Argentina
Agency Details:
Anti Corruption Office (ACO) or Oficina Anti Corrupción
Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos
Sarmiento 329- Piso 3
(1041) Buenos Aires
Argentina
http://www.jus.gov.ar/minjus/oac/oa.htm
Chairperson:
Dr. José Massoni,
Dr. Massoni graduated from the University of Buenos Aires Law School in 1973. He entered the public administration in 1961 as a court employee. Massoni later become a federal prosecutor and then a federal appeals court judge. He has built a reputation for being an independent judge of high standards who places strong emphasis on individual rights.
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The ACO was created in December 1999 by Presidential Decree to replace the previous administrations weak anti-corruption agency, the Oficia de Etica Publica (OEP). The OEP was created in February 1997 to appease concerns regarding the tarnished reputation of the Menem administration.
Major Functions:
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Start preliminary investigations against those who are suspected of corruption, as defined in the Inter-American Convention Against Corruption, that affect the public administration, its decentralized agencies, and those organizations that receive public funds.
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Denounce to the judiciary those events that may constitute a crime.
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Become a plaintiff in those trials where the Federal Treasury has been negatively affected.
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Administer the collection of the sworn financial disclosures of government officials.
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Develop programs to prevent corruption and promote transparency in the public administration.
Agency Structure:
Fiscal de Control Administrativo
Dirreción de Planificación de Políticas de Transparancia
Direccion de Investigaciones
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Develops criteria to determine those cases of institutional, social, and economic importance.
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Develops studies and policy advice.
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Collects financial disclosures.
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Receives complaints, investigates based on criteria.
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Urges prosecution or administrative action.
Australia NSW
Agency Details:
Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC)
191 Cleveland Street (corner
George Street) Redfern
New South Wales, Australia, 2016
http://www.icac.nsw.gov.au/
Chairperson:
Ms. Irene Moss
Ms Moss graduated with a Masters of Law from Harvard University, and was admitted as a solicitor to the Supreme Court of NSW in 1974 and to the High Court of Australia in 1975. Formerly, Ms Moss served as the Ombudsman New South Wales and the Federal Race Discrimination Commissioner for the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission.
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The ICAC was established March 13, 1989 in response to several instances of high level corruption, including the implication of a senior judge, minister, and deputy police commissioner.
Major Functions:
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Investigate and publicly expose violations of the Independent Commission Against Corruption Act 1988.
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Provide advice and assistance to build resistance to corruption in the public sector.
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Provide anticorruption education for the community and the public sector.
Agency Structure:
Botswana
Agency Details:
Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime
P/Bag 00344
Plot 1212, Molosiwa Road
Gaborone, Botswana
http://www.gov.bw/government/directorate_on_corruption_and_economic_crime.html
Chairperson:
Mr. Tymon M. Katlholo
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The DCEC was founded September 05, 1994 in response to a number of major illegal land sales linked to senior bank officials, ministers and the President.
Major Functions:
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Investigate any alleged or suspected offences under the Corruption and Economic Crime Act 1994 in any public body.
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Assist any law enforcement agency of the Government in the investigation of offences involving dishonesty or cheating of the public revenue.
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Facilitate the discovery of corrupt practices in public bodies, and advise on changes in procedure necessary to reduce the occurrence of such practices in the future.
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Educate the public against the evils of corruption.
Agency Structure:
Director
Public Education
Operations
Corruption Prevention
Investigations
Prosecution
Intelligence
Ecuador
Agency Details:
Commission for Civil Control of Corruption (CCCC) or
Comision de Control Civico de la Corrupcion
En Quito:
Av. 10 de Agosto 251 y Carlos Ibarra Edificio Alameda 2 Piso 7.
Casilla 17-15-260C
http://www.comisionanticorrupcion.com
Chairperson:
Dr. Ramiro Larrea Santos
Doctor en jurisprudencia. Se desempeñó como Presidente y Ministro Juez de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, Ministro de Trabajo y Bienestar Social, Presidente del Consejo Superior del IESS, Vicepresidente del Concejo cantonal de Guayaquil, Presidente del Directorio de la Comisión de Estudios para el Desarrollo de la Cuenca del Guayas, Presidente de la Junta Consultiva de Relaciones Exteriores, primer Presidente de la Comisión Anticorrupción. Es catedrático universitario. Es el Presidente de la Comisión de Control Cívico de la Corrupción, donde representa a las organizaciones de Derechos Humanos y Defensa de los Consumidores.
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The CCCC was established March 4, 1997, as a direct result of the popular marches of February 5-6 in which two million Ecuadorians protested and successfully ousted President Abdalá Bucaram Ortiz.
