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Fourth National Report to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity


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National Plan of Development (PND) 2007-2013


The strategic directions of Priority 3 of PND, protection and improvement of environment quality, are in agreement with the long-term objectives of the Romanian policy of the environment and are based on the European Strategy for Sustainable Development, the 6th EU Program of Action for Environment and the Lisbon Agenda.

The Strategic Framework of PND is centred on the following directions: sustainable development of the natural values and improvement of environment quality; integration of the policy of environment protection within the regional and sectoral policies; protection and preservation of the natural patrimony; preservation of the biodiversity; reduction of disparities between regions and improvement of population access to public services; promote the education for environmental protection and the flow of information.

The Objectives are: consolidate environmental protection and reduce the adverse impact on the environment.

According to the horizontal objectives of PND 2007-2013 – sustainable development, equal opportunity and promote the information society – country development must have a sustainable character from the economic, social and environment protection points of view. Romania will use in an efficient and responsible manner its natural resources and will take actions to reduce the amount of produced waste and to develop waste management, to improve pollution prevention and control and to develop agricultural and fishery processes and systems.

Internationally funded large projects on-going or completed recently:

Implementing the Nature 2000 Ecological Network in Romania (MATRA, 2004-2006).



Taking into account the present status of the Romanian biological diversity and the European provisions for nature conservation was established the following priority objectives:





  • Development of the legislative framework and strengthening the institutional capacity for biological diversity conservation and sustainable use of its components.

  • Organisation of the national network of protected areas and ensuring their efficient and adequate management for the natural habitats protection and biological diversity conservation.

  • Conservation of threatened, endemic, and/or rare species with a high economic value “in situ” and “ex-situ”.

  • The integration of the National Strategy for the Biological Diversity Conservation and Sustainable Use of its Components within the National Strategy, as well as within the departmental and local strategies, plans, programmes and policies for the national and local sustainable development.

  • The protection, conservation and restoration of the terrestrial and aquatic biological diversity outside protected areas through (a reducing the negative impacts of pollution, natural resources overexploitation and inappropriate land-use practices and (b) restoring altered ecosystems and habitats.

  • Protection, conservation and restoration of the biological diversity specific to agro-systems through the implementation of the technologies which favour sustainable agriculture.

  • Training specialists and the general population in the spirit and techniques of biological diversity conservation and sustainable use of its components.

  • Involvement of NGOs and local communities in programmes and actions for biological diversity protection, conservation and restoration.

  • Conducting of special research and monitoring programmes for improving the knowledge of the biological diversity status.


CHAPTER 5 – Conclusions
However, it is important to mention that all these documents of strategic planning are currently little coordinated and correlated among them, some areas/problems being covered by an impressive number of strategies, plans of action, programs and projects, while other areas/problems are rather neglected.

Priorities


  • General measures for conservation and sustainable use;

  • Establishment of the Clearing House Mechanism and enhancement of Romania’s participation in CHM including biodiversity information systems;

  • Assessment and monitoring programmes;

  • Sustainable use of components of biological diversity;

  • In-situ conservation;

  • Incentive measures;

  • Research and training;

  • Public education and awareness;

  • Impact assessment and minimizing adverse impacts.

There are many data or clues that lead us to the conclusion that on the territory of our country there are still unprotected areas that conserve elements of flora and fauna, rare, vulnerable and/or endangered of national or communitary interest that should deserve to be protected.


What is missing, and this lack is acute, is the detailed knowledge, for the whole country, of the distribution and abundance of plants and animals species included to the categories above mentioned.

Achieving a database upon the country is not a goal in itself as it must have a finality – that of bringing arguments for setting under the protection of law the areas/ecosystems that consists of floristic and/or faunal elements valuable considering their biological and bio-geographical significance, maybe even with the thought of the possibility they become in the future potential resources with economical value.


