Estuarine bibliography
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| de Wet, P.S. & Marais, J.F.K. 1990. Stomach content analysis of juvenile Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi in the Swartkops estuary, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 9: 127-133.
Demetriades, N.T. 1990. Some aspects of the population dynamics of the commercially important Natal penaeid prawns. MSc thesis, University of Natal, Durban. Dent, M. & Breen, C.M. 2001. Becoming involved in estuary management. In: Managing estuaries in South Africa. An introduction. pp. 32-39. Breen, C.M. & McKenzie, M. (eds). Institute of Natural Resources, Pietermaritzburg. Department of Constitutional Development & Planning. 1983. Knysna-Wilderness-Plettenberg Bay Guide Plan. Government Printer, Pretoria: 99 pp. Department of Planning. 1970. Riviermonde, strandmere en vleie. Vol. 4. Knysna-Wilderness meerkompleks. Department of Planning, Pretoria: 97 pp. Department of Planning. 1971. Investigation into the utilization of river mouths, lagoons and vleis in the Republic of South Africa. Department of Planning, Pretoria. Department of Water Affairs. 1978. St Lucia Lake: cross sections. Hydrographic Survey, Division of Planning Services Report. Department of Water Affairs. 1984. St Lucia Lake: cross sections. Hydrographic Survey, Division of Planning Services Report. Department of Water Affairs. 1985. St Lucia Lake: capacity determination. Directorate Survey Services, Department of Water Affairs, Report No. SW300/09/H002. Department of Water Affairs & Forestry. 1994a. Plettenberg Bay coastal catchment study. Department of Water Affairs & Forestry, Pretoria. Department of Water Affairs & Forestry. 1994b. Algoa reconnaissance flow assessment work session. Department of Water Affairs & Forestry, Pretoria. Dinkele, B. 1977. Problems at St Lucia. Stywe lyne/Tight Lines 18(3): 31. Donnelly, F.A. 1981. The schistosomiasis transmission potential of brackish waters. MSc thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Donnelly, F.A., Appleton, C.C., Begg, G. & Schutte, C. 1984. Bilharzia transmission in Natals estuaries and lagoons: fact or fiction? South African Journal of Science 80: 455 460. Draper, J.R. 1965. St Lucia - barren wilderness or nature reserve? Animals 7(10): 271-272. Drennan, P.M. 1986. Aspects of salt excretion in some species of Avicennia. PhD thesis, University of Natal, Durban. Driver, A., Maze, K., Rouget, M., Lombard, A., Nel, J., Turpie, J., Cowling, R., Desmet, P., Goodman, P., Harris, J., Jonas, Z., Reyers, B., Sink, K., Strauss, T. 2005. National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment 2004: priorities for biodiversity conservation in South Africa. Strelitzia 17. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. 45 pp. Dundas, A. 1994. Comparative analysis of fish abundance and diversity in three semi-enclosed estuaries in the Eastern Cape. MSc thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth. du Preez, H.H. 1987. Laboratory studies on the oxygen consumption of the marine teleost, Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 88A: 523-532. du Preez, H.H. & Cockroft, A.C. 1988a. Nonfaecal and faecal losses of Pomadasys commersonni (Teleostei: Pomadasyidae) feeding on the surf clam, Donax serra. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 90A (1): 63 70. du Preez, H.H. & Cockroft, A.C. 1988b. Nonfaecal and faecal losses of the marine teleost, Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758), feeding on live southern mullet, Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 90A (1): 71 77. du Preez, H.H., McLachlan, A. & Marais, J.F.K. 1986a. Oxygen consumption of a shallow water teleost, the spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonni (Lacepede, 1802). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 84A: 61 70. du Preez, H.H., Strydom, W. & Winter, P.E.D. 1986b. Oxygen consumption of two marine teleosts, Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Lithognathus lithognathus (Cuvier, 1830)(Teleostei: Sparidae). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 85A: 313-331. Dutton, T.P. 1964. St Lucia: gem of the north coast. Lantern March Issue: 11-19. Dutton, P. 2004. St Lucia (rising). African Wildlife 58(2): 17. Duvenage, I.R. 1983. Getyrivieroppervlaktes van sommige getyriviere aan die Kaapse kus. National Research Institute for Oceanology, Stellenbosch, internal report: 6 pp. + 167 figs. Duvenage, I.R. & Morant, P.D. 1984. Report No. 31: Keurbooms/Bitou system (CMS 19) Piesang (CMS 18). In: Estuaries of the Cape. Part 2. Synopses of available information on individual systems. Heydorn, A.E.F. & Grindley, J.R. (eds). CSIR Research Report No. 430: 64 pp. Dye, A.H. 1977. An ecophysiological study of the benthic meiofauna of the Swartkops estuary. MSc thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth. Dye, A.H. 1978a. An ecophysiological study of the meiofauna of the Swartkops estuary. 1. The sampling sites: Physical and chemical features. Zoologica Africana 13: 1 18. Dye, A.H. 1978b. Epibenthic algal production in the Swartkops estuary. Zoologica Africana 13: 157 158. Dye, A.H. 1978c. Seasonal fluctuations in the vertical distribution of meiofauna in the Swartkops estuary. Zoologica Africana 13: 207 212. Dye, A.H. 1979. Aspects of the ecology of the meiofauna in Mngazana estuary, Transkei. South African Journal of Zoology 14: 67 73. Dye, A.H. 1983a. Oxygen consumption by sediments in a southern African mangrove swamp. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 17: 473 478. Dye, A.H. 1983b. Composition and seasonal fluctuations of meiofauna in a southern African mangrove estuary. Marine Biology 73: 165 170. Dye, A.H. 1983c. Vertical and horizontal distribution of meiofauna in mangrove sediments in Transkei, southern Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 16: 591 598. Dye, A.H., Erasmus, T. & Furstenburg, J.P. 1978. An ecophysiological study of the benthic meiofauna of the Swartkops estuary. 3. Partition of benthic oxygen consumption and the relative importance of the meiofuana. Zoologica Africana 13: 187 200. Dye, A.H. & Furstenburg, J.P. 1978. An ecophysiological study of the meiofauna of the Swartkops estuary. 2. The meiofauna: Composition, distribution, seasonal fluctuation and biomass. Zoologica Africana 13: 19 32. Dye, A.H. & Furstenberg, J.P. 1981. Estuarine meiofauna. In: Estuarine ecology with particular reference to southern Africa. pp. 179 186. Day, J.H. (ed.). A.A. Balkema, Cape Town. Dye, A.H. & Lasiak, T.A. 1986. Assimilation efficiencies of fiddler crabs and deposit -feeding gastropods from tropical mangrove sediments. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 87A: 341-344. Eagle, G.A. & Bartlett, P.D. 1984. Preliminary chemical studies in four Cape estuaries. CSIR Report T/SEA 8307: 46 pp. Edgcumbe, D.J. 1980. Some preliminary observations on the submerged aquatic Zostera capensis Setchell. Journal of South African Botany 46: 53 66. Edwards, K.Z. 1969. The Swartkops survey. Eastern Cape Naturalist 37: 14-16. Edwards, R. & Moll, E.J. 1972. The Beachwood mangroves and their present status and a plan for their conservation. Wildlife Society of South Africa, Natal Field Work Section Project Report 21: 1-12. Ellender, B.R., Weyl, O.L.F., Shanyengange, M.K. & Cowley, P.D. 2008. Juvenile population dynamics of Oreochromis mossambicus in an intermittently open estuary at the limit of its natural distribution. African Zoology 43(2), 277-283. Elliott, M., Whitfield, A.K., Potter, I.C., Blaber, S.J.M., Cyrus, D.P., Nordlie, F.G. & Harrison, T.D. 2007. The guild approach to categorizing estuarine fish assemblages in estuaries: a global review. Fish and Fisheries 8, 241-268. Els, S.F. 1982. Distribution and abundance of two crab species on the Swartkops estuary saltmarshes and the energetics of the Sesarma catenata population. MSc thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth. EMATEK. 1990. Great Brak River environmental study with reference to a management plan for the Wolwedans Dam. CSIR Report EMA-C9036. EMATEK. 1992. Great Brak estuary management programme. Report on the monitoring results for the period April 1990 to March 1992. Department of Water Affairs & Forestry, Pretoria. Emmerson, W.D. 1983. Tidal exchange of two decapod larvae Palaemon pacificus (Caridea) and Upogebia africana (Thalassinidae) between the Swartkops River estuary and adjacent coastal waters. South African Journal of Zoology 18: 326 330. Emmerson, W.D. 1985a. The nutrient status of the Swartkops River estuary, eastern Cape. Water SA 11: 189 198. Emmerson, W.D. 1985b. Fecundity, laboratory rearing and larval growth of Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson)(Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana 49: 277 289. Emmerson, W.D. 1985c. Seasonal abundance, growth and production of Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson) in eastern Cape tidal pools. South African Journal of Zoology 20: 221 231. Emmerson, W.D. 1986. The ecology of Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson) associated with Zostera capensis Setchell. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 46: 79 97. Emmerson, W.D. 1987. Tidal migration and feeding of the shrimp Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson). South African Journal of Science 83: 413 416. Emmerson, W.D. 1988. Estuaries in the Transkei: their past, present and future. South African National Scientific Programmes Report No. 155: 19 27. Emmerson, W.D. 1989. The nutrient status of the Sundays River estuary, South Africa. Water Research 23: 1059-1067. Emmerson, W.D. 1990. The effect of temperature and season on the aerial oxygen consumption of Urca urvillei (H. Milne Edwards)(Decapoda: Ocypodidae). Journal of Thermal Biology 15: 41-46. Emmerson, W.D. 1994. A note on three uncommon southern African grapsids, Helice leachi Hess, 1865, Sesarma (Sesarma) longipes Krauss, 1843 and Sesarma (Sesarma) smithi H. Milne Edwards. Crustaceana 67(3): 316-323. Emmerson, W.D. 2005. The nutrient status of Mngazana, a warm temperate mangrove estuary in the Transkei, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Wetlands Ecology and Management 13: 405-418. Emmerson, W.D. & Alexander, M.D. 1986. Shell utilization and morphometrics of the hermit crab Diogenes brevirostris Stimpson. Emmerson, W.D., Cannicci, S. & Porri, F. 1986. New records for Parasesarma leptosoma (Hilgendorf, 