S. Kell and contributors April 16, 2004 pgr forum evk2-2001-00192

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Table 2. Inventory of selected species (for in-depth data gathering) and data availability (see Annex 1 for list of taxa by country and participant)

Family	Genus	Species	Scale of data	Geographical area	Level of detail	Data source	Accessibility
Alliaceae	Allium	ampeloprasum	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea, MSc SRD, BPGV, European Allium Central Crop Database (ECP/GR), etc
	Allium	angulosum	National	Lithuania			See completed taxon data sheet
	Allium	oleraceum	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data and occurrence in 10x10 km grid squares	Karpavičienė B., 2002: Allium oleraceum populations: ecological attachment and reproduction. – Botanica Lithuanica, 8(2): 103–110.	Available on request
	Allium	roseum	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea, MSc SRD, BPGV, European Allium Central Crop Database (ECP/GR), etc
	Allium	schoenoprasum	National	Czech Republic	93 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request
	Allium	schoenoprasum ssp. sibiricum	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces
Amaryllidaceae	Narcissus	cavanillesii	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Narcissus	willkommii	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Narcissus	willkommii	National	Portugal			See completed taxon data sheet
	Narcissus	willkommii	National	Spain			See completed taxon data sheet
Apiaceae	Angelica	archangelica	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces
	Carum	carvi	National	Czech Republic	444 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request
Araceae	Carum	carvi	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces
	Acorus	calamus	National	Czech Republic	195 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	See completed taxon data sheet
Asparagaceae	Asparagus	officinalis	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces
	Asparagus	Officinalis ssp. prostratus	National	Britain			See completed taxon data sheet
Asteraceae	Achillea	millefolium	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data and occurrence in 10x10 km grid squares	Radušienė J., Gudaitytė O., 2002. Characterization of Achillea millefolium populations growing in Lithuania. – Biologija, 4 (Suppl.): 40–44.	Available on request
	Arnica	montana	National	Lithuania			See completed taxon data sheet
	Arnica	montana	National	Norway	Detailed population data
	Helichrysum	arenarium	Provincial	Lithuania	Detailed population data	Radusiene J., 2002: Phenotypic variation in Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench from natural habitats. – Biologija , 1: 65–68.	Available on request
	Lactuca	seriola	National	Czech Republic	1097 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request
Brassicaceae	Camelina	sativa	Provincial	Slovakia	Detailed population data	vurv.sk	Available
Cannabaceae	Humulus	lupulus	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces
Chenopodiaceae	Beta	trigyna	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
Corylaceae	Corylus	colurna	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
	Corylus	avellana	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
	Corylus	maxima	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
Elaeagnaceae	Hippophae	rhamnoides	National	Norway	Detailed population data
Ericaceae	Oxycoccus	palustris	National	Lithuania	Infraspecific diversity and distribution	Lekavicius A.A., Butkus V. F., 1972: Uncommon and new taxa of Lithuanian flora (2. Infraspecific formas of genus Oxycoccus. Proc. Lith. Acad. Sci. Ser. B, 1(57) (in Russian) Butkus V., 1984: Cranberry resources. In: The Cepkeliai Reservation: 87-88 (in Lithuanian) Butkus V., 1993: Berry resources. In: The Zuvintas Reservation: 214-217 (In Russian)	Available on request
	Vaccinium	vitis-idaea	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data and ecological distribution	Budriuniene D., Daubaras R., Labokas J., 1993: Dynamics of lingonberry-fields and factors determining their productivity. Proc. Lith. Forest Inst. 33: 157-168.	Available on request
Fabaceae	Lotus	corniculatus	Regional	Slovakia	Occurrence within provinces	vurv.sk	Available
	Lupinus	albus	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	angustifolius	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	angustifolius	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea, MSc SRD, etc	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	cosentinii	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea, MSc SRD, etc	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	cosentinii	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	Available, conversion may be necessary
	Lupinus	gredensis	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	hispanicus	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea, MSc SRD, etc
	Lupinus	hispanicus	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	luteus	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
	Lupinus	micranthus	Regional	Iberian Peninsula	Occurrence in 1x1 km grid squares	Personal compilation of data	See completed taxon data sheet
Fabaceae	Lupinus	micranthus	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea, MSc SRD, etc
	Medicago	sativa	Regional	Slovakia	Occurrence within provinces	vurv.sk	Available
	Trifolium	ambiguum	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
	Trifolium	pratense	Regional	Slovakia	Occurrence within provinces	vurv.sk	Available
	Trifolium	pratense	Regional	Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden			See completed taxon data sheet
	Trifolium	repens	National	Czech Republic	4462 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request
	Trifolium	subterraneum	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
Lamiaceae	Origanum	vulgare	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces		See completed taxon data sheet
	Origanum	vulgare	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data and occurrence in 10x10 km grid squares	Radusiene J., Karpaviciene B., Radaitiene D., 2002: Primary evaluation of Origanum vulgare germplasm in Lithuania. Sci. Works of LIH & LUA. Horticulture and Vegetable Growing. 21(1): 21-32 Radusiene J., Venskutonis P. R. and Stankeviciene D., 2003: Morphological and Chemical Variation of Origanum vulgare L. from Lithuania. Abstracts of the 3rd World Congress on Medicinal & Aromatic Plants for Human Welfare, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Feb.3-7, 2003.	Available on request
	Thymus	praecox ssp. arcticus	National	Norway	Detailed population data
	Thymus	pulegioides	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data and occurrence in 10x10 km grid squares	Ložienė K., Vaičiūnienė J., 1999: Infraspecific diversity and habitat characteristics of lax thyme (Thymus pulegioides L.). – Botanica Lithuanica, 5(1): 27–40 (In Lith. with En. summ.) Ložienė K., Venskutonis P. R., Vaičiūnienė J., 2002: Chemical diversity of essential oil of Thymus pulegioides L. and Thymus serpyllum L. growing in Lithuania. – Biologija, 1: 62-64.	Available on request
Lamiaceae	Thymus	serpyllum	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data and occurrence in 10x10 km grid squares	Ložienė K., 2002: Infraspecific taxa of Thymus serpyllum (Lamiaceae) growing in Lithuania. – Thaiszia – Journal of Botany, 12: 61–74. Ložienė K., Vaičiūnienė J., Venskutonis P. R., 1998: Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Creeping Thyme (Thymus serpyllum s. l.) Growing Wild in Lithuania. – Planta Medica, 64(8): 772–773.	Available on request
Orchidaceae	Cypripedium	calceolus	National	Spain	Occurrence in 10x10 km grid squares	Unpublished report from the Department of Environment of the Aragon region	See completed taxon data sheet
Pinaceae	Abies	alba	National	Romania		Romanian Flora	See completed taxon data sheet
	Pinus	sylvestris	National	Romania		Romanian Flora	See completed taxon data sheet
Poaceae	Aegilops	cylindrica	Provincial	Slovakia	Detailed population	vurv.sk	Available
	Aegilops	cylindrica	Provincial	Slovakia	Detailed population data	vurv.sk	Available
	Aegilops	geniculata	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea,
	Aegilops	neglecta	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea,
	Aegilops	triuncialis	National	Portugal	Population data	Genebank-Genetics, Flora de Portugal, Flora Europaea,
	Festuca	rubra	National	Slovakia	Occurrence within provinces	vurv.sk	Available
	Festuca	rubra	National	Czech Republic	6827 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request
	Festuca	rubra	Regional	Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden			See completed taxon data sheet
	Lolium	perene	National	Slovakia	Occurrence within provinces	vurv.sk	Available
	Lolium	multiflorum	National	Czech Republic	112 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request

