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Review of the species of New World Erythroneurini


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Distribution: Central and eastern USA, southeastern Canada.

Host plants: Quercus alba.
19. Eratoneura impar (Beamer, 1931) (Fig. 19, Plate 2s)

Erythroneura impar Beamer, 1931a:133

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) impar Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura impar Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 2.9–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, extended beyond 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate near base, branches parallel to each other, not extended to pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex short, toothlike; third point of style apex very short or absent. Aedeagus with preatrium shorter than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, compressed, denticulate distally, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Kansas, Anderson Co., 26 XI 1927 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central and Eastern USA.

Host plants: Quercus muehlenbergii, Q. prinus, and other species of Quercus.
20. Eratoneura carmini (Beamer, 1929) (Fig. 20, Plate 2t)

Erythroneura carmini Beamer, 1929b:121

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) carmini Young, 1952b:86

Eratoneura carmini Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:
Description: Length 2.9–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate near base, branches parallel to each other, extended to pygofer apex, straight in dorsal and lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point absent or short and toothlike. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, compressed, denticulate distally, with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex acuminate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Kansas, Anderson Co., 9 IX 1927 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: USA, southern Canada.

Host plants: Quercus macrocarpa, Q. lyrata, Q. michauxii, Q. stellata, Q. pagoda, and other species of Quercus.
21. Eratoneura forfex (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 21, Plate 2u)

Erythroneura forfex Beamer, 1932e:82

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) forfex Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura forfex Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:135
Description: Length 2.8–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate near base, branches parallel to each other, extended to pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second and third points of style apex very short, toothlike. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Arkansas, Polk Co., 21 VIII 1928 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central and eastern USA.

Host plants: Quercus alba, Q. macrocarpa, and other species of Quercus.
22. Eratoneura linea (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 22, Plate 3a)

Erythroneura linea Beamer, 1932c:47

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) linea Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura linea Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 2.5–2.7 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage expanded and denticulate at apex, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, about as long as distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, with large lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Kansas, Cherokee Co., 29 XI 1928 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central USA and south central Canada.

Host plants: Betula sp.
23. Eratoneura rangifer (Ross & DeLong, 1950) (Fig. 23, Plate 3b)

Erythroneura rangifer Ross & DeLong, 1950a:292

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) rangifer Young, 1952b:120

Eratoneura rangifer Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 2.5–2.7 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage expanded at apex with numerous long spines, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved ventrad, broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, with lateral lobes at base, without appendages; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Clark Co., Rocky Branch, on Corylus americana, 14 IX 1949 (Stannard & Ross), (INHS).

Distribution: Central and northeastern USA.

Host plants: Corylus americana.
24. Eratoneura dimidiata (Knull, 1949) (Fig. 24, Plate 3c)

Erythroneura dimidiata Knull, 1949a:122

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) dimidiata Young, 1952b:88

Eratoneura dimidiata Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:135
Description: Length 2.5–2.7 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended to pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, curved upward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, with lateral lobes at base; apex broadened in ventral view, abruptly bent dorsad; without basal processes; distal processes short, apical, toothlike. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Ohio, Hocking Co., 28 VI, (Knull), (OSU).

Distribution: Central and eastern USA.

Host plants: Corylus americana.
25. Eratoneura sanctaerosae (Hepner, 1967) (Fig. 25, Plate 3d)

Erythroneura sanctaerosae Hepner, 1967a:24

Eratoneura sanctaerosae Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at middle. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, about as long as distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Co., on Acer rubrum, 13 VIII 1955 (Mead), (INHS).

Distribution: The species is known only from the type locality in Florida.

Host plants: Unknown; the holotype was collected on Acer rubrum.
26. Eratoneura betulae sp.n. (Fig. 26, Plate 3e)
Description: Length 2.9 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended to pygofer apex, straight in dorsal and lateral view, widest at base, branches crossing each other in dorsal view. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Dorsal apodeme of aedeagus parallelsided, connection to pygofer membranous; preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed and triangular in ventral view, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Dorsum yellowish with red or orange color pattern; vertex with orange parallel submedial lines with lateral branch and pale midline; anteclypeus pale, concolorous with rest of face; pronotum with Y-shaped medial vitta; mesonotum pale, with reddish lateral triangles, apex concolorous with rest of mesonotum; thoracic venter entirely pale; forewings with broken oblique vittae, without crossbands; clavus with separate basal and distal vittae, with dark spot on costal margin, inner apical cell with brown spot basally.

Diagnosis: Similar to E. concisa (Beamer) and E. spala (Ross & DeLong), but with the shaft of the aedeagus triangular in ventral view and the branches of the forked pygofer appendage crossing each other in dorsal view.

Type locality: Holotype *, Canada, New Brunswick, Fredericton, on Betula lutea, 30 VIII 1959 (Varty), (INHS).

Studied material: Paratypes: 2 *, Canada, New Brunswick, Odell Park, Fredericton, on Betula lutea, 25 IX 1961 (Varty), (CNC); 1 *, same locality, on Betula lutea, 29 IX 1961 (Varty), (MEM); 1 *, same locality, on Betula lutea, 11 X 1961 (Varty), (MEM).

Distribution: The species is known only from the type locality in New Brunswick.

Host plants: Betula lutea.