Primary Objective


  • Conservation of the natural habitats and wild flora and fauna species;

  • Economic department strategies which integrate objectives of the National Strategy for Biological Diversity Conservation;

  • Conservation and enhancement of biological diversity by the reduction of the negative impacts as well as the ecological restoration of altered ecosystems and habitats;

  • Protection, conservation and restoration of the biological diversity specific to agro-systems through the implementation of the technologies which favour sustainable agriculture;

  • Specialists and general population trained and educated in biological diversity conservation principles;

  • Participating of NGOs and local communities in programmes for biological diversity conservation;

  • Special research and development programmes for biological diversity conservation.


Major Activities


  • Setting up the Green Corridor in the inferior basin of Danube;

  • Organization of the Protected Areas National Network in order to cover all the types of ecosystems and habitats, and all the plant and wild animal species which are of special interest;

  • Organisation of the network for the conservation of genetic resources of flora and wild fauna outside the protected areas;

  • Revision of the technologies and management of biological resources in concordance with the objectives for biological diversity conservation;

  • Implementation of new management systems and alternative technologies which conserve biological diversity;

  • Establishment of criteria and indicators for biological diversity monitoring of economic sectors extracting and using natural resources;

  • Prohibition of the unselective use of pesticides as well as the promotion of biological pest control;

  • Identifying and ecologically reconstruction of ecosystems degraded by over-exploitation, pollution etc;

  • Restoration of vegetation clusters and the creation of protective curtains on arable lands;

  • Inventory and mapping of arable lands non-profitable for intensive exploitation;

  • Elaboration of projects to enhance biological diversity on arable lands whose use has been changed (SAPARD) ;

  • Reconstruction of arable lands that are no longer used to enhance biological diversity and promoting the biotechnology to conserve the biological diversity in the agriculture systems (SAPARD) ;

  • Creation of a centre for professional training of specialists who will work in the biological diversity conservation field;

  • Organising the education of the population in biological diversity conservation principles through mass media;

  • Publishing materials for biological diversity conservation;

  • Elaboration of economic instruments that can involve local communities in biological diversity conservation;

  • Involvement of NGOs and local communities in the implementation of management projects for the protected areas;

  • Involvement of NGOs in monitoring biological diversity;

  • Development of a national programme for research on ecological, species and genetic biological diversity;

  • Conduct research regarding the necessary density and structure of green corridors;

  • Assessment of biological diversity in areas insufficiently or not at all studied

  • Development of research for the elaboration of new systems and technologies for a sustainable management of biological resources needed to ensure biological diversity conservation;

  • Research for the elaboration of measures to intervene in the protected areas in order to maintain biological diversity.


Target Outputs


  • “In situ” conservation of the wild species and of the natural habitats;

  • “Ex situ” conservation of the species;

  • Conservation of biological diversity;

  • Monitoring of biological diversity;

  • Prevention of the decline in biological diversity;

  • Conservation and reconstruction of biological diversity;

  • Enhancement of biological diversity;

  • Monitoring of biological diversity in agriculture systems;

  • Restoration of biological diversity in degraded habitats;

  • Restoration of biological diversity;

  • Specialist training;

  • Awareness and informing of the population;

  • Up-dating the state of the natural capital, elaborating the Red Book of wild flora and fauna species and designating the protected areas;

  • Up-dating the state of the natural capital;

  • Evaluate the state of the natural capital.



Bibliography
Strategies

  1. Guvernul României 2005, Protecţia Mediului, Amenajarea Teritoriului şi Dezvoltarea Regională, Cap. 6 în: Strategia naţională de dezvoltare economică a României pe termen mediu;

  2. Hotărârea nr. 163 din 12 februarie 2004 privind aprobarea Strategiei naţionale în domeniul eficienţei energetice, Anexa nr. I: Strategia Naţională în domeniul eficienţei energetice;

