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Review of the species of New World Erythroneurini


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Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Ohio, Hocking Co., 4 V 1950 (Knull), (OSU).

Distribution: Central and southeastern USA.

Host plants: Quercus pagoda, Q. falcata, Q. velutina, Q. marilandica, and other species of Quercus.
182. Eratoneura unca (Knull, 1954) (Fig. 182, Plate 10o)

Erythroneura unca Knull, 1954b:174

Eratoneura unca Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:139
Description: Length 2.8–3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, compressed, extended to pygofer apex, straight or very slightly curved in dorsal view, strongly curved downward in lateral view, widest at base, denticulate dorsally. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus except forewings usually with darkened basal half.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Ohio, Hocking Co., 12 V 1947 (Knull), (OSU).

Distribution: Central USA, south central Canada.

Host plants: Ulmus americana, Ilex decidua.
183. Eratoneura dumosa (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 183, Plate 10p)

Erythroneura dumosa Beamer, 1932a:13

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) dumosa Young, 1952b:86

Eratoneura dumosa Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:135
Description: Length 2.9–3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate distally in dorsal view, curved upward in lateral view, widest at base, denticulate. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft curved dorsad, broad in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus, orange maculae large.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Johnson Co., 30 III 1929 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Quercus shumardii, Q. alba, and other species of Quercus.

Notes: The holotype was collected on 30 III 1929, not on 3 III 1929 as stated in the original publication.
184. Eratoneura ligata (McAtee, 1920) (Fig. 184, Plate 10q)

Erythroneura ligata McAtee, 1920a:301

Erythroneura ligata var. allecta McAtee, 1920a:302, syn.n. (Plate 10q2)

Erythroneura ligata var. pupillata McAtee, 1924e:42, syn.n. (Plate 10q3)

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) ligata Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura ligata Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 3–3.3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, straight in dorsal view and lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft curved ventrad near apex, slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, with narrow lateral lobes along entire length of shaft, without processes; apex acuminate in ventral view. Forewings with oblique vittae forming continuous zigzag pattern, without crossbands; meso- and metanotum often with brown medial part.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, District of Columbia, Washington D.C., 8 VII 1907 (Palmer), (USNM).

Distribution: Central and northeastern USA, southeastern Canada.

Host plants: Quercus alba, Q. macrocarpa.
185. Eratoneura contracta (Beamer, 1931) (Fig. 185, Plate 10r)

Erythroneura contracta Beamer, 1931a:130

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) contracta Young, 1952b:86

Eratoneura contracta Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:135
Description: Length 2.8–3.1 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base, denticulate. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, with angulate lateral lobes along entire length of shaft, without processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Kansas, Douglas Co., 1927, (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central and northeastern USA.

Host plants: Ulmus rubra, U. americana, U. alata, Ilex decidua.
186. Eratoneura vittata (Knull & Auten, 1937) (Fig. 186, Plate 11a)

Erythroneura vittata Knull & Auten, 1937a:577

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) vittata Young, 1952b:88

Erythroneura winslowensis Hepner, 1966a:85, syn.n.

Eratoneura vittata Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:139
Description: Length 2.8–3.1 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved dorsad, broad in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, with large lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Georgia, DeKalb Co., Decatur, 17 IV 1934 (Auten), (OSU).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Unknown, probably Quercus.
187. Eratoneura biramosa (Beamer, 1941) (Fig. 187, Plate 11b)

Erythroneura biramosa Beamer, 1941a:18

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) biramosa Young, 1952b:86

Eratoneura biramosa Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:134
Description: Length 2.8–3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, extended beyond 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, straight in dorsal and lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point not longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, depressed, denticulate distally, with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, New Mexico, Roosevelt Co., Kenna, 16 VII 1936 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: The species is known only from the type locality in New Mexico.

Host plants: Unknown.
188. Eratoneura smithi (Ross, 1956) (Fig. 188, Plate 11c)

Erythroneura smithi Ross, 1956a:90

Erythroneura wilsoni Hepner, 1966d:106, syn.n.

Eratoneura smithi Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 2.8 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended to pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and broad in lateral view, compressed, denticulate distally, with narrow lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Morgan Co., Meredosia, on Quercus marilandica, 8 IX 1954 (Ross & Stannard), (INHS).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Quercus marilandica, Q. prinus, Q. shumardii.
189. Eratoneura prolixa (Knull, 1949) (Fig. 189, Plate 11d)

Erythroneura prolixa Knull, 1949a:126

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) prolixa Young, 1952b:88

Eratoneura prolixa Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:137
Description: Length 2.8–3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe angulate;appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, compressed, denticulate distally, with small lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex acuminate in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Ohio, Pickaway Co., 20 II, (Caldwell), (OSU).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Quercus michauxii, Q. macrocarpa, Q. lyrata, Q. muehlenbergii, and other species of Quercus.

Notes: The holotype was collected in Pickaway Co., on 20 II, by Caldwell, not in Hocking Co., on 5 V, by Knull as stated in the original publication.
190. Eratoneura teres (Beamer, 1931) (Fig. 190, Plate 11e)

Erythroneura teres Beamer, 1931c:268

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) teres Young, 1952b:88

Erythroneura alevra Ross, 1956a:89, syn.n.

Erythroneura bicurvata Hepner, 1973a:184, syn.n.

Eratoneura teres Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 2.8–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, strongly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Johnson Co., 30 III 1929 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: ? Carya glabra.
191. Eratoneura amethica (Ross, 1957) (Fgi. 191, Plate 11f)

Erythroneura amethica Ross, 1957a:186

Eratoneura amethica Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:134
Description: Length 2.9–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell about 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex well developed; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved ventrad, slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally; without lateral lobes or processes; apex truncate in ventral view. Mesonotum entirely dark brown; forewing with 3 narrow red crossbands.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Gallatin Co., Shawneetown, on Quercus imbricaria, 14 VII 1948 (Mills & Ross), (INHS).

