Estuarine bibliography
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Vorwerk, P.D., Froneman, P.W. & Paterson, A.W. 2007. Recovery of the critically endangered river pipefish, Syngnathus watermeyeri, in the Kariega Estuary, Eastern Cape province. South African Journal of Science 103: 199-201.Vorwerk, P.D., Froneman, P.W., Paterson, A.W., Strydom, N.A. & Whitfield, A.K. 2008a. Biological responses to a resumption in river flow in a fresh water deprived, permanently open southern African estuary. Water SA 34(5): 597-604. Vorwerk, P.D., Froneman, P.W., Paterson, A.W. & Whitfield, A.K. 2008b. Fish community response to increased river flow in the Kariega Estuary, a fresh-water deprived, permanently open southern African estuary. African Journal of Aquatic Science 33(3): 189-200. Vorwerk, P.D., Whitfield, A.K., Cowley, P.D. & Paterson, A.W. 2001. A survey of selected Eastern Cape estuaries with particular reference to the ichthyofauna. Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 72: 1-52.Vorwerk, P.D., Whitfield, A.K., Cowley, P.D. & Paterson, A.W. 2003. The influence of selected environmental variables on fish assemblage structure in a range of southeast African estuaries. Environmental Biology of Fishes 66: 237-247. Vrdoljak, S.M. & Hart, R.C. 2007. Groundwater seeps as potentially important refugia for freshwater fishes on the Eastern Shores of Lake St Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science 32(2): 125-132. Vumazonke, L.U., Mainoane, T.S., Bushula, T. & Pakhomov, E.A. 2008. A preliminary investigation of winter daily food intake by four small teleost fish species from the Igoda Estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science 33(1): 83-86. Wager, V.A. 1960. St Lucia wilderness trail. African Wildlife 14(4): 293-301. Wager, V.A. 1972. Kosi Bay. African Wildlife 26(2): 81-86. Waldron, M. 1986. The importance of water levels in the management of the Klein River estuary, Hermanus. MSc thesis, University of Cape Town, Cape Town. Walker, D.R., Perissonotto, R. & Bally, R.P.A. 2001. Phytoplankton/protozoan dynamics in the Nyara Estuary, a small temporarily open system in the Eastern Cape (South Africa). African Journal of Aquatic Science 26(1): 31-38. Wallace, J.H. 1969. Some effects of recent high salinities on the fish and molluscan shellfish life in St Lucia Lake, Zululand. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, Unpublished Report: 1-5. Wallace, J.H. 1974. Aspects of the biology and ecology of the estuarine fishes of the east coast of South Africa. PhD thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Wallace, J.H. 1975a. The estuarine fishes of the east coast of South Africa. Part 1. Species composition and length distribution in the estuarine and marine environments. Part 2. Seasonal abundance and migrations. Investigational Report of the Oceanographic Research Institute 40: 1 72. Wallace, J.H. 1975b. The estuarine fishes of the east coast of South Africa. Part 3. Reproduction. Investigational Report of the Oceanographic Research Institute 41: 1 48. Wallace, J.H. 1977. About estuarine fish. Eastern Cape Naturalist 60: 9-10. Wallace, J.H., et al. 1971. Preliminary report on aspects of the biology and ecology of the fish fauna of the Kosi Bay estuarine lakes. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, Unpublished Report: 1-12. Wallace, J.H., Kok, H.M., Beckley, L.E., Bennett, B., Blaber, S.J.M. & Whitfield, A.K. 1983. South African estuaries and their importance to fishes. Port Elizabeth Museum, Humewood: 9 pp. Wallace, J.H., Kok, H.M. & Beckley, L.E. 1984a. Inshore small mesh trawling survey of the Cape south coast. Part 2. Occurrence of estuarine associated fishes. South African Journal of Zoology 19: 165 169. Wallace, J.H., Kok, H., Beckley, L., Bennett, B., Blaber, S.J.M. & Whitfield, A.K. 1984b. South African estuaries and their importance to fishes. South African Journal of Science 80: 203 207. Wallace, J.H. & Schleyer, M.H. 1979. Age determination in two important species of South African angling fishes, the kob (Argyrosomus hololepidotus Lacep.) and the spotted grunter (Pomadasys commersonni Lacep.) Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 44: 15 26. Wallace, J.H. & van der Elst, R.P. 1975. The estuarine fishes of the east coast of South Africa. Part 4. Occurrence of juveniles in estuaries. Part 5. Ecology, estuarine dependence and status. Investigational Report of the Oceanographic Research Institute 42: 1 63. Walmsley Environmental Consultants. 1993. Environmental impact assessment for raising the weir at Lake Nhlabane. Contractual Report W/024: 119 pp. Ward, C.J. 1960. Report on spread of mangroves and siltation: Umlalazi Nature Reserve. Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, Unpublished Report: 1-9. Ward, C.J. 1971. Plant ecology of Isipingo Beach area. MSc thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Ward, C.J. & Steinke, T.D. 1982. A note on the distribution and approximate areas of mangroves in South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 1: 51 53. Ward, C.J., Steinke, T.D. & Ward, M.C. 1986. Mangroves of the Kosi system, South Africa: their re-establishment since a mass mortality in 1965/66. South African Journal of Botany 52: 501-512. Watling, H.R. & Watling, R.J. 1976. Trace metals in oysters from Knysna estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin 7: 45 47. Watling. R.J. 1982. East Cape Marine Pollution Monitoring Programme. Report for the period May-December, 1981. Zoology Department, University of Port Elizabeth, Report Series No. 17. Watling, R.J., Baird, D., Talbot, M.M.J.F. & Branch, E.B. 1983. Investigations into the pollution status of the East London area. Part 1. University of Port Elizabeth, Zoology Department Report Series No. 27: 82 pp. Watling, R.J., Talbot, M.M.J., Branch, E. & Marsland, S. 1985. Metals in South African estuaries. IX. Buffalo River. Water SA 11: 61 64. Watling, R.J., Talbot, M.M.J.F. & Watling, H.R. 1982. Preliminary investigation on the pollution status of the East London area. Part 1. Zoology Department, University of Port Elizabeth, Report Series No. 21. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1975. Trace metal studies in Knysna Estuary. Environment RSA 2: 5-7. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1977. Metal concentrations in surface sediments from Knysna estuary. CSIR (Pretoria) Special Report FIS 122: 38 pp. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1980. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. II. Knysna estuary. CSIR Special Report FIS 203: 122 pp. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982. The significance of the relative concentrations of Fe, Al, Ni and Co in estuarine and coastal sediments from the south eastern Cape. University of Port Elizabeth, Zoology Department Report Series No. 23. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982a. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. I. Swartkops River. Water SA 8: 26 35. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982b. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. II. Knysna River. Water SA 8: 36 44. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982c. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. III. Hartenbos, Little Brak and Great Brak Rivers (Mossel Bay). Water SA 8: 108 113. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982d. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. IV. Keurbooms and Bietou Rivers (Plettenberg Bay). Water SA 8: 114 119. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982e. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. V. Kromme and Gamtoos Rivers (St Francis Bay). Water SA 8: 187 191. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1982f. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. VI. Sundays River. Water SA 8: 192 195. Watling, R.J. & Watling, H.R. 1983. Metal surveys in South African estuaries. VII. Bushmans, Kariega, Kowie and Great Fish Rivers. Water SA 9: 66 70 Watling, R.J., Watling, H.R. & Butler, L.R.P. 1980. The monitoring of Knysna lagoon for trace metals. CSIR (Pretoria) Special Reports FIS 117 and FIS 165. Watt-Pringle, P. & Strydom, N.A. 2003. Habitat use by larval fishes in a temperate South African surf zone. