Movable Nu ( n )
Most frequently a nu ( n ) is added to the end of words ending in si or e. In English we do something similar with “a book” and “an item.” Most often the third plural
form will be: lu
, Mat. 13:13). Rarely the
nu (n) will be dropped before words beginning with consonants (cf. ble
. . .
Mat. 18:10).
In English, we make no distinction between a “you” singular and a “you” that is plural (“you all”). Some grammars, following King James English, use “thou” for the singular and “ye” for the plural. Such usage is archaic, and hence we will use “you” for both second person singular and plural. You should be aware, however, that in Greek a sharp distinction is made.
Parsing Format
Verbs are parsed or conjugated in the following format:
Tense, voice, mood, person, number, lexical form, English meaning.
E.g., lu
Shorter form: lu
lu
Chant #1: Present Active Indicative (PAI) of lu
Recite the first column then the second. Practice until it is as natural as breathing.
lu
lu
lu
Vocabulary
a]lla<
|
but, yet (638)
|
a]po |
apostle, sent one (80)
|
ble
|
I see (133)
|
ga |
for, then (1041)
|
Ginw |
I know (222)
|
]]Ihsou?j
|
Jesus (917)
|
lamba |
I take, receive (258)
|
lu |
I loose (42)
|
ou]rano |
heaven (273)
|
pisteu |
I believe (241)
|
4
Second Declension Nouns
You will be able to—
1. understand the English syntax of nouns in sentences (subject, object, number, gender, etc.),
2. understand the Greek noun system (gender, number, case),
3. write out the second declension paradigm for masculine and neuter nouns, and
4. master ten high-frequency vocabulary words.
Introduction
A noun is commonly defined as a word that stands for a person, place or thing.
Natanya
|
=
|
person
|
Store
|
=
|
place
|
Car
|
=
|
thing
| Gender
Gender in English is determined by the sex of the referent: “king . . . he,” “queen . . . she.” Objects that are neither male nor female are considered neuter: “table . . . it.” In Greek some inanimate objects are given male or female designations. Be careful not to confuse Greek grammatical gender with biological gender!
oi#koj
|
“House” is masculine.
|
i[ero |
“Temple” is neuter.
|
e]kklhsi |
“Church, congregation” is feminine.
| Number
Both English and Greek inflect words for number. Both languages have singular and plural nouns. Notice the change on the end of the Greek words.
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
heaven
|
heavens
|
ou]rano |
ou]ranoi<
|
man
|
men
|
a@nqrwpoj
|
a@nqrwpoi
| Case
English uses word inflections in order to indicate changes in case. Case is the role a word plays in the sentence (such as subject, object, possessive).
Subjective Case (Greek: Nominative)
This is the subject of the verb.
He hit the ball.
The subject of the sentence can usually be discovered by putting “who” or “what” before the verb.
He ran to the store.
Who ran to the store? He (= subject).
Objective Case (Greek: Accusative)
This is the object of the verb.
The ball hit him.
The object of a sentence can usually be discovered by putting a “who” or “what” after the verb.
He hit the ball.
He hit what? The ball (= object).
|
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