Gospel of mark
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BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS 1 And he went out from thence, and came into his own country; and his disciples follow him. 2 And when the sabbath day was come, he began to teach in the synagogue: and many hearing him were astonished, saying, From whence hath this man these things? and what wisdom is this which is given unto him, that even such mighty works are wrought by his hands? Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? From Capernaum Jesus went some 30 kilometres south west to His hometown of Nazareth. He arrived back as a rabbi with disciples, and began a new public mission to the area. He was preparing the disciples for their own future ministry. He began teaching in the Synagogue on the Sabbath. His hearers were astonished at His teaching, for he did not teach by quoting rabbinic authorities, he just spoke from the Word of God, and some found it hard to relate to him as their Rabbi/teacher for to them he was just the carpenter who they had grown up with. It was common for Rabbis to be taught a trade to earn their living at, but they had to have their PhD in theology from the appropriate Jerusalem school for their trade not to be mentioned. Rabbi Judah, one of the great Rabbis of the first century said, “Whosever does not teach his son a trade to do some work, it is as if he has taught him robbery…” In this passage Jesus is called a “carpenter”, not a Rabbi who earns his living by carpentry. When Jesus was young, Sepphoris the capital of the Galilee had been destroyed by the Romans, and rebuilding had begun there immediately Herod Antipas was able to get permission and raise the funds. Carpenters were no doubt in demand in Nazareth, which was situated six kilometres from the ruined city. Joseph probably taught Jesus his own trade, as was the common practice in those days. After Sepphoris had been rebuilt they probably plied their trade from their home as most Galilean carpenters did. Galilee was a growth area and people could make their fortunes by hard work; Herod was a “go ahead” ruler who courted fame by public building. The observation that Jesus is a carpenter is meant to identify Him by trade, and keep him in that cognitive/social “box”, rather than necessarily suggesting the unlikelihood of a carpenter being a teacher. We are too easily swayed by people’s backgrounds and we often put people into “boxes” and so restrict what they are though capable of. This is anathema to the Lord, for there is no limitations to what God can do with people who are Holy Spirit filled. In this passage we also have the names of the four half brothers of Jesus, two of whom, James and Jude, became authors of New Testament books. We are also told that he had at least two sisters, whose names we don't have. They however did not become believers until after the resurrection. It is hard to see people as they are, when we have seen them too long as they were in our young eyes. This principle applies to people we have grown up with, as well as those who have been evil/sinful in their youth and have changed. Acts 9:27-30. And they were offended at him. 4 But Jesus, said unto them, A prophet is not without honour, but in his own country, and among his own kin, and in his own house. 5 And he could there do no mighty work, save that he laid his hands upon a few sick folk, and healed them. 6 And he marvelled because of their unbelief. The Old Testament often talks of the principle of the prophet being without acceptance in his own land, and this was true with people like Jeremiah and Moses. Subsequent Jewish traditions emphasized this concept even more, although when Stephen points it out with real clarity he is murdered. Acts 7:47-60. Jeremiah was hated by his home town, Jeremiah 11:18-23, 12:5-6. That Jesus is unable to work in his home town because of the unbelief in the area. This indicates not a limitation of His power to perform miracles, for his power was never influenced by those around him, but that His mission to heal without living faith on the part of the people will lead him to look like a pagan magician and wonder worker. The Lord did not want to compel obedience to his message by impressive signs and wonders. Overwhelming acts of power that compel attention do not build living and powerful faith. The Lord sought faith, not power and the fame that comes from power. Even Jesus Himself was amazed at their unbelief, for they would not believe that His wisdom and power were from God. So far as is known He never returned to Nazareth, and these people lost the joy that could have been their own. They could have celebrated their most famous son, but they preferred the boring and the regular to the divine. Isaiah 59:14-16, Jeremiah 2:11-13, Hebrews 3:7 – 4:12. APPLICATION The terms brothers and sisters used are the usual terms for siblings, not for cousins. This text together with the fact that the half brothers are named undoubtedly refers to children born to Mary and Joseph, after the virgin birth of Jesus. Often people who are closest to you are the hardest people to reach for the gospel and spiritual matters. It is quite common for strangers to have a major part in conversion of siblings. We should pray for our family. The people of Nazareth represent Israel’s blindness. This is common now in our days with mass communication and demonstration about who the Lord is, there is still great darkness due to the hardness of man’s heart and not wanting to believe. Often people judge others on the basis of where they have been trained, as to whether they have acceptable credentials, to be considered a teacher of the Word. In spiritual matters we should not be interested in the accreditation of man but the approval of God. Antagonism to one’s ministry or prejudice against a person often limits one’s Christian ministry in your own locality. God however can use this to allow ministry elsewhere. DOCTRINES CHRIST - VIRGIN BIRTH OF JESUS CHRIST 1. Jesus Christ had to be born of a virgin to fulfil prophecy. (Isaiah 7:1 4) 2. Jesus had to be born of a virgin to confirm the curse of Coniah. (Jeremiah 22:28-30) a) Coniah was a believer but an evil king at the time of the Babylonian captivity. b) Coniah is also in the direct line of Christ in Joseph's lineage from David (Matthew 1:6, 1:11, 1:16) through Solomon. This is the Kingly line. c) Mary was also in the direct line of Christ from David (Luke 3:23, Luke 3:31) through Nathan. In Luke 3:23 Joseph is the son-in-law of Heli, Mary's father. d) Both lines, Solomon's and Nathan's meet in the person of Jesus Christ but by the virgin birth Coniah's line is cut off as Joseph is the legal but not natural father of Jesus Christ.