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 58: 765-774. Webb, P., Perissinotto, R. & Wooldridge, T. 1987. Feeding of Mesopodopsis slabberi (Crustacea, Mysidacea) on naturally occurring phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series 38: 115 123. Webb, P. & Wooldridge, T.H. 1989. Diet elucidation: supplementary inferences from mysid feeding appendage morphology. South African Journal of Zoology 24: 106 109. Weerts, S.P., Cilliers, G. & Cyrus, D.P. 2003. Estuarine macrocrustacea of Richards Bay harbour, South Africa, with particular reference to the penaeid prawns. African Zoology 38(2): 286-296. Weerts, S.P. & Cyrus, D.P. 1998/99. A review of the ichthyofauna of the Mhlathuze Estuary. Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences 24: 99-110. Weerts, S.P. & Cyrus, D.P. 2001. The ichthyofauna of the Mhlathuze coastal lakes: some preliminary results. African Journal of Aquatic Science 26: 99-107. Weerts, S.P. & Cyrus, D.P. 2002a. Occurrence of young and small-sized fishes in different habitats within a subtropical South African estuary and adjacent harbour. Marine and Freshwater Research 53: 447-456. Weerts, S.P. & Cyrus, D.P. 2002b. Recruitment, settlement and abundance of sparids in adjacent estuarine embayments: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Journal of Fish Biology 61: 265. Weerts, S.P., Cyrus, D.P. & Forbes, A.T. 1997. The diet of juvenile Sillago sihama (Forsskal, 1775) from three estuarine systems in KwaZulu-Natal. Water SA 23, 95-100. Weisser, P.J. & Howard Williams, C. 1982. The vegetation of the Wilderness lakes system and the macrophyte encroachment problem. Bontebok 2: 19 40. Weisser, P.J., Whitfield, A.K. & Hall, C.M. 1992. The recovery and dynamics of submerged aquatic macrophyte vegetation in the Wilderness lakes, southern Cape. Bothalia 22: 283-288. Wepener, V. & Vermeulen, L.A. 1998/99. Comments on the water quality of the Mhlathuze Estuary in relation to determining the Ecological Integrity Class. Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences 24: 86-98. Wepener, V., Cyrus, D.P., Vermeulen, L.A., O’Brien, G.C. & Wade, P. 2006. Development of a water quality index for estuarine water quality management in South Africa. WRC Report No. 1163/1/06: 118. White, P.N. & Bruton, M.N. 1983. Food and feeding mechanisms of Gilchristella aestuarius (Pisces: Clupeidae). South African Journal of Zoology 18: 31 36. Whitfield, A.K. 1977a. Predation of fish in Lake St Lucia, Zululand. MSc thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Whitfield, A.K. 1977b. New life for St Lucia. South African Panorama 22: 48 49. Whitfield, A.K. 1977c. The future of aquatic birds at Lake St Lucia. Bokmakierie 29: 24 25. Whitfield, A.K. 1978a. The importance of the tidal cycle to wading birds on mud flats. Bokmakierie 30(1): 24 25. Whitfield, A.K. 1978b. Relationship between fish and piscivorous bird densities at Lake St Lucia. South African Journal of Science 74: 478. Whitfield, A.K. 1978c. Pied kingfisher catches two fishes in one dive. Ostrich 49: 45. Whitfield, A.K. 1979. Field observations on the lepidophagous teleost Terapon jarbua (Forskal). Environmental Biology of Fishes 4: 171 172. Whitfield, A.K. 1980a. A quantitative study of the trophic relationships within the fish community of the Mhlanga estuary, South Africa. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 10: 417 435. Whitfield, A.K. 1980b. Distribution of fishes in the Mhlanga estuary in relation to food resources. South African Journal of Zoology 15: 159 165. Whitfield, A.K. 1980c. Factors influencing the recruitment of juvenile fishes into the Mhlanga estuary. South African Journal of Zoology 15: 166 169. Whitfield, A.K. 1980d. Food chains in Lake St Lucia. In: Studies on the ecology of Maputaland. pp. 427 431. Bruton, M.N. & Cooper, K.H. (eds). Rhodes University, Grahamstown and Wildlife Society, Durban. Whitfield, A.K. 1980e. A checklist of fish species recorded from