Guide to insects, arthropods, and molluscs of northern Dogon country
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Araneae (spiders)comnment (JH): Dogon and Songhay have little interest in spiders and generally treat them as a single taxon in their terminology. In particular locations there descriptive modifiers (e.g. color adjectives) are sometimes used to denote conspicuous local species. It is often difficult for Dogon to distinguish terms for the animal from terms for webs. spiders 60003 Scorpionidae (scorpions)Arthropoda, Chelicerata, Arachnida, Scorpiones, Scorpionidae comments (JH): Northern Dogon distinguish up to three scorpions: a) the common house scorpion (all specimens from near Douentza are Androctonus amoreuxii); b) a much smaller scorpion found in toilets (most specimens so far have been juveniles of Androctonus amoreuxii); and c) a dangerous scorpion in mountains called “horse scorpion” in local languages (perhaps the black emperor scorpion Pandinus imperator). webpages (scorpions) http://www.messcorpions.com http://www.ub.ntnu.no/scorpion-files http://www.buthidae.ch (in German) http://pagesperso-orange.fr/eycb/scorpions scorpion spp. recorded for Mali Androctonus amoreuxi Buthacus arenicola Buthus occitanus Hottentotta hottentotta hottentotta (Burkina), dark red Leiurus quinquestriatus (death stalker) Pandinus imperator (black emperor scorpion)
Androctonus australis (Algeria) Androctonus bicolor (Libya), blackish Androctonus mauritanicus (Morocco) Androctonus liouvillei (Morocco) Buthus atlantis (Morocco) Buthus malhommei (Morocco) Hottentotta franzwerneri gentili (Morocco), blackish Scorpio maurus fuliginosus (Morocco), blackish, or blackish with dark red transverse bands
Buthidae
[family description: small and medium sized, triangular (or sometimes pentagonal sternum), often yellow and/or brown but occasionally black Androctonus (relatively large) Androctonus amoreuxii "yellow fat-tail scorpion" 60014 records: the common house scorpion of northern Dogon country, specm 2004_041 (and others) description from messcorpions.com Large species near 11cm. long. Color generally yellowish, with prosomal carapace and tergites slightly darker. Sternites pale yellow. Metasoma yellowish with carinae slightly reddish brown. Vesicle ochre with aculeus yellowish at base and reddish at the end. Legs and pedipalps pale yellow. Carapace with carinae and granules moderately marked. Tergites a few granulated with carinae moderately marked. Metasomal segments in constants width backwards, segments I-IV with dorsal carinae very slightly marked with granules rounded. Vesicle practically smooth, with aculeus a litle longer than the vesicle. Fixed and movable finger of pedipalp. [viewed 03 2009] many images on web note: some Dogon distinguish this taxon from another described as smaller and whiter; the few specimens seen were juveniles of A. amoreuxii rather than a distinct species, but more study is needed Buthacus Buthacus arenicola records: eported for Mali notes: 5-6 cm, body of adults uniformly yellowish; venom quite potent many images on web Buthus
Buthus occitanus 3 main clades, possibly distinct spp.: Iberian peninsula, Morocco, Tunisia). Description of European clade from scorpion-files "B. occitanus is 60-80 mm in length, and has a yellow or yellow-brown color. The granulations on the anterior part of carapace (in front of the median eyes) form a lyre shape. This scorpion is often found in dry and hot areas with sparse vegetation, where it hides under stones etc. during daytime. ... The literature suggest[s] that the African "forms" are much more potent, and deaths and serious cases have been reported." [viewed 03 2009] Leiurus
Leiurus quinquestriatus quinquestriatus "death stalker". See Wikipedia and other web sources. straw yellow with relatively thin tail and pedipalps (pincers); last large segment of tail may be blackish; very potent venom, but mortality of healthy adults due to its bite is rare description from tscorpion-files "Adult specimens 80–110 mm total length. Coloration typically yellow to orangishyellow. Metasomal segment V typically with dark coloration restricted to the posterior 2/3 of the segment. Amount and intensity of dark coloration can vary among specimens. Older specimens may be darker in overall coloration and the dark coloration of metasomal segment V faded, reduced or indistinct. Tergites I & II pentacarinate; tergites III–VII, tricarinate. Chelae elongate and gracile; base of closed fingers approximate in width to the manus" many images on web Hottentota (not definite for Mali) website for this genus: http://www.hottentotta.com key for the two possible spp. in the region: black except yellow legs and reddish brown chela; ventral surfaces of metasomal segments, and vesicle of female, densely hirsute: H. franzwerneri usually uniformly reddish brown; metasoma of both sexes bears only a few hairs: H. hottentotta H. franzwerneri total length 70-110 mm; nearly entire body hirsute; pedipalps, legs, lateral and ventral surfaces of metasomal segments usually densely hirsute; color black except reddish brown chela of pedipalps and telson, and yellow legs and tips of fingers of pedipalps H. hottentotta total length 55-80 mm; pedipalps hirsute but not densely; metasoma bears only a few hairs; color usually uniformly reddish brown, but some populations colored yellowish brown to black (juveniles may be uniformly brown, or chela dark and remaining segments of pedipalps yellow); metasomal segments and carapace usually with orange spots and longitudinal black stripes; first metasomal segment of adults wider than long, second metasomal segment usually longer than wide Pandinus Pandinus imperator (black emperor scorpion) 60013 records: seen in Burkina Faso (Ouagadougou); this is probably the rare but infamous black scorpion (often called "horse-scorpion") in Dogon country, but no local specimens have been seen images on web |