Gender issues

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Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India 2001

Table 8: Access to Amenities for Rural Households in Percentage
Name of State/District	Good & Livable Households	Permanent Houses	Non-Serviceable Households	Semi Permanent & Serviceable Households	Water Away from Home^⁵	Households without Water and Electricity	Households without Drinking Water, Electricity and Latrines	Rural Households Availing Banking Services
TAMIL NADU	99	47	4	49	13	5	5	18
Viluppuram	99	33	5	62	14	5	4	17
Nagapattinam	99	34	8	57	11	6	6	22

Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India 2001
Even though 99 per cent of the households occupy livable houses, only a third are permanent. Furthermore, over a tenth of the households have to traverse a distance of 500 metres to get water for the household. On both the quality of houses and access to drinking water, the two Tamil Nadu districts have better attainments than the other districts in our entire selection. Only a fifth of the households avail banking services.

2. Maharashtra

Table 9: Demographic Profile of Rural Households
Name of State/Districts	% Rural Households	Average Size of Rural Households	% Rural Population	% SC	% ST	SC+ ST %	Sex Ratio	Literacy Rate
Name of State/Districts	% Rural Households	Average Size of Rural Households	% Rural Population	% SC	% ST	SC+ ST %	Sex Ratio	Persons	Male	Female
MAHARASHTRA	58	4.99	57.57	10.93	13.42	24.35	960	59.73	69.26	49.79
Nandurbar	86	5.29	84.55	2.57	74.71	77.28	986	41.75	50.58	32.79
Nanded	78	5.33	76.04	18.56	10.19	28.75	947	53.66	65.08	41.60

Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India 2001
While Nandurbar is a predominantly tribal district, Nanded has an above-average Scheduled Caste population. The average size of rural households is more than the state average, and literacy rates are below the state average. Literacy performance is particularly poor in Nandurbar. Though adverse for women everywhere, the sex ratio is on the whole unfavorable in Nanded on account of low ratios for all social categories like Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

Table 10: Workforce Characteristics in Rural Areas
Name of State/Districts	Workforce Participation Rate			% Main Worker	% Total Agricultural Labour +Marginal Cultivators	% Marginal Agricultural Labour+ Marginal Cultivators	% Agriculture Dependent Population	% Household Based Occupation	%Others	% Marginal Work
Name of State/Districts	Persons	Male	Female	% Main Worker	% Total Agricultural Labour +Marginal Cultivators	% Marginal Agricultural Labour+ Marginal Cultivators	% Agriculture Dependent Population	% Household Based Occupation	%Others	% Marginal Work
MAHARASHTRA	48.88	53.93	43.61	80.16	43.73	17.01	80.27	2.27	17.45	19.84
Nandurbar	49.62	52.75	46.43	73.31	56.95	25.11	89.04	1.48	9.48	26.69
Nanded	46.20	50.38	41.79	78.71	51.95	18.84	84.97	2.20	12.83	21.29

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Gender issues

Table 8: Access to Amenities for Rural Households in Percentage

Table 9: Demographic Profile of Rural Households

Table 10: Workforce Characteristics in Rural Areas