Maputaland estuarine systems. In: Studies on the ecology of Maputaland. pp. 204 209. Bruton, M.N. & Cooper, K.H. (eds). Rhodes University, Grahamstown and Wildlife Society, Durban. Whitfield, A.K. 1982. Trophic relationships and resource utilization within the fish communities of the Mhlanga and Swartvlei estuarine systems. PhD thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Whitfield, A.K. 1983. Factors influencing the utilization of southern African estuaries by fishes. South African Journal of Science 79: 362 365. Whitfield, A.K. 1984. The effects of prolonged aquatic macrophyte senescence on the biology of the dominant fish species in a southern African coastal lake. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 18: 315 329. Whitfield, A.K. 1985. The role of zooplankton in the feeding ecology of fish fry from some southern African estuaries. South African Journal of Zoology 20: 166 171. Whitfield, A.K. 1986a. Fish community structure response to major habitat changes within the littoral zone of an estuarine coastal lake. Environmental Biology of Fishes 17: 41 51. Whitfield, A.K. 1986b. Predation by whitebreasted cormorants on fishes in a southern Cape estuarine system. Ostrich 57: 248 249. Whitfield, A.K. 1987a. Feeding ecology of marine fish species in Cape estuaries. The Naturalist 31(1): 37 41. Whitfield, A.K. 1987b. Feeding ecology of some estuarine fish. Ichthos 16: 16 17. Whitfield, A.K. 1988a. The role of tides in redistributing macrodetrital aggregates within the Swartvlei estuary. Estuaries 11: 152 159. Whitfield, A.K. 1988b. The fish community of the Swartvlei estuary and the influence of food availability on resource utilization. Estuaries 11: 160 170. Whitfield, A.K. 1988c. Springing mullet, snapping crocodiles, swirling sharks and swimming pelicans. Ichthos 18: 19. Whitfield, A.K. 1988d. Why do mullet jump? Ichthos 18: 20. Whitfield, A.K. 1989a. Ichthyoplankton interchange in the mouth region of a southern African estuary. Marine Ecology Progress Series 54: 25 33. Whitfield, A.K. 1989b. Fish larval composition, abundance and seasonality in a southern African estuarine lake. South African Journal of Zoology 24: 217 224. Whitfield, A.K. 1989c. Ichthyoplankton in a southern African surf zone: nursery area for the postlarvae of estuarine associated fish species? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 29: 533 547. Whitfield, A.K. 1989d. The benthic invertebrate community of a southern Cape estuary: structure and possible food sources. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 47: 159 179. Whitfield, A.K. 1989e. Paradise lagoon or paradise lost? Ichthos 22: 2-3. Whitfield, A.K. 1989f. The restoration of Paradise lagoon. Ichthos 23: 14-15. Whitfield, A.K. 1989g. Estuarine fishes of southern Africa. Ichthos 24: 12 13. Whitfield, A.K. 1990a. Life history styles of fishes in South African estuaries. Environmental Biology of Fishes 28: 295 308. Whitfield, A.K. 1990b. Estuarine fishes, illustrated by the spotted grunter. In: Marine recreational fishing: resource usage, management and research. pp. 73 75. van der Elst, R.P. (ed.). South African National Scientific Programmes Report No. 167: 126 pp. Whitfield, A.K. 1990c. Estuaries. In: Marine Science and Technology in South Africa, pp. 24 25. Herbst, J.F. & Shackleton, L. (eds). Foundation for Research Development, Pretoria. Whitfield, A.K. 1991. A bibliography of southern African estuarine research (1950-1990). J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Investigational Report 36: 75 pp. Whitfield, A.K. 1992a. Juvenile fish recruitment over an estuarine sand bar. Ichthos 36: 23. Whitfield, A.K. 1992b. A characterization of southern African estuarine systems. Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences 18: 89-103. Whitfield, A.K. 1992c. Why should we study fishes in estuaries? Ichthos 33: 5. Whitfield, A.K. 1992d. Estuarine research. Ichthos 35: 10-11. Whitfield, A.K. 1993a. Fish biomass estimates from the littoral zone of an estuarine coastal lake. Estuaries 16: 280-289. Whitfield, A.K. 1993b. Preliminary evaluation of the impact of the proposed dam on the ecology of the Haga Haga River and estuary. In: Impact assessment: evaluation of proposed dam site on the Haga Haga River. Pollution Control Technologies, East London, Report No. 2/1993. Whitfield, A.K. 1993c. Why are there so few freshwater fish species in our estuaries? Ichthos 37: 23. Whitfield, A.K. 1994a. Abundance of larval and 0+ juvenile marine fishes in the lower reaches of three southern African estuaries with differing freshwater inputs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 105: 257-267. Whitfield, A.K. 1994b. Bigfin mudskipper found in Kariega estuary. Ichthos 43: 14-15. Whitfield, A.K. 1994c. Fish species diversity in southern African estuarine systems: an evolutionary perspective. Environmental Biology of Fishes 40: 37-48. Whitfield, A.K. 1994d. An estuary-association classification for the fishes of southern Africa. South African Journal of Science 90: 411-417. Whitfield, A.K. 1994e. A review of ichthyofaunal biodiversity in southern African estuarine systems. In: Biological diversity of African fresh- and brackish water fishes. Teugels, G.G., Guégan, J.F. & Albaret, J.J. (eds). Annales du Musée Royal de lAfrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique 275: 149-163. Whitfield, A.K. 1994f. Voracious little predators. Ichthos 41: 12. Whitfield, A.K. 1995a. Threatened fishes of the world: Syngnathus watermeyeri Smith, 1963 (Syngnathidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 43: 152. Whitfield, A.K. 1995b. Threatened fishes of the world: Hippocampus capensis Boulenger, 1900 (Syngnathidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 44: 362. Whitfield, A.K. 1995c. Mass mortalities of fish in South African estuaries. Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences 21: 29-34. Whitfield, A.K. 1996a. Fishes and the environmental status of South African estuaries. Fisheries Management and Ecology 3: 45-57. Whitfield, A.K. 1996b. Threatened fishes of the world: Clinus spatulatus Bennett, 1983 (Clinidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 46: 26. Whitfield, A.K. 1996c. A review of factors influencing fish utilization of South African estuaries. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 51: 115-137. Whitfield, A.K. 1996d. A review of estuarine ichthyology in South Africa over the past 50 years. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 51: 79-89. Whitfield, A.K. 1997. Fish conservation in South African estuaries. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 7: 1-11. Whitfield, A.K. 1998. Biology and ecology of fishes in southern African estuaries. Ichthyological Monographs of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 2: 223 pp. Whitfield, A.K. 1999. Ichthyofaunal assemblages in estuaries: A South African case study. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 9(2): 151-186. Whitfield, A.K. 2000. Available scientific information on individual South African estuarine systems. Water Research Commission Report No. 577/3/00: 217 pp. Whitfield, A.K. 2001a. Structure and functioning. In: Managing estuaries in South Africa. An introduction. pp. 10-19. Breen, C.M. & McKenzie, M. (eds). Institute of Natural Resources, Pietermaritzburg. Whitfield, A.K. 2001b. Estuaries and people. SA Waterbulletin 27(6): 12-13. Whitfield, A.K. 2002. The estuarine ecoregion. pp. 22-23. In: The Biodiversity of South Africa 2002. le Roux, J. (ed.). Struik Publishers, Cape Town. Whitfield, A.K. 2005a. Preliminary documentation and assessment of fish diversity in sub-Saharan African estuaries. African Journal of Marine Science 27(1): 307-324. Whitfield, A.K. 2005b. Fishes and freshwater in southern African estuaries – A review. Aquatic Living Resources 18: 275-289. Whitfield, A.K. 2005c. Langebaan – A new type of estuary? African Journal of Aquatic Science 30(2): 207-209. Whitfield, A.K., Adams, J.B., Bate, G.C., Bezuidenhout, K., Bornman, T.G., Cowley, P.D., Froneman, P.W., Gama, P.T., James, N.C., Mackenzie, B., Riddin, T., Snow, G.C., Strydom, N.A., Taljaard, S., Terörde, A.I., Theron, A.K., Turpie, J.K., van Niekerk, L., Vorwerk, P.D. & Wooldridge, T.H. submitted. 