a) Adam, as the head, was responsible for his wife. b) Eve was deceived and sinned. c) Adam made deliberate choice. 4. In order to be the God-Man Jesus had to be conceived of the Holy Spirit to Mary. 5. The virgin birth is therefore critical especially in the doctrine of Redemption, Imputation and Propitiation. NO virgin birth - NO salvation. CHRIST: HYPOSTATIC UNION – GOD - MAN 1. Hypostasis means standing together under one essence, two things united under one with no loss or transfer to the other and no change to either. In the person of Jesus Christ the two natures, divine and human, were inseparably linked with no loss or transfer of properties or attributes, and no mixture or loss of separate identity the union was personal and eternal. The Lord Jesus Christ is still perfectly human and divine Isaiah 7:14, Isaiah 9:6, John 1:1-14, Romans 1:2-5, Romans 9:5, Philippians 2:5-11, 1 Timothy 3:16, Hebrews 1:4 2. The incarnate person of the Lord Jesus Christ included undiminished deity. Jesus Christ is God, He remained co equal and co eternal with the Father while on earth. Christ is eternal because God is eternal life. His deity was never affected by His death, resurrection and session. As God Jesus Christ could not die. However as a baby in the cradle he was holding the universe together. 3. The Lord Jesus Christ was also true humanity; body, soul and spirit although due to the virgin birth he had no old sin nature 1 Peter 2:22 4. The two natures of Jesus Christ are united with no transfer of attributes. Each set of attributes corresponds to the respective natures. The divine attributes such as eternal life, all knowing, everywhere, refers to His divine nature, the human attributes correspond to His human nature. To remove any attribute from His deity would be to destroy deity. 5. No aspect of the divine nature was lacking, although certain attributes were not exercised in line with the Father's plan Matthew 4:1-10 6. The union of the two natures in the person of Christ must be considered personal, human to the human, divine to the divine. They are never mixed. The union was therefore personal and hypostatic; one essence with two natures. 7. Deity did not indwell humanity or possess it. The union was more than sympathy and harmony, it was unique combining the two natures eternally. He is the God – man 8. Christ had two natures in one person, therefore he could be supremely powerful yet weak at the same time. a) Deity cannot be tempted, humanity can. Matthew 4:1-10 b) Deity cannot thirst, humanity can John 19:28. c) Deity is omniscient , humanity learns Luke 2:40,52 9. The necessity of the humanity of the Lord Jesus Christ is seen in the following:- a) To be our Saviour he had to be man as God cannot die. Hebrews 2:14,15, Philippians 2:7,8 b) To be our mediator He had to be equal with both God and man Job 9:2, 32-33, 1 Timothy 2:5-6 c) To be our High Priest He must be a man. Hebrews 7:4,5 14-28; 10:5, 10-14 d) To be a king he must be a man, a Jew in the line of David. Psalm 89:20-37, 2 Samuel 7:8-16
a) From his deity alone John 8:58 b) From his humanity alone John 19:28 c) From his hypostatic union - John 11:25,26 11. The uniqueness of the person of the Lord Jesus Christ is a key doctrine to understand for all believers, for it is on this point that the accurate preaching of the gospel rests. 1 Timothy 3:16 12. The gospel in one word is Immanuel - God with us. John's testimony on this point John 1:14. In Christ we see God's love and favour towards man. As God revealed himself in the Old Testament, so He perfectly reveals himself in the person of the unique person of the universe , the God man the Lord Jesus Christ. CHRISTIAN LIFE: DOUBT 1. When we have a doubt we must be honest with God. 2. Write your doubts out on paper clearly so that you are ready to see the answer when it comes. 3. Commit this before the Lord in prayer. Express it bluntly and openly and expect God to answer. Nehemiah 1:4 -11 Mark 9:24 4. The Bible tells us to cast our cares upon him, 1 Peter 4:19, 5:7. "Cares" are anything that concern us 5. Use a concordance to find verses dealing with the subject which concerns you. Ask yourself the following questions: a) What does the Bible state about my doubt/concern? b) What definite statements does the Bible make about this subject? c) Do I believe God's word on this issue? PROPHET 1. The gift of prophecy and the office of the prophet are distinguished in scripture. In the Old Testament there were those who had the office of prophet, and served in an official capacity within the worship system of Israel but there were also those who at times were given the gift of prophecy to give a special prophecy even though they were not full time prophets. Elijah was a man with the office and the gift, where-as David had the gift at times but not the office. 