  3. Ministerul Educaţiei şi Cercetării, Strategia învăţământului superior românesc pe perioada 2002-2010;

  4. Ministry of European Integration, Strategy for the National Plan for Development 2007-2013;.

  5. Ministerul Mediului şi Gospodăririi Apelor, Document de politică, Strategie permanentă şi coordonare a politicilor structurale pentru anul 2005 şi perspectiva 2006-2008;

  6. OMAAP nr. 226/2003 pentru aprobarea Strategiei privind organizarea activităţii de imbunătăţire şi exploatare a pajiştilor la nivel naţional, pe termen mediu si lung, publicat în Monitorul Oficial, Partea I, nr. 423, din 17 iunie 2003, . [Strategy Concerning the Organization of the Activities for the Improvement and Exploitation of Pastures at National Level on Medium and Long-Term];

  7. Strategia Naţională în domeniul protejării fondului piscicol şi gestionării durabile a acestuia.


Plans

  1. MAPDR. Planului Naţional pentru Agricultură şi Dezvoltare Rurală;

  2. Ministerul Apelor şi Protecţiei Mediului. Planul Naţional de Acţiune pentru Protecţia Mediului. (www.mappm.ro).

  3. Planul Local de Acţiune pentru protecţia mediului. Judeţul Caraş-Severin 2003. Centrul Regional de Protecţia Mediului pentru Europa Centrală şi de Est;

  4. Planul Naţional pentru Agricultură şi Dezvoltare Rurală;

  5. Plan Naţional de Acţiune pentru Protecţia Mediului (2004 - 2008);

  6. Programul Naţional de Aderarea a României la Uniunea Europeană;

  7. ***** Planul Naţional de Dezvoltare 2004-2008;

  8. ***** Politica de Mediu. Seria Micromonografii - Politici Europene;.

  9. ***** Plan de dezvoltare forestieră.


Studies

  1. Badea O., Robu D., Neagu, S. 2005, Starea de sănătate a pădurilor din România în anul 2004, evaluată prin sistemul de monitoring forestier, Revista Pădurilor 120;

  2. Bănăduc D. 2004, Impreună pentru Ecodezvoltare, ONG Ecotur Sibiu, Fundaţia pentru Parteneriat;

  3. Biriş, I. 2004. Probleme specifice sectorului forestier în perspectiva integrării europene a României. ICAS Bucureşti;

  4. Biriş, I. et al. Inventory and strategy for sustainable management and conservation of virgin forests in Romania. Research Report, ICAS Bucureşti;

  5. Biriş I., Marin G., Stoiculescu, C. Maxim, I., Vergheleţ M., Apostol, I. 2005, Protected Forest Areas in Europe- Analysis and Harmonisation, Country Report Romania;

  6. Manoleli Dan, Găldean Nicolae, Cogălniceanu Dan, Nistor Marius, Raport de evaluare tematică privind implementarea Convenţiei Naţiunilor Unite pentru Diversitate Biologică în România, Editura Focus-Multimedia, Bucureşti, 2004;

  7. MAPDR. 2005. Voluntary national report on the implementation of IPF/IFF proposals for action to the Fifth Session of the United Nations Forum on Forests, Romania;

  8. Mihăilescu S., Falcă, M., 2004, Bioplatform-Romanian National Platform for Biodiversity. Vol. 1, Biodiversity Research Strategy. Bucharest, Vergiliu;

  9. MMGA, 2005, Evaluarea capacităţii de cercetare în domeniul biotehnologiilor moderne din România, Bucureşti, Editura Cartea Universitară;

  10. Netoiu, C., Tomescu, R. 2005, Noi specii de molii miniere în salcâmetele;

  11. Sârbu, A., 2005, Romania. In: Important Plant Areas in Central and Eastern Europe, Priority Sites for Plant Conservation. PlantLife International, pp. 51-55.