Family	Genus	Species	Scale of data	Geographical area	Level of detail	Data source	Accessibility
Poaceae	Phleum	Pratense ssp. pratense	Regional	Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden			See completed taxon data sheet
	Poa	remonta	National	Czech Republic	73 (Number of localities where the species was localized)	National phytosociological db	Available on request
	Secale	montanum	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
Rosaceae	Crataegus	monogyna	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data	Labokas J., 2002: Properties of common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) populations. – Biologija, 1: 59–61. Labokas J., 2002b: Fruit phenotypic variation in Crataegus monogyna. – Biologija, 4 (Suppl.): 51–53.	Available on request
	Malus	sylvestris	National	Belgium			See completed taxon data sheet
	Prunus	cerassifera	National	Slovakia	Occurrence within provinces	vurv.sk	Available
	Pyrus	bourgaeana	National	Portugal	Population data	Das pereiras bravas de Portugal, CM, Flora de Portugal
	Pyrus	cordata	National	Portugal	Population data	Das pereiras bravas de Portugal, CM, Flora de Portugal
	Pyrus	nivalis	National	Romania		Romanian Flora
	Pyrus	pyraster	National	Portugal	Population data	Das pereiras bravas de Portugal, CM, Flora de Portugal
	Rubus	chamaemorus	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces
	Rubus	plicatus	National	Lithuania	Detailed population data	Kavaliauskas S., 2000: Influence of ecological conditions of the habitat upon the variability of Rubus plicatus. – Botanica Lithuanica, 6(4): 365–374.	Available on request
Scrophulariaceae	Digitalis	purpurea	National	Norway	Occurrence within provinces

