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Ball, B., (2003). Teaching and learning mathematics with an interactive whiteboard. Micromath, Spring 2003, pp. 4-6.
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Clements, D., Swaminathan, S., Hannibal, M., and Sarama, J. (1999). Young childrens’ concepts of shape. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 30, 192-212
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Appendices Geometry
Reception
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Year 1
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Year 2
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Year 3
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Year 4
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Year 5
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Year 6
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Use language such as circle or bigger to describe the shape and size of solids and flat shapes.
Begin to name solids.
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Use everyday language to describe features of familiar 3-D and 2-D shapes.
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Use the mathematical names for common 3-D and 2-D shapes.
Sort shapes and describe some of their features.
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Classify and describe 3-D and 2-D shapes.
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Describe and visualise 3-D and 2-D shapes.
Classify polygons using criteria such as number of right angles, whether or not they are regular, symmetry properties.
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Recognise properties of rectangles.
Classify triangles.
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Describe and visualise properties of solid shapes.
Classify quadrilaterals.
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Talk about, recognise and recreate patterns.
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Make and describe models, patterns and pictures.
Begin to relate solid shapes to pictures of them.
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Make and describe shapes, pictures and patterns.
Relate solid shapes to pictures of them.
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Make and describe shapes and patterns.
Relate solid shapes to pictures of them.
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Make shapes.
Visualise 3-D shapes from 2-D drawings and identify simple nets of solid shapes.
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Make shapes with increasing accuracy.
Visualise 3-D shapes from 2-D drawings and identify different nets for an open cube.
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Make shapes with increasing accuracy.
Visualise 3-D shapes from 2-D drawings and identify different nets for a closed cube.
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Begin to recognise line symmetry.
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Identify and sketch lines of symmetry in simple shapes and recognise shapes with no lines of symmetry.
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Sketch the reflection of a simple shape in a mirror line (all sides parallel or perpendicular to mirror line).
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Recognise reflective symmetry in regular polygons.
Complete symmetrical patterns.
Recognise where a shape will be after reflection/translation.
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Recognise where a shape will be after one or two reflections/translations.
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Use everyday words to describe position, direction and movement.
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Use everyday language to describe position, direction and movement.
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Use mathematical vocabulary to describe position, direction and movement.
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Read and begin to write the vocabulary related to position, direction and movement.
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Recognise positions and directions.
Use the eight compass directions
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Recognise positions and directions.
Read and plot coordinates in the first quadrant.
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Read and plot coordinates in all four quadrants.
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Talk about things that turn. Make whole and half turns.
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Recognise whole, half and quarter turns, to the left or right, clockwise or anticlockwise.
Give instructions for moving along a route.
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Make and describe right-angled turns. Identify right angles. Compare angles with a right angle.
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Recognise horizontal and vertical lines.
Make and measure clockwise and anticlockwise turns.
Begin to know that angles are measured in degrees.
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Recognise perpendicular and parallel lines.
Understand and use angle measure in degrees.
Identify, estimate, order and draw angles.
Calculate angles in a straight line.
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Recognise and estimate angles.
Use a protractor to draw angles.
Check that the sum of the angles of a triangle is 1800.
Calculate angles in a triangle or round a point.
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Measurement
Reception
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Year 1
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Year 2
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Year 3
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Year 4
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Year 5
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Year 6
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Use language such as more or less, longer or shorter, heavier or lighter…
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Understand and use the vocabulary related to length, mass and capacity.
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Use and begin to read the vocabulary related to length, mass and capacity.
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Read and begin to write the vocabulary related to length, mass and capacity.
Begin to use decimal notation for metres and centimetres.
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Use, read and write standard metric and imperial units.
Know and use the relationships between familiar units of length, mass and capacity.
Begin to convert between smaller and larger units.
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Use, read and write standard metric units.
Convert larger to smaller units.
Know imperial units.
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Use, read and write standard metric units.
Convert larger to smaller units.
Know imperial units and their rough equivalents.
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…to compare two quantities, then more than two by making direct comparisons.
Put sets of objects in order of size.
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Compare two lengths, masses or capacities by direct comparison; extend to more than two.
Measure using uniform non-standard measures, or standard units.
Suggest suitable standard or uniform non-standard units and measuring equipment to estimate and then measure a length, mass, or capacity.
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Estimate, measure and compare lengths, masses and capacities, using standard units.
Suggest suitable units and equipment for measuring.
Read a simple scale to the nearest labelled division.
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Measure and compare using standard units.
Know the relationship between kilometres and metres etc.
Suggest suitable units and equipment to estimate or measure length, mass or capacity.
Read scales to the nearest division. Record estimates or measures to the nearest half unit.
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Suggest suitable units and equipment to estimate or measure length, mass or capacity.
Record estimates and readings from scales to a suitable degree of accuracy.
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Suggest suitable units and equipment to estimate or measure length, mass or capacity.
Measure and draw lines to the nearest mm.
Record estimates and readings from scales to a suitable degree of accuracy.
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Suggest suitable units and equipment to estimate or measure length, mass or capacity.
Record estimates and readings from scales to a suitable degree of accuracy.
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Measure and calculate the perimeter and area of rectangles and other simple shapes.
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Understand area measured in square cm.
Understand and use the formula in words ‘length x breadth’ for the area of a rectangle.
Understand, measure and calculate perimeters of rectangles and regular polygons.
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Calculate the perimeter and area of simple compound shapes that can be split into rectangles.
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Begin to understand and use the vocabulary of time.
Sequence familiar events.
Begin to know the days of the week in order.
Begin to read o’clock time.
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Understand and use the vocabulary related to time.
Order familiar events in time.
Know the days of the week and the seasons of the year.
Read the time to the hour or half hour on analogue clocks.
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Use and begin to read the vocabulary related to time.
Use units of time and know the relationships between them.
Suggest suitable units to estimate or measure time.
Order the months of the year.
Relate time to the quarter hour on an analogue or 12-hour digital clock.
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Read and begin to write the vocabulary related to time.
Use units of time and know the relationships between them. Suggest suitable units to estimate or measure time.
Use a calendar. Read the time to five minutes.
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Use, read and write the vocabulary related to time.
Read analogue and 12-hour digital time to the nearest minute. Use am and pm.
Read simple timetables and use this year’s calendar.
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Use units of time, read and use 24-hour time.
Use timetables.
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Appreciate different times around the world.
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