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simple

complex

difficult

unclear

Which of the following major factors affect a wildlife population?

all of the answers listed

the ability to reproduce itself

the quantity and quality of habitat

weather factors such as drought and severity of winter

Species with low reproductive rates are more likely to ________.

become extinct

survive longer

die earlier than normal

none of the answers listed

Certain traits help determine the ________ of each species.

reproductive rates

barren rates

unproductive rates

none of the answers listed

Reproductive rates vary greatly among ________.

species

game animals

animals

none of the answers listed

Smaller birds and mammals tends to have ________ reproductive rates.

higher

lower

identical

none of the answers listed

The ________ of a species is a factor over which wildlife managers have little or no control.

reproductive capability

quality of habitat

quantity of habitat

habitat

The ________ and ________ of an animal's habitat has a direct impact on its production.

quantity; quality

scattering; inconvenience

allotment; attribute

capacity; aspect

Which of the following are ways in which the food supply available to a species may be improved?

all of the answers listed

food plots

supplemental feeders

guzzlers

In areas with limited water supplies, ________ may be built to provide water for wildlife.

guzzlers

troughs

ponds

man-made lakes

________ and ________ of habitat are factors over which humans can exert a great deal of control.

quantity; quality

scattering; inconvenience

allotment; attribute

capacity; aspect

________ conditions are factors over which we have no control.

Weather

Disease

Predator

none of the answers listed

________ are not normally a serious problem for wildlife.

Predators

Weather

Disease

Pollution

________ has never endangered a single species of wildlife.

Regulated sport hunting

Market hunting

Poaching

none of the answers listed

By setting proper bag limits and seasons, wildlife managers help prevent species ________.

overpopulation

underpopulation

extinction

none of the answers listed

Factors such as disease, old age, pollution, and ________ also limit a species' population.

accidents

other circumstances

catastrophes

trials

In many smaller animals, as much as ________ the population may die in a given year.

80 percent

70 percent

60 percent

90 percent

Each year animals produce more offspring than is necessary to continue the species. This is known as the ________.

biological surplus

biological excess

biological balance

biological plethora

It is the wildlife manager's job to ensure that ________.

there are adequate numbers of a species to maintain it over a long period

there are adequate numbers of a species to maintain it over a short period

there are adequate numbers of a species to ignore it over a short period

there are adequate numbers of a species to leave alone over a long period


A given area of wildlife habitat can support only a certain number of animals. This is known as the habitat's ________.

carrying capacity

carrying contents

carrying quantity

carrying range

Many species of ________ are much more numerous today than they were 100 years ago.

wildlife

domestic animals

animals

plants

Which of the following species are more numerous today than they were 100 years ago?

all of the answers listed

elk

white-tailed deer

pronghorn antelope

Wildlife management practices that ________, ________, or ________ a wildlife habitat are considered important.

protect; maintain; develop

foster; maintain; develop

protect; guard; develop

protect; maintain; repress

________ is the single most important practice for the future of America's wildlife.

Habitat management

Habitat administration

Habitat consideration

Habitat control

The management of North America's waterfowl is the most ________ wildlife management program in the world.

complex

obvious

evident

apparent

Wildlife, especially ________, do not recognize international borders.

waterfowl

game

nongame

domesticated animals

In 1916 the United States and Canada signed the ________, which called for joint management of waterfowl and their habitats.

Migratory Bird Treaty Act

Dingell-Johnson Act

Roosevelt-Wilson Act

Alexander Wilson Act

________ provide a generous, high-protein diet for young waterfowl.

Insects

Waterfowl that has died

Grains

Unharvested crops

Climatic changes make it necessary for waterfowl to migrate to areas where they can secure ________ and ________.

food; water

a habitat; water

food; a habitat

none of the answers listed

By being ________, waterfowl best utilize all the habitat available to them.

mobile

stable

adaptable

versatile

Waterfowl migrations and migration routes and times vary tremendously among the many ________ of waterfowl.

different species

same species

types

none of the answers listed

The earliest migrates are usually ________, ready to begin housekeeping chores.

mated pairs

individuals

unmated pairs

none of the answers listed

Fall migrations, at least among some species, are triggered by ________.