Distribution: Illinois.

Host plants: Quercus imbricaria.
192. Eratoneura tenuitas (Knull, 1954) (Fig. 192, Plate 11g)

Erythroneura tenuitas Knull, 1954b:173

Erythroneura norica Ross, 1956a:88, syn.n.

Erythroneura pitrei Hepner, 1973a:184, syn.n.

Eratoneura tenuitas Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 2.8–2.9 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, not longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points about 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, without small lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Texas, Bastrop Co., Bastrop State Park, 26 III 1950 (Knull), (OSU).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Quercus marilandica.
193. Eratoneura haysensis (Hepner, 1966) (Fig. 193, Plate 11h)

Erythroneura haysensis Hepner, 1966a:79

Erythroneura paulae Hepner, 1966a:81, syn.n.

Eratoneura haysensis Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 3–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft slender, straight or curved ventrad, round in crossection, denticulate distally; with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Kansas, Ellis Co., Hays, on Ulmus sp., 28 VIII 1964 (Hepner), (INHS).

Distribution: Central USA, south central Canada.

Host plants: Quercus macrocarpa, Q. michauxii, Q. lyrata, and other species of Quercus.

Notes: The holotype was collected on a non host plant species.
194. Eratoneura geronimoi (Knull, 1945) (Fig. 194, Plate 11i)

Erythroneura geronimoi Knull, 1945b:108

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) geronimoi Young, 1952b:88

Eratoneura geronimoi Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 3–3.3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes small, narrow, extended dorsomesad. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, slightly curved in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally; with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Arizona, Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mountains, on Quercus sp., 14 IX 1938 (Knull), (OSU).

Distribution: Arizona.

Host plants: Quercus sp.
195. Eratoneura macra (Beamer, 1932) (Fig. 195, Plate 11j)

Erythroneura macra Beamer, 1932a:15

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) macra Young, 1952b:87

Eratoneura macra Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:136
Description: Length 2.9–3.2 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe angulate; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, straight in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point elongate, longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally; with lateral lobes at base, without processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Illinois, Johnson Co., 30 III 1929 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central and eastern USA, southeastern Canada.

Host plants: Salix bebbiana, Acer saccharum, and other species of Salix and Acer.

Notes: The holotype was collected on 30 III 1929, not on 3 III 1929 as stated in the original publication.
196. Eratoneura socia (Knull, 1954) (Fig. 196, Plate 11k)

Erythroneura socia Knull, 1954b:171

Erythroneura deformata Hepner, 1966a:85, syn.n.

Erythroneura parisensis Hepner, 1972a:431, syn.n.

Eratoneura socia Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:138
Description: Length 3–3.1 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended to pygofer apex, distinctly sinuate in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base, denticulate. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point not longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium longer than shaft; shaft curved ventrad, slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally; without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Coloration usual for genus.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Ohio, Hocking Co., 12 IV 1945 (Knull), (OSU).

Distribution: Central USA.

Host plants: Unknown.
197. Eratoneura accola (McAtee, 1920) (Fig. 197, Plate 11l)

Erythroneura maculata var. accola McAtee, 1920a:299

Erythroneura accola Beamer, 1931d:289

Erythroneura (Eratoneura) accola Young, 1952b:86

Erythroneura starkvillensis Hepner, 1966d:103, syn.n.

Eratoneura accola Dietrich & Dmitriev, 2006a:134
Description: Length 3.1–3.3 mm. Forewing outer apical cell elongate, more than 2X as long as wide. 2S abdominal apodemes large, broad, reaching 3S posterior margin. Pygofer lobe rounded; appendage simple, extended beyond pygofer apex, straight in dorsal view, curved downward in lateral view, widest at base. Second point of style apex very short, toothlike; third point not longer than half distance between other two points; angle between basal and third points less than 90°. Aedeagus with preatrium about as long as shaft; shaft straight and slender in lateral view, round in crossection, denticulate distally, without lateral lobes or processes; apex blunt in ventral view. Crown, pro- and mesonotum with red median stripe; clavus with red spot near apex.

Type locality: Holotype *, USA, Maryland, Montgomery Co., Plummers Island, 21 XII 1913 (McAtee), (USNM); “Allotype” by Beamer $, Illinois, Gallatin Co., 31 III 1929 (Beamer), (KSEM).

Distribution: Central or eastern USA.

Host plants: Quercus bicolor, Q. falcata, Q. macrocarpa, and other species of Quercus.

Notes: The holotype could not be located and was not studied.

Acknowledgments
For lending specimens, we are grateful to Norman Penny (California Academy of Sciences), K.G.A. Hamilton (Canadian National Collection, Ottawa), Boris Kondratieff (Colorado State University), Richard Brown (Mississippi State University), Stuart McKamey (National Museum of Natural History, Washington), Luciana Musetti and Creighton Freeman (Ohio State University), and Zachary Falin (University of Kansas). Stuart McKamey kindly provided access to his Leafhoppers of the World Database, which included much of the nomenclatural information incorporated into our Erythroneurini database. Unpublished drawings by L.W. Hepner included in this work are used with permission of the Mississippi Entomological Museum. Other previously published drawings reproduced in this work are in the public domain. Roland Muehlethaler and Dora Pombo provided constructive criticism that greatly improved the manuscript. This work was supported in part by NSF grants DEB0315373 and DEB050529679, and Hatch award ILLU-875-361 to CHD.
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