2. The roles of the person with the office of prophet were many and varied: a) Aaron was a preacher (Exodus 7:1). b) In Nehemiah's time the prophet-preacher had a role to exegete the Word of God clearly so that the people would know the truth (Nehemiah 6:7, Hosea 6:5). c) As revivalists they were to call people to repentance (Judges 6:7-12, Zechariah 7:7-12). d) They were to oppose apostasy so that those who were likely to be misled by a false teacher would have no excuse (1 Kings 18:36-39, 40, 2 Chronicles 25:15, Ezekiel 2:5, 2 Kings 20:11). e) They were encouragers of the people (Ezra 5:2). f) They were sometimes song/worship leaders for the people (1 Samuel 10:5). g) They led in prayer at worship (2 Chronicles 32:20). h) They were the advisors to the kings and they were associated with coronations (1Samuel 10:1, 1Kings 11:28, 29, 2 Kings 9:1-6, 2 Chronicles 12:5, 2 Chronicles 12:6, 15:2-7). i) They were spiritual advisors or seers for the kings; they "saw" the immediate future and so were able to advise the kings of the right decisions (1 Samuel 9:9, 2 Samuel 24:11, 1 Chronicles 21:9, 24:29, 2 Chronicles 19:2, 33: 18, 2 Kings 17:13, Isaiah 29:10). j) They were fore-tellers of significant future events (2 Samuel 7:5-16, Amos 9:11, Isaiah 9:6,7, Isaiah 53, Ezekiel 34:22ff, Micah 5:2, Daniel 9:26, Zechariah 13:8, Joel, Zechariah 14) and many more. k) God intended them to be the shepherds and vine-dressers of the nation. As such they were to be the type of Christ, who is referred to in the Old Testament as "the great prophet" (Deuteronomy 18:15-19, Zechariah 13:5-6, Matthew 21:11 , Luke 7:16, 8: 18-20, 24:19, 23-26, John 7:40,41). 3. There was no "set" formula for the prophets to follow, but certain things were established as "tests" for the people to be sure the prophet was genuine. a) The prophet had to have a spiritual life witness that was like Moses (Deuteronomy 34:10 - 12). b) God spoke to the prophets by dreams and visions. God spoke to Moses face to face but he was an exception (Numbers 12:6-7). c) The prophet had to be totally confident of his message, as he was judged by God if there was any falsehood in it (1 Kings 22:13, 14, 2 Kings 5:8). d) There were to be no secret prophecies, everything was to be open and clear, so that all the people might be warned of God (Jeremiah 23:25-29). e) The prophet had to be specific in his message and had to be obeyed literally (2 Kings 5:10-19, note especially verse 13). 4. There were always false prophets; in fact the great prophets of the Old Testament were always outnumbered by false prophets in their own day (Jeremiah 2:8, Ezekiel 13:1-23). Our Lord warned us that there will always be false prophets about (Matthew 7:15 - 23). NOTE THE LORD'S WORDS here in that the personal walk of the prophet is to be paid attention to. No spiritual fruit in their life = no truth in their words. God allows the false prophets to operate without immediate judgement upon them, so that believers are always presented with an obedience test, to see whether we will obey the scriptures or follow our own lusts to judgement. False prophets will abound at times of poor Bible teaching. Weeds only grow in poorly cared for soil (Hosea 4:5, 6, 9:7, 8). 5. Tests that believers must apply when confronting a person claiming the gift of prophecy: a) The words of the prophet will never contradict the Word of God (Jeremiah 23:33-36, 2 Peter 2:1-3, 1 Corinthians 14:32). b) The prophet will never call people away from genuine worship of God (Deuteronomy 13:1- 5). c) The prophet will always be specific and the prophecy will be able to be tested (Deuteronomy 18:20-22, Jeremiah 28:9). d) Any prophet who asked for money was to be treated as false (Jeremiah 8:10). e) Any prophet who was a drunkard was to be treated as false (Micah 2:11). f) Any unconfessed sin of envy, jealousy, strife,.....etc in their life , they were false! (Jeremiah 23:11). g) God's prophets were generally men alone, not in groups (1 Kings 22:5-8, 18:22). h) Does the prophecy accord with scripture? (1 Corinthians 14:37, 38, 2 Kings 23:2). RELIGION 1. Satan's religion is a humanly acceptable one: no sin, no judgment, no Saviour and no Hell. Satan appears as an angel of light. (2 Corinthians 11:13-19,26) 2. Many pastors in the churches are servants of Satan's policy, knowingly or unknowingly. (Isaiah 30:12, Jeremiah 2:8, 2 Peter 2:1-10) 3. Satan's strategy towards unbelievers is to keep them blinded to the gospel. (2 Corinthians 4:3-4, Colossians 2:8, 2 Thessalonians 2:9-10) 4. Satan's strategy towards believers is:- a) To confuse by false teaching. (Matthew 7:15, Romans 16:18) b) To appeal to pride. (2 Corinthians 10:12) c) To promote idolatry. (Habakkuk 2:18,19) d) To promote legalism. (1 Timothy 1:7-8)
