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Tamil Nadu
As compared to the rest of the state, the selected districts are predominantly rural with a higher than average rural population. There is also a high concentration of Scheduled Caste population. The employment situation is grim, with a relatively higher percentage of marginal workers in the workforce. Agriculture dependence is high, predominantly in the agricultural labour and marginal cultivator categories. WPR4 is lower for women everywhere. Female marginal workers are a third of the female workforce, a sign of high disguised unemployment. This is far higher than for men in the same districts and for women in the state. A very high percentage of female workers depend on agricultural labour in the selected districts, which makes the NREGS a very important policy instrument to address the high underemployment and unemployment.
| |
Name of State/Districts
|
% Rural Households
|
Average Size of Rural Households
|
% Rural Population
|
% SC
|
% ST
|
SC+ ST %
|
Sex Ratio
|
Literacy Rate
|
Persons
|
Male
|
Female
|
TAMIL NADU
|
58
|
4.22
|
55.96
|
23.79
|
1.58
|
25.37
|
992
|
58.19
|
67.51
|
48.79
|
Viluppuram
|
87
|
4.65
|
85.58
|
29.23
|
2.43
|
31.66
|
983
|
53.20
|
63.40
|
42.82
|
Nagapattinam
|
80
|
4.26
|
77.82
|
34.48
|
0.14
|
34.62
|
1011
|
64.88
|
72.62
|
57.21
|
Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India 2001
Nagapattinam has a low workforce participation rate, largely due to the abysmally low participation of women. The dependence of non-workers on workers is high. The district’s performance on the literacy front is better than the state, and the gender ratio is higher and favourable to women.
Table 6: Workforce Characteristics in Rural Areas |
|
Name of State/Districts
|
Workforce Participation Rate
|
% Main Worker
|
% Total Agricultural Labour +Marginal Cultivators
|
% Agriculture Dependent Population
|
% Household Based Occupation
|
%Others
|
% Marginal Work
|
Persons
|
Male
|
Female
|
TAMIL NADU
|
50.28
|
59.10
|
41.40
|
81.38
|
44.94
|
70.09
|
4.82
|
25.10
|
18.62
|
Viluppuram
|
51.21
|
58.21
|
44.10
|
76.71
|
52.93
|
83.97
|
2.32
|
13.71
|
23.29
|
Nagapattinam
|
41.51
|
56.34
|
26.84
|
77.95
|
62.83
|
74.77
|
1.90
|
23.33
|
22.05
|
Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India 2001
The gender ratio is lower and adverse to women in Viluppuram, as is the literacy rate. WPR is a little above the state average, Agriculture dependence is higher on account of the ‘cultivator’ category.
| |
Name of State/District
|
Literacy Rate
|
Sex Ratio
|
SC Sex Ratio
|
ST Sex Ratio
|
Workforce Participation Rate
|
% Main Workers
|
% Cultivators
|
% Agriculture Labour
|
% Household based Occupation
|
% Others
|
% Marginal Worker
|
TAMIL NADU
|
48.79
|
992
|
998
|
977
|
41.40
|
72.95
|
24.22
|
54.06
|
6.88
|
14.84
|
27.05
|
Viluppuram
|
42.82
|
983
|
985
|
980
|
44.10
|
66.10
|
26.53
|
63.66
|
2.61
|
7.21
|
33.90
|
Nagapattinam
|
57.21
|
1011
|
1004
|
964
|
26.84
|
65.91
|
9.12
|
78.13
|
2.59
|
10.16
|
34.09
| |
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