5.4 Example datasets
To assist in the process of example dataset collection, a methodology was used based on the methodology of data collection used by the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC). A taxon data sheet (TDS) was adapted from a version developed by the CBSG (www.cbsg.org). We are grateful to the CBSG for allowing us to make use of the TDS and the CAMP database, in which the data is stored electronically.
The original CBSG TDS was designed for use in Conservation Assessment and Management Planning (CAMP) workshops. This was initially for conservation management planning for animal populations, though the system has also worked successfully for plant populations. Some initial adaptations have been made to the CBSG TDS to make it more appropriate for crop wild relative data, but the basic structure remains the same in order that the data can easily be entered into the CAMP database.
It is not suggested that this system is used in the long term for the collation of CWR data, but it provided a short-term structured approach to the collection of the initial trial datasets.
Taxon data for 21 taxa have been collated to date (see Table 3). Initial exploratory data collection is very encouraging in terms of the data availability. These datasets can be used as models for further discussion. They are available for download in the PGR Forum intranet.
Table 3. Example taxon datasets

Taxon	Country(ies)
Abies alba	Romania
Acorus calamus	Czech Republic
Allium angulosum	Lithuania
Arnica montana	Lithuania
Asparagus officinalis subsp. prostratus	Britain
Cypripedium calceolus	Spain
Festuca rubra	Denmark; Finland; Iceland; Norway; Sweden
Lupinus albus	Spain
Lupinus angustifolius	Spain; Portugal
Lupinus cosentinii	Spain
Lupinus gredensis	Spain
Lupinus hispanicus	Spain
Lupinus luteus	Spain
Lupinus micranthus	Spain
Malus sylvestris	Belgium
Narcissus cavanillesii	Spain
Narcissus willkommii	Spain; Portugal; Iberian Peninsula
Origanum vulgare	Norway
Phleum pratense subsp. pratense	Denmark; Finland; Iceland; Norway; Sweden
Pinus sylvestris	Romania
Trifolium pratense subsp. pratense	Denmark; Finland; Iceland; Norway; Sweden

NB: A case study data entry module is currently under development and will be made available to participants via the project intranet.

6.0 User requirement survey

A fundamental aspect of the development of the crop wild relative information system is to ascertain the requirements of its users.

In addition to discussions held during PGR Forum Workshops 1 and 3, a preliminary user requirement survey (Phase 1) was conducted amongst PGR Forum participants by way of a questionnaire distributed prior to WS3. In this survey, which was combined with a survey of expertise available within the forum, and request for a list of selected case study taxa for in depth data gathering, respondents were asked to provide examples of the type of questions that they might wish to ask the CWR information system. The results of this preliminary survey are provided below. It was decided at WS3 that the survey methodology would be revised and re-circulated internally, with a request for further responses, to build on the results of Phase 1.
In combination with the results of Phase 1, the results of the current survey (Phase 2) will be analysed and some examples of use cases established. The survey methodology and results will subsequently be re-circulated to allow participants to conduct more extensive local surveys of user requirements within their own country (Phase 3).
The user requirement survey has been revised and made available on-line. Before making the survey available more widely (Phase 3), PGR Forum participants are invited to test the survey and comment on its content and structure so that final changes can be made before it is placed in the live domain. The survey is available at: http://www.pgrforum.org/database/test/surveyform.asp
The on-line discussion forum can also be utilised to further these goals, both through internal discussions and by inviting guests to contribute. To participate in the online discussions go to: http://www.pgrforum.org/Partner_intranet/index.asp You will have to log in to the intranet to access the discussion forum. Please note that in order to post a message you must first register as a user.
6.1 Aims

The aim of the user requirement survey is not to decide on the precise data types (or fields) required in the information system, but rather to ascertain how the broad categories of data types will be queried in the system. For example, while User A may simply require a list of all Lupinus spp. occurring in Spain, User B may require distribution maps of Lupinus spp. occurring in protected areas in Spain, while User C may require a list of uses of Lupinus species, contact details for researchers in Lupinus, and a record of accessions held in ex situ collections. These three queries are related to each other via the taxon of interest, but they clearly demand very different functionalities in the information system. This interrelationship between the broad data categories can only be translated into practical terms by analysing the types of information retrieval required by the user.

Some requirements will only emerge once users see a working database and try to use it for their work. Therefore, an iterative “develop and review” methodology will be employed for building the information system. An early deliverable will be a prototype database with very simple and basic functions, providing something of immediate value to users. Testing of the prototype will allow further requirements to emerge. More functions will be added at regular intervals during the project, so that the working prototype grows into the final system in managed stages.
6.2 Results of the preliminary survey (Phase 1)

Seven questionnaire responses were received. A list of example questions is shown in Table 4; these are reproduced directly from the questionnaire responses.

