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Таблица 7: Относительное снижение риска (ОСР), абсолютное снижение риска (АСР) и количество нуждающихся в лечении (NNT) для того, чтобы предотвратить 1 крупное сосудистое событие в год у пациентов при антитромботической терапии (модификация по [319, 322, 583])

Заболевание

Лечение

ОСР%

АСР %

NNT для того чтобы предотвратить 1 инсульт в год

Некардиоэмболический ишемический инсульт или ТИА

аспирин / плацебо

аспирин +дипиридамол/ плацебо
13 28

1.0 1.9

100 53




аспирин + дипиридамол / аспирин

18

1.0

104




клопидогрель / плацебо

23

1.6

62




клопидогрель / аспирин

10

0.6

166

Мерцательная аритмия (первичная профилактика)

варфарин / плацебо аспирин / плацебо

62 22

2.7 1.5

37 67

Мерцательная аритмия (вторичная профилактика)

варфарин / плацебо аспирин / плацебо

67 21

8 2.5

13 40

Таблица 8: Относительное снижение риска (ОСР), абсолютное снижение риска (АСР) и количества нуждающихся в лечении (NNT) для того, чтобы предотвратить 1 крупное сосудистое событие в год у пациентов при модификации факторов риска (модификация по [288, 290, 294, 583])

Клиническое состояние

Лечение

ОСР%

АСР %

NNT для того чтобы предотвратить 1 инсульт в год

Население в целом с повышенным артериальным давлением

Антигипертензивные препараты

42

0,4

250

Население в целом с повышенным сосудистым риском

Ингибиторы АПФ

22

0,65

154

После инсульта/ТИА с повышенным артериальным давлением

Антигипертензивные препараты

31

2,2

45

После инсульта/ТИА с нормальным артериальным давлением

Ингибиторы АПФ ± диуретик

24

0,85

118

После инсульта/ТИА

Статины

Прекращение курения
16

33


0,4

4


23

0



Таблица 9: Риск инсульта или смерти по данным больших рандомизированных исследований сравнивающих эндоваскулярное (ССА) и хирургическое (КЭАЭ) лечение у пациентов с выраженным стенозом каротидных артерий

Исход

Любой инсульт или смерть до 30 дней

Инвалидизирующий

инсульт или смерть

до 30 дней


Ипсилатеральный

инсульт после 30



дней




ССА n (%)

КЭАЭ n (%)

ССА n (%)

КЭАЭ n (%)

ССА n (%)

КЭАЭ n (%)

CAVATAS [347]

25 (10.0)

25 (9.9)

16 (6.4)

15 (5.9)

6+

10+

SAPPHIRE [346]

8 (4.8)

9 (5.4)

неизв

неизв

неизв

неизв

SPACE [345, 584]

46 (7.7)

38 (6.5)

29 (4.8)

23 (3.9)

4 (0.7)*

1 (0.2)*

EVA3S [344]

25 (9.6)

10 (3.9)

9 (3.4)

4 (1.5)

2 (0.6)*

1 (0.3)*

+: продолжительность в среднем 1,95 лет;

*: после 6ти месяцев




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