colder weather

warmer weather

rainy weather

windy weather

The fall migration also sees ________ concentrations of waterfowl than those normally seen in the spring.

greater

lesser

the same

none of the answers listed

Which of the following are major waterfowl migration corridors?

all of the answers listed

Atlantic

Mississippi

Central

Waterfowl use many ________ migration paths.

smaller

larger

identical

none of the answers listed

The urge to migrate is ________ in waterfowl.

instinctive

deliberate

sensible

mechanical

Ducks do not normally migrate as a/an ________.

family unit

individual

mated pair

unmated pair

Young geese learn their migration routes, stopping points, and wintering sites from their ________ and other ________ as they migrate.

parents; close family members

parents; geese

siblings; close family members

siblings; geese

Waterfowl may use the ________ and ________ as navigational aids.

sun; stars

wind; rain

sun; rain

stars; wind

Waterfowl must have adequate ________ in order to survive.

habitat

water

food

cover

The loss of ________ has been staggering.

productive wetlands

unproductive wetlands

destructive wetlands

inactive wetlands

________ states have lost 50 percent or more of their original wetlands.

48

38

28

18

The primary waterfowl management practice must be ________.

habitat protection

habitat preservation

habitat conservation

habitat refuge


It is vital that hens have adequate ________ in which to nest.

vegetative cover

abundant cover

arable cover

plentiful cover

Nest losses due to predation have been estimated at up to ________ percent in some areas.

90

80

70

60

Artificial nest sites such as ________, ________, and ________ can be used if adequate natural nesting sites are unavailable.

nest boxes; human-made islands; nesting baskets

dens; human-made islands; nesting baskets

nest boxes; human-made nests; nesting baskets

none of the answers listed

The primary management practice used for wintering waterfowl is ________.

habitat protection

habitat preservation

habitat conservation

habitat refuge

Unharvested crops and ________ provide excellent feed for many species of waterfowl.

waste grain

insects

fish

none of the answers listed

Lack of habitat is a ________ for waterfowl populations.

limiting factor

inhibiting factor

extended factor

delimiting factor

The ________ of the 1980s in the prairie pothole region had a tremendous negative impact on duck populations.

drought

flood

monsoon

aridity

Because waterfowl are often found in large concentrations, ________ can cause serious losses.

diseases

lack of food

lack of water

none of the answers listed

In poor nesting habitat, ________ can seriously affect brood-rearing success.

predators

lack of food

lack of water

flood

Because of waterfowl's ________, food supplies are seldom a factor for wintering waterfowl.

mobility

immobility

stagnation

Tendency


Due to the ________ nature of waterfowl, it is essential that all the countries where waterfowl spend any part of their lives cooperate in wildlife management.

migratory

nomadic

seasonal

wandering

A/an ________ is any species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a large portion of its range.

endangered species

species

threatened species

none of the answers listed

________ of the Earth has greatly accelerated the rate at which species are going extinct.

Human alteration

Wildlife adjustment

Human modification

Human conversion

Which of the following are common factors that cause a species to decline.

all of the answers listed

habitat destruction

competition from introduced species

controlled as pests

Most species that survive for long periods have a common trait, ________.

adaptability

inefficiency

helplessness

competency

Species that are highly ________ have a much poorer chance of survival.

specialized

detailed

misrepresented

withheld

An example of a large mammal that is very adaptable is the ________.

all of the answers listed

mule deer

pronghorn antelope

grizzly bear

A good example of a highly specialized species is the ________, which feeds exclusively on the apple snail.

everglade kite

koala

raccoon

black and white colobus

Animals that are highly specialized are comparable to people who have only one ________.

job skill

child

home

parent

Most species are capable of adapting to changes in their ________ if those changes take place over an extended period.

habitats

water

food

cover

More than ________ native plants and animals are currently listed as endangered.

1,000

500

1,500

2,000

More than 80 species of mammals, 90 North American birds, ________ reptiles, ________amphibians, and ________ species of native fish are listed as endangered.

40; 23; 130

30; 13; 100

20; 3; 75

10; 15; 50

Which of the following are better-known species that humans have endangered?

all of the answers listed

California condor

red wolf

ocelot

________ activities in North America have resulted in several species becoming extinct.
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