Table 4: Example questions for the CWR information system (Phase 1 survey)

From an extinct species (e.g. Aa) in a certain place (e.g. Prague) does germplasm conserved ex situ exist?

Show conservation measures applicable to a species.

Show dendograms of genetic diversity of a genus and distribution map.

Breeding systems.

Countries where it occurs in nature and contact institute for research.

Quantification (e.g.% of occurrence in a given area, threatened (levels), and possibility of mapping it.

Map actual distribution and potential future occurrence for the species.

List the species priority for in situ conservation.

List the species priority for in situ and ex situ conservation.

List all European CWR populations of Narcissus occurring in protected areas.

List all crop wild relatives of Lupinus of which cultivars have not been obtained.

Which is the largest genetic reserve of Origanum vulgare in Spain?

Which is the genetic reserve with greatest genetic diversity of Rosmarinus in Spain?

What are the contact details of the managers of CWR genetic reserves in Spain?

Provide an estimate of the percentage of CWR populations of Antirrhinum occurring in protected areas.

List CWR populations of Rosmarinus occurring in protected areas that have seed accessions conserved in seedbanks.

List the occurrence of Lupinus populations in Spain recorded in the last 50 years and compare it with the records from previous years.

How many CWRs exist in Doñana National Park?

What practical conservation measures are being adopted in Doñana National Park for the conservation of CWRs?

List marginal habitats of Arnica montana.

List all known cultivars of Vaccinium vitis-idaea in Europe.

List main uses of Prunus spinosa in Germany.

Data proving the species/taxon status as the CWR (e.g. data on existing cultivars, cultivation practices, genetic relations, etc.)

Which plants are considered as Crop Wild Relatives?

List all extinct Romanian Crop Wild Relatives

Is (European) Beta trigyna used in current breeding programs?

How many (European) medicinal plants are critically endangered?

List all vulnerable European endemic plants.

Is the use of medicinal plants compatible with conservation?

An initial analysis of these questions indicates ten broad information categories/functions are required (Table 5).

Table 5: Information categories identified from an initial analysis of the questions provided in Phase 1.

Taxonomy/nomenclature

Current uses

Relationship of CWR to crop

Priority species for conservation

Current, historical and potential distribution, including:
- Country occurrence/extent of occurrence
- Number of populations
- Record of extinctions
- Mapping function/GIS layers

Ecology and habitat

Threat status

Conservation measures, including:

Occurrence in named protected areas and genetic reserves
Ex situ holdings in gene banks

References to specific research projects

Contacts

6.3 Phase 2 questionnaire and test results

The questionnaire for Phase 2 (Annex 2) has been designed to allow for simple, rational results to be obtained that can be further analysed to assist in the ongoing development of the information system. It should be noted that ongoing discussions regarding the data types required for the CWR information system are taking place in parallel with this survey. These will also be conducted on-line and build upon the current draft list of data types produced as a result of discussions held leading up to, and during Workshop 3, In situ data management methodologies (September 2003, Prague).

PGR Forum participants have been invited to test the online user requirement survey and to provide feedback on its content and structure so that final changes can be made before it is placed in the live domain. The results of this test phase are outlined below.
6.3.1 Section A: Research interests

18 survey responses have been received as of 15-04-04

14 PGR Forum partners
1 member of the Advisory Board
3 other participants

The majority of respondents are members of ECP/GR and/or another PGR network

All respondents have an interest in accessing information on crop plants and their wild relatives, both through their institution and personally

Main institutional research interests:

Conservation and utilisation of PGR
Agricultural and crop research, including agrobiodiversity, agroecology, nutrition and medicine
Crop production
Plant genetics
Plant breeding and evaluation
In situ (including on farm) conservation
Ex situ conservation
Archeobotany
Ethnobotany
Teaching (plant breeding, genetic resources, tropical crop husbandry)
PGR documentation technology and information management
Database management and development, including ECP/GR Central Crop Databases
Conservation of Mediterranean plant endemics and Cruciferae
Evaluation and utilization of Beta and Avena genetic resources

Specific research interests:

Conservation and use of PGR
Diversity and evaluation of crop wild relatives
Plant breeding
Plant population biology
In situ (including on farm) CWR conservation
Ex situ CWR conservation
Gene bank management
Seed conservation methodologies and seed aging
Production of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Genetic resources documentation
Geographic Information Systems
Food and forage legumes
Medicinal plants
Fruit trees, including Crataegus, Rubus, and Vaccinium
Brassica genomics
Wild Triticeae
Genetic diversity in Beta
Genetic diversity on Avena landraces
Wheat, barley and Triticale

6.3.2 Section B: Information of interest

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