2008. A multidisciplinary study of a small, temporarily open/closed South African estuary, with particular emphasis on the influence of mouth state on the ecology of the system. African Journal of Marine Science 30(3), 453-473. Whitfield, A.K., Allanson, B.R. & Heinecken, T.J.E. 1983. Report No. 22: Swartvlei (CMS 11). In: Estuaries of the Cape. Part 2. Synopses of available information on individual systems. Heydorn, A.E.F. & Grindley, J.R. (eds). CSIR Research Report 421: 62 pp. Whitfield, A.K. & Bate, G.C. (eds) 2007. A review of information on temporarily open/closed estuaries in the warm and cool temperate biogeographic regions of South Africa, with particular emphasis on the influence of river flow on these systems. WRC Report No. 1581/1/07, 214 pp. Whitfield, A.K., Beckley, L.E., Bennett, B., Branch, G.M., Kok, H.M., Potter, I.C. & van der Elst, R.P. 1989. Composition, species richness and similarity of ichthyofaunas in eelgrass Zostera capensis beds of southern Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 8: 251 259. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1976. The effects of temperature and salinity on Tilapia rendalli Boulenger 1896. Journal of Fish Biology 9: 99-104. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1978a. Resource segregation among iliophagus fish in Lake St Lucia, Zululand. Environmental Biology of Fishes 3: 293 296. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1978b. Food and feeding ecology of piscivorous fishes at Lake St Lucia, Zululand. Journal of Fish Biology 13: 675 691. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1978c. Distribution, movements and fecundity of Mugilidae at Lake St Lucia. Lammergeyer 26: 53 63. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1978d. Scale-eating habits of the marine teleost Terapon jarbua (Forskål). Journal of Fish Biology 12: 61-70. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1978e. Feeding ecology of piscivorous birds at Lake St Lucia. Part 1: Diving birds. Ostrich 49: 185 198. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1979a. Feeding ecology of piscivorous birds at Lake St Lucia. Part 2: Wading birds. Ostrich 50: 1 9. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1979b. Feeding ecology of piscivorous birds at Lake St Lucia. Part 3: Swimming birds. Ostrich 50: 10 20. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1979c. Predation on striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) by Crocodylus niloticus at St Lucia, South Africa. Copeia 1979: 266 269. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1979d. The distribution of the freshwater cichlid Sarotherodon mossambicus in estuarine systems. Environmental Biology of Fishes 4: 77 81. Whitfield, A.K. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1980. The diet of Atilax paludinosus (water mongoose) at St Lucia, South Africa. Mammalia 44: 315 318. Whitfield, A.K., Blaber, S.J.M. & Cyrus, D.P. 1981. Salinity ranges of some southern African fish species occurring in estuaries. South African Journal of Zoology 16: 151 155. Whitfield, A.K. & Bok, A.H. 1998. Estuarine fishes. In: Field Guide to the Eastern and Southern Cape Coasts. Lubke, R.A. & de Moor, I.J. (Eds). pp. 205-215. University of Cape Town Press, Cape Town. Whitfield, A.K. & Bruton, M.N. 1989. Some biological implications of reduced fresh water inflow into eastern Cape estuaries: a preliminary assessment. South African Journal of Science 85: 691 695. Whitfield, A.K. & Bruton, M.N. 1996. Extinction of the river pipefish Syngnathus watermeyeri in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 92: 59-60. Whitfield, A.K. & Cyrus, D.P. 1978. Feeding succession and zonation of aquatic birds at False Bay, Lake St Lucia. Ostrich 49: 8 15. Whitfield, A.K. & Elliott, M. 2002. Fishes as indicators of environmental and ecological changes within estuaries: a review of progress and some suggestions for the future. Journal of Fish Biology 61 (Supplement A), 229-250. |