  12. WWF-DCP. 2005. Ghid practic pentru identificarea pădurilor cu valoare ridicată de conservare, Bucureşti.


Laws

  1. OMAPDR nr. 197/2005, Ordin pentru aprobarea organizării Sistemului naţional de monitoring integrat al solului, Monitorul Oficial nr. 471/3.06.2005;

  2. OMAPDR nr. 424/2005, Ordin pentru aprobarea Normei tehnice interne cu privire la ocrotirea şi gestionarea durabilă a resurselor acvatice vii din apele de munte administrate de Retia Natională a Pădurilor – Romsilva, Monitorul Oficial nr. 524/21.06.2005;

  3. OMMGA nr. 494/2005. Ordin privind aprobarea procedurilor de încredinţare a administrării şi de atribuire în custodie a ariilor naturale protejate, Monitorul Oficial nr. 487/9.06I.2005;.

  4. HG nr. 2151 din 30.11.2004 privind instituirea regimului de arie naturală protejată pentru noi zone, publicată in Monitorul Oficial nr. 38 din 12.01.2005.


International conventions ratified by Romania


  1. Convenţia Naţiunilor Unite privind Diversitatea Biologică, ratificată prin Legea nr. 58/1994;

  2. Protocolul de la Cartagena privind biosecuritatea la Convenţia privind diversitatea biologică, ratificat prin Legea nr. 59/2003;

  3. Convenţia privind comerţul internaţional cu specii sălbatice de faună şi floră pe cale de dispariţie (CITES), ratificată prin Legea nr. 69/1994;

  4. Convenţia privind zonele umede de importanţă internaţională, în special ca habitat al păsărilor acvatice, ratificată prin Legea nr. 5/1991;

  5. Convenţia privind protecţia patrimoniului mondial, cultural şi natural, acceptată prin Decretul nr. 187/1990;

  6. Convenţia privind conservarea vieţii sălbatice şi a habitatelor naturale din Europa la care România a aderat prin Legea nr. 13/1993;

  7. Convenţia privind conservarea speciilor migratoare de animale sălbatice, la care România a aderat prin Legea nr. 13/1998;

  8. Convenţia europeană a peisajelor, ratificată prin Legea nr. 451/2002;

  9. Convenţia privind protecţia şi utilizarea cursurilor de apă transfrontaliere şi lacurilor internaţionale, ratificată prin Legea nr. 30/1995;

  10. Convenţia privind cooperarea pentru protecţia şi utilizarea durabilă a fluviului Dunărea, ratificată prin Legea nr. 14/1995;

  11. Convenţia privind evaluarea impactului aspura mediului în context transfrontier, ratificată prin Legea nr. 22/2001;

  12. Convenţia privind accesul la informaţie, participarea publicului la luarea deciziilor şi accesul la justiţie în probleme de mediu, ratificată prin Legea nr. 86/2000;

  13. RSPB, Bird Life International. 2008. Climate Change – wildlife and adaptation;

  14. European Environment Agency, Joint Research Center JRC, World Health Organization), September 2008;

19. Report on "Impacts of Europe's changing climate – 2008 indicator based assessment, ISSN 175-9177;

http://reports.eea.europa.eu/eea_report_2008_4/en

Web Sites
www.biodiv.org

www.cncsis.ro

www.euobserver.com/

www.euractiv.com

www.gefonline.org

www.gov.ro

www.grid.unep.ch/bsein/

www.infoeuropa.ro

www.mappm.ro

www.mie.ro

www.mt.ro

www.un.org/
Abbreviations and acronyms
AWP Annual Work Plan

BIMS Biodiversity Information Management System

CBD Convention on Biological Diversity

CHM Clearing House Mechanism

COP Conference of the Parties

EA Enabling Activities

EC European Commission

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

GEF Global Environmental Facility

IBIS Integrated Biodiversity Information System

IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

MESD Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development

NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

NCSA National Capacity Self Assessment

NEA National Executing Agency

NGO Non-Governmental Organization

NSC National Steering Committee

PM Project manager

PMU Protected Management Unit

UNCCD United Nations Convention on Climate Change

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

UNDP-CO United Nations Development Programme Country Office

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change



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