AW) and project grant BB/E020437/1.

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