Notes: The name refers to the host plant.
27. Eratoneura concisa (Beamer, 1931) (Fig. 27, Plate 3f)

Erythroneura concisa Beamer, 1931d:286

Erythroneura consueta Beamer, 1932d:71, syn.n.

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) concisa Young, 1952b:86

Erythroneura caverna Hepner, 1967a:23, syn.n.

Erythroneura lucora Hepner, 1967a:24, syn.n.

Eratoneura concisa Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:135
Description: Length 2.9–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage bifurcate far from base, variable in shape, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at middle. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft curved ventrad, broad in lateral view, depressed, round in ventral view, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes; apex broadened in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Kansas, Anderson Co., 26 XI 1927 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central and eastern USA, southeastern Canada.

Host plants: Aesculus sp., Corylus americana.

Notes: Taxa here treated as synonyms appear to represent intraspecific variation in the shape and relative length of the branches of the pygofer appendage (Fig. 27a1–a4).
28. Eratoneura spala (Ross & DeLong, 1950) (Fig. 28, Plate 3g)

Erythroneura spala Ross & DeLong, 1950a:294

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) spala Young, 1952b:120

Eratoneura spala Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 2.4–2.6 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, curved upward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Clark Co., Rocky Branch, on Fagus grandifolia, 14 IX 1949 (Stannard & Ross), (INHS).

Distribution: Central and southeastern USA.

Host plants: Ostrya virginiana, O. caroliniana, Carpinus caroliniana, Corylus americana, Fagus grandifolia, and probably some other plants.
29. Eratoneura harpola (Ross, 1956) (Fig. 29, Plate 3h)

Erythroneura harpola Ross, 1956a:85

Eratoneura harpola Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 2.3–2.5 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Pike Co., Kinderhook, on Acer saccharum, 9 VIII 1951 (Richards & Stannard), (INHS).

Distribution: Central and eastern USA, southeastern Canada.

Host plants: Ostrya virginiana.
30. Eratoneura minor (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 30, Plate 3i)

Erythroneura minor Beamer, 1932e:84

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) minor Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura minor Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:137
Description: Length 2.5–2.7 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base, denticulate. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, with lateral lobe, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Iowa, Story Co., Ames, 18 IV 1930 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central USA, south central Canada.

Host plants: Crataegus mollis.
31. Eratoneura aesculi (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 31, Plate 3j)

Erythroneura aesculi Beamer, 1932c:46

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) aesculi Young, 1952b:86

Eratoneura aesculi Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:134
Description: Length 2.9–3.1 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved ventrad, broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Forewing with large red spot at base.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Mississippi, Lowndes Co., Columbus, 16 VII 1930 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Aesculus sp.
32. Eratoneura bifida (Beamer, 1931) (Fig. 32, Plate 3k)

Erythroneura bifida Beamer, 1931a:134

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) bifida Young, 1952b:86

Eratoneura bifida Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:134
Description: Length 2.7–2.9 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved ventrad, broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Forewing with two spots: one at base, another at apex of clavus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Louisiana, Caddo Co., Caddo Parish, 19 VIII 1928 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Aesculus sp.

Notes: The male genitalia of this species are identical to those of E. aesculi (Beamer). The two species are different only in the color pattern, and in size.
33. Eratoneura aculeata (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 33, Plate 3l)

Erythroneura aculeata Beamer, 1932g:161

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) aculeata Young, 1952b:86

Erythroneura woodruffi Hepner, 1967a:23, syn.n.

Eratoneura aculeata Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:134
Description: Length 2.5–2.7 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes and processes, apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Iowa, Clayton Co., 19 IV 1930 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central and northeastern USA.

Host plants: Corylus americana, Fagus grandifolia, Carpinus caroliniana.
34. Eratoneura lusoria (Van Duzee, 1924) (Fig. 34, Plate 3m)

Erythroneura lusoria Van Duzee, 1924a:234

Erythroneura coryli Van Duzee, 1924a:234 (sec.hom. of Typhlocyba coryli Tollin, 1851a), syn.n.

Erythroneura californica Beamer, 1932f:143, n.nov., syn.n.

Erythroneura (Erythridula) lusoria Young, 1952b:83

Erythridula lusoria Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:129
Description: Length 2.7–2.9 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, straight in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, about as long as distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved ventrad, slender in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally; without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Forewings usually with oblique vittae forming continuous zigzag pattern.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, California, Alameda Co., Leona Heights, VIII, (Bradley), (CAS).

Distribution: California.

Host plants: Corylus sp.

Notes: The holotype of E. lusoria (Van Duzee, 1924) is a color form with poorly developed color pattern consisting of separate maculae (Plate 3m2).
35. Eratoneura pyra (McAtee, 1924) (Fig. 35, Plates 1c, 3n)

Erythroneura pyra McAtee, 1924d:133

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) pyra Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura pyra Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 2.9–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Forewings with oblique vittae forming zigzag pattern in basal half.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Iowa, Polk Co., Berwick, 28 IX 1895, (USNM).

Distribution: North central USA.

Host plants: Aesculus glabra.
36. Eratoneura millsi (Ross & DeLong, 1950) (Fig. 36, Plate 3o)

Erythroneura millsi Ross & DeLong, 1950a:291

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) millsi Young, 1952b:120

Erythroneura schista Knull, 1955a:246, syn.n.

Eratoneura millsi Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:137
Description: Length 2.8–3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage bifurcate far from base, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point absent or short toothlike; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, compressed, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.
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