Exam 3 Review Questions 23. 12 Format

25-30 multiple choice

5-7 definitions

1 draw and label

4-6 short answer

-What is evolution?

-What are the key drivers of microevolution (4)? What are the different classes of mutations?

-What is Natural Selection and what are the some possible outcomes?

-Define taxonomy and systematics. How are they related?

-What two ways do we group or classify organisms?

-How do we determine phylogenies and what are the benefits and pitfalls of each

method?

-In general, how do fungi reproduce? Describe both strategies.

-What are the four main phyla composing the fungi? What are some of the traits associated with each of these phyla?

-What are some benefits conferred by fungi?

-What about some detrimental aspects conferred by fungi?
-What are the three generalized life cycles? Draw out each of these cycles, labeling sporophyte and gametophyte generations.

-What is alternation of generation?

-What are the phyla in the kingdom Protista? What do they all have in common?

-What does secondary endosymbiosis mean? What evidence exists that this has taken place in certain protist lineages? Be able to name at least one of these lineages.

-Describe three different protist phyla. What are some of the interesting features of these phyla?

-What is the function of the contractile vacuole in euglenoids? How is this consistent with what you know about osmolarity?

-Which group of protists is most likely to have given rise to the ancestor of land plants? Name both the phylum and the class. Give evidence to support your answer.

-What’s the difference between the red and green algae?

-What is special about the life cycle of some of the red alga? What kind of reproductive advantage might it serve?
-Which phyla are considered bryophytes?

-What traits do bryophytes have in common with vascular plants?

-What are the archegonia and antheridia? What function do they serve in bryophytes?

-What is matrotrophy?

-Which is the dominant phase of the bryophyte life cycle?

-What are the three main classes that are part of the Phylum Bryophyta?

-What are the interesting features you can describe about these classes?
-What are the three ways vasculature is arranged in vascular plants? Be able to draw these and know where each type is predominantly found.

-What are two different types of leaves? What steps were required for their evolution?

-What is the difference between heterospory and homospory? What type of gametophytes does each produce?

-What are the earliest know land plants? What did they look like?

-What are the two extant phyla of seedless vascular plants?

-What are the three orders of Lycopodiophyta? Be able to describe some of the general features of each order.

-What are the four orders of pteridophyta? Be able to describe some of the general features of each order.
-What is the function of a seed?

-How do gymnosperms differ from the plants we’ve talked about?