a) Counterfeit gospel. (2 Corinthians 11:3-4) b) Counterfeit pastors. (2 Corinthians 11:13-15) c) Counterfeit communion. (1 Corinthians 10:19-21) d) Counterfeit doctrine. (2 Timothy 4:1) e) Counterfeit righteousness. (Matthew 19:16-28) f) Counterfeit way of life. (Matthew 23) g) Counterfeit power. (2 Thessalonians 2:8-10) h) Counterfeit gods. (2 Thessalonians 2:3-4) UNBELIEVER 1. God is Holy and cannot compromise with sin or evil. (Psalm 22:1-3, John 1:5) 2. Sin is solved at the Cross for all. (1 John 2:2) 3. The way is therefore open to all who will believe. (John 3:16,36, Acts 16:31) 4. Those who reject Christ are without hope, promise and God in the world. (Ephesians 2:12, Romans 5:14,17, 6:23) 5. We are born dead to God. (Psalm 51:5) 6. It is only through Christ that we can be born again. (John 14:6) 7. The unbeliever spurns this grace offer and the Lord who died for him. (Hebrews 2:1-4) 8. God is Love, but when love is spurned, that person has chosen darkness rather than light. They are therefore judged on the basis of their works as they have rejected the Lord's work for them. (John 3:16-21, Revelation 20:11-15) 9. The first stop for the unbeliever after death is Torments in Hades or Sheol . This is a place of regret, torment and anguish. It is also called the bottomless pit. (Revelation 9:2) 10. Their ultimate state is the Lake of Fire after they have been judicially sentenced to it by the Lord Jesus Christ at the Last Judgment where they are judged according to their works. (Revelation 14:11, 20:11-15, Matthew 8:12, 25:41, Mark 9:44, Jude 13) WISDOM “The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom” Psalm 111:10 1. Wisdom is identified as understanding (Proverbs 8:1, 5). 2. Wisdom will speak of things that are right, i.e. just and unbiased (Proverbs 8:6). 3. Wisdom will speak truth and will abstain from wicked or malicious words (Proverbs 8:7). 4. Wisdom results in righteous (just, honest) words and will refrain from perverse or slanderous speech (Proverbs 8:8). 5. Words of wisdom will be heard and understood by those who have understanding and knowledge (Proverbs 8:9). 6. Wisdom will seek after instruction rather than wealth (Proverbs 8:10). 7. Wisdom is better than material gain (Proverbs 8:11). 8. Wisdom is identified with prudence (discretion), it is discerning regarding ‘witty inventions’ (evil plots) (Proverbs 8:12). 9. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom (Psalm 111:10); therefore, to hate evil, pride and arrogance is a sign of wisdom (Proverbs 8:13). 10. There is strength (mastery) in wisdom (Proverbs 8:14). 11. Wisdom is necessary to leadership (Proverbs 8:15-16). 12. Wisdom will come to those who seek her early in life (Proverbs 8:17). 13. Those things that God considers true riches, i.e. a good name, humility and fear of the LORD are the rewards of wisdom (Proverbs 8:18-19 cf. Proverbs 22:1, 4). 14. Wisdom is eternal (Proverbs 8:22-23). 15. Wisdom was before the creation; was instrumental in creation and for creations benefit (Proverbs 8:24-35). 16. He that falls short of wisdom does wrong (does violence) to his eternal soul (Proverbs 8:36). NAMES AND MISSION OF THE TWELVE MARK 6:6B-13 [MATTHEW 10: 1-15, LUKE 9:1-6] see HARMONY 74-10 And he went round about the villages, teaching. 7 And he called unto him the twelve, and began to send them forth by two and two; and gave them power over unclean spirits; 8 And commanded them that they should take nothing for their journey, save a staff only; no scrip, no bread, no money in their purse: 9 But be shod with sandals; and not put on two coats. 10 And he said unto them, In what place soever ye enter into an house, there abide till ye depart from that place. 11 And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear you, when ye depart thence, shake off the dust under your feet for a testimony against them. Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment, than for that city. 12 And they went out, and preached that men should repent. 13 And they cast out many devils, and anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them. KEY WORDS
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