Major Functions:
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Receive and investigate alleged cases of corruption when State funds are involved.
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Watch over public administration from an anticorruption angle (Social Comptrollership).
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Citizenship training against corruption through civic networks, and frequent publications.
Agency Structure:
Commission President
Vice President
Executive Director
Seven Commissioners, each from one of seven electoral colleges :
Universities and Technical Schools, Professional associations, Media, Chambers of Commerce/Production, Labor Unions and Indigenous Groups, Women’s organizations, and Human Rights and Consumer Protection groups.
Hong Kong
Agency Details:
Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC)
ICAC Report Centre (24-hour service)
G/F, Murray Road Car Park Building
2 Murray Road, Central
Hong Kong
http://www.icac.org.hk
Chairperson:
Mr. Ambrose Lee Siu-kwong
Mr. Lee joined the Immigration Officer grade of the Government in 1974 and rose to the rank of Director of Immigration in 1998. Over the years, Mr. Lee has served in various sections of the Immigration Department and has amassed rich experience in a full range of immigration matters, including those on investigation, prosecution, issue of visa and passports, border control and right of abode. Mr. Lee assumed the post of Commissioner, ICAC, on July 1, 2002.
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The ICAC replaced the police department’s Anticorruption Office and the Commission of Inquiry in 1974. Systematized police corruption up to the early 1970s, and especially a scandal involving Peter Godber, then Chief Superintendent, had led to public pressure for an anticorruption agency independent from the police.
Major Functions:
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Receive and investigate claims of corruption.
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Examine practices and procedures of government entities to identify and reduce opportunities for corruption.
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Foster public awareness of corruption through education programs.
Agency Structure:
Commissioner
Operations
Corruption Prevention
Community Relations
India
Agency Details:
Central Vigilance Commission
Satarkta Bhavan
General Pool Office Complex
INA, New Delhi
http://cvc.nic.in
Chairperson:
Mr. Nagarajan Vittal
Mr Vittal has a B.Sc in Chemistry and has completed additional programs in management. He has worked in the Central Government since 1960 holding positions in telecommunications, energy, food and civil supply, healthcare, commerce and industry. He has published over 400 articles, 5 books, and is a regular columnist for the Economic Times of India.
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The CVC was established in 1964 in the wake of the Santhanman Committee’s finding that a separate agency was necessary to effectively deal with corruption of central government employees. Significant restructuring took place when the President, influenced by a major Supreme Court ruling on anticorruption, passed the CVC Ordinance of August 25, 1998.
Major Functions:
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Cause inquiry or investigation to be made when it is alleged that a public servant has acted in corrupt manner.
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Act as superintendent of all vigilance administrations in the central government.
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Act as superintendent of the Central Bureau of Investigations regarding corruption offenses.
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Advise government on policy changes that may curb corruption, and enhance transparency.
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Increase public awareness on issues of corruption.
Agency Structure:
Commissioner
Vigilance Commissioner
Vigilance Commissioner
Vigilance Commissioner
Vigilance Commissioner
Secretariat
Chief Technical Examiners Wing
Commissioners for Departmental Inquires
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Performs technical audits of government constructions, and investigates specific complaints
16 employees
15 employees
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Conduct Oral inquiries in departmental proceeding initiated against public servants
Malaysia
Agency Details:
Anti Corruption Agency (ACA) or Badan Pencegah Rasuah Malaysia
ACA Headquarters
Block D6, Parcel D,
Federal Government Administration Center
P O Box 6000
62007 Putrajaya
Malaysia
http://www.bpr.gov.my
Chairperson:
Y. Bhg. Dato’ Zulkipli Mat Noor
Mr. Noor received his B.A. in Political Science and Comparative Economics from University of Kansas, and received a Master’s Degree in International Relations and Strategic Studies from University of Lancaster, England. Prior to this appointment as Director General of ACA, he served as the Commissioner of Police.
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
In 1959 the first Anti-Corruption Agency was established under the Prime Minister’s Department. In 1973, the ACA was renamed the National Bureau of Investigation and was given charge of prevention, investigation, and prosecution of corruption cases. In accordance with the 1980 special committee finding, the NBI ultimately reverted its name back to the ACA and was given a narrower scope of power. The most recent restructuring of the ACA was in 1997.
Major Functions:
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Receive, detect and investigate allegations of an offence under the Anti-Corruption Act 1997.
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Examine the practices, systems and procedures of public bodies in order to facilitate the discovery of offences under this Act and to secure the revision of such practices.
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Educate the public against corruption.
Agency Structure:
Singapore
Agency Details:
Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB)
150 Cantonment Road
Singapore 089762
http://www.gov.sg/pmo/cpib
Chairperson:
Mr. Chua Cher Yak
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
Founded in 1952, the CPIB replaced the Anti-Corruption Branch (ACB) of the Criminal Investigation Department of the police force. A scandal in 1951 revealing widespread corruption in the police necessitated the establishment of an agency free of police influence.
Major Functions:
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Receive and investigate complaints alleging corrupt practice.
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Investigate malpractices and misconduct by public officers with an “undertone” of corruption.
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Prevent corruption by examining the practices and procedures in the public service for purposes of minimizing opportunities for corruption.
Agency Structure:
Director
Administrative
Branch
Data Management and Support Branch
Investigation Branch
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Advises departments on anticorruption measures.
Tanzania
Agency Details:
Prevention of Corruption Bureau (PCB) or Taasisi ya Kuzuia Rushwa
P.O. Box 4865
Dar es Salaam
Tanzania
East-Africa
http://www.tanzania.go.tz/poffice.htm
Chairperson:
Major General Anatory Kamazima,
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The PCB underwent restructuring in 1991. The implementation of a policy to provide social services like education, health, water etc to the rural population influenced the formation of the PCBs predecessor agency, originally established in 1971.
Major Functions:
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Investigate and prosecute corruption offences.
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Advise institutions on reforms needed to stop occurrences of corruption.
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Educate the community on the evils of corruption, and anticorruption efforts.
Agency Structure:
Director General
Management Committee of Directors
Administration and Personnel
Investigation
Research, Control and Statistics
Liaison and Community Education
24 employees
177 employees
17 employees
16 employees
Thailand
Agency Details:
National Counter Corruption Commission (NCCC) http://www.nccc.thaigov.net/ProjectNCCC/eng.htm
Chairperson:
Mr. Ophars Arunin
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The NCCC was established in 1999 to replace the weak and often politicized Office of the Commission of Counter Corruption (OCCC), which was established in 1975.
Major Functions:
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Inquire into corruption cases, and remove officials accused of various types of offenses.
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Oversee the declaration and inspection of assets and liabilities of senior officials and office holders.
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Educate the public on the evils of corruption through workshops, seminaries, and competitions.
Agency Structure:
The NCCC is comprised of a chairman and other eight members. Under the NCCC, the Office of the National Counter Corruption Commission (ONCCC) is established, which operates as the secretariat of the commission. The ONCCC is divided into 11 bureaus and 4 Divisions.
Uganda
Agency Details:
Inspectorate of Government
Office of the Inspector General of Government
Yusuf Lule Road
P.O.Box 1682 Kampala Uganda
http://www.igg.go.ug/
Chairperson:
Mr. Jotham Tumwesigye
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The agency was created in 1987 following a period of gross violations of human rights and the rule of law under the dictatorship of Idi Amin and Obote. The agency was given wider powers of investigation, arrest and prosecution 1995.
Major Functions:
1. Receive and investigate complaints alleging corruption in public administration.
2. Review and advise on public sector practices.
3. Promote strict adherence to the rule of law in administration.
4. Foster public awareness about corruption and anticorruption efforts.
Agency Structure:
Inspector General of Government
Deputy Inspector General
Directorate of Operations
Directorate of Legal Affairs
Directorate of Education and Prevention of Corruption
Directorate of Regional Offices and Follow up
30 employees
27 employees
58 employees
22 employees
Directorate of Leadership Code
Finance and Administration Department
8 employees
76 employees
Philippines
Agency Details:
Ombudsman of the Philippines
Office of the Ombudsman Former MWSS Bidg.,
176 Airoceros Street, Manila
http://www.ombudsman-phil.net
Chairperson:
Hon. Aniano A. Desierto
Establishment and Major Restructuring:
The Ombudsman of the Philippines was constitutionally established in 1987 in response to abuses of power in the Marcos administration.
Major Functions:
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Investigate and prosecute cases of corruption.
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Administrative adjudication.
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Public assistance.
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Graft prevention.
Agency Structure:
Ombudsman
Overall Deputy Ombudsman
Special Prosecutor
Deputy Ombudsman for Luzon
Deputy Ombudsman for Visayas
Deputy Ombudsman for Mindanao
Deputy Ombudsman for Military
Ombudsmen are placed in most major government departments. They are titled Resident Ombudsmen.
U.S.
Agency Details:
Office of Government Ethics (OGE)
1201 New York Ave., NW
Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005-3917
http://www.usoge.gov
Chairperson:
Ms. Amy Comstock
In 1988, Ms. Comstock entered federal service as an attorney in the Office of General Counsel at the U.S. Department of Education. She has also served as the Assistant General Counsel for Ethics at the Department of Education and the Associate Counsel to the President in the White House Ethics program.
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