1869) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from mangroves in Mozambique and South Africa. African Zoology 38(2): 351-355. Emmerson, W.D. & Erasmus, T. 1987. The nutrient status of the Kromme River estuary, South Africa. Hydrobiologia 148: 87-96. Emmerson, W.D. & McGwynne, L.E. 1992. Feeding and assimilation of mangrove leaves by the crab Sesarma meinerti de Man in relation to leaf-litter production in Mngazana, a warm-temperate southern African mangrove swamp. Journal of Experimental Biology and Ecology 157: 41-53. Emmerson, W.D. & Ndenze, T.T. 2007. Mangrove tree specificity and conservation implications of the arboreal crab Parasesarma leptosoma at Mngazana, a mangrove estuary in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Wetlands Ecology and Management 15: 13-25. Emmerson, W.D., Watling, H.R. & Watling, R.J. 1982. Community analyses in the Kromme and Swartkops estuaries and in the Algoa Bay region. University of Port Elizabeth, Zoology Department Report No. 16: 1 128. Environmental Advisory Services. 1990a. Nhlabane wetland study. EAS Investigational Report No. 34: 28 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1990b. Victoria embankment waterfront project: environmental investigations. EAS Investigational Report No. 35: 67 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1990c. Preliminary EIA of N2 crossing of Mhlungwa lagoon. EAS Investigational Report No. 38: 57 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1991a. Environmental evaluation of Hyde Park (Blythedale Beach). Investigational Report No. 45: 25 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1991b. Preliminary environmental evaluation of the Mzamba-Mtentu region. Investigational Report No. 48: 17 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1992a. Red data book species of the Hawaan forest and its immediate surrounds. Investigational Report No. 53: 13 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1992b. The effects of an increased discharge of treated sewage effluent into the Little Manzimtoti lagoon. Investigational Report No. 57: 20 pp. Environmental Advisory Services. 1993. Initial assessment of the potential EIA of constructing berths 605 and 606 at the port of Richards Bay. Investigational Report No. 63: 54 pp. Esterhuysen, K. 1982. The Seekoei estuary: example of disrupted sedimentary ecology. University of Port Elizabeth, Rosie Report No. 5: 92 pp. Esterhuysen, K. 1983. Sedimentary ecology of Seekoei estuary. The Naturalist 27(2): 6 11. Esterhuysen, K. & Reddering, J.S.V.1985. Sedimentation in the Nahoon estuary. University of Port Elizabeth, ROSIE Report No. 10: 1 98. Esterhuysen, K. & Rust, I.C. 1987. Channel migration in the lower Swartkops estuary. South African Journal of Science 83: 521 525. Every, B. 1970. The birds of the Coega river mouth. Eastern Cape Naturalist No. 40: 22 23. Every, B. 1973. Wintering waders on the Swartkops River. Bee-eater 24(3): 7. Fairall, N. 1981. A study of the bioenergetics of the red knobbed coot Fulica cristata on a South African estuarine lake. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 11: 1 4. Farrant, J.M. 1986. Some studies on the recalcitrant behaviour of propagules of Avicennia marina. MSc thesis, University of Natal, Durban. Farrant, J.M., Berjak, P. & Pammenter, N.W. 1987. Ecological significance of three-phase production of roots during germination and establishment of the recalcitrant propagules of Avicennia marina. South African Journal of Science 83: 236-237. Fearnhead, E.A. & Fabian, B.C. 1971. The ultrastructure of the gill of Monodactylus argenteus (a euryhaline teleost fish) with particular reference to morphological changes associated with changes in salinity. Oceanographic Research Institute Investigational Report No. 26: 1-39. Feely, J.M. 1962. Observations on the breeding of the white pelican, Pelecanus onocrotalus, at Lake St Lucia, Zululand, during 1957 and 1958. Lammergeyer 2: 10 20. Fielding, P.J., Damstra, K.St.J. & Branch, G.M. 1988. Benthic diatom biomass, production and sediment chlorophyll in Langebaan lagoon, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 27: 413 426. Fielding, P.J., Forbes, A.T. & Demetriades, N.T. 1991. Chlorophyll concentrations and suspended particulate loads in St Lucia, a turbid estuary on the east coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 11: 491-498. Fielding, P.J., Forbes, A.T., Mander, J., Taylor, R.H. & Demetriades, N.T. 1990. Prawns, salinities and lake levels in St Lucia, northern Natal. South African Journal of Science 86: 252-255. Fijen, A.P.M. 1995a. Wilderness lakes catchment, Touw and Duiwe rivers, water management strategy. Volume 2: water resources. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 57 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. 1995b. Wilderness lakes catchment, Touw and Duiwe rivers, water management strategy. Volume 3: water quality. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 52 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. 1995c. Swartvlei Lake catchment, Diep, Klein-Wolwe, Hoëkraal and Karatara rivers, water management strategy. Volume 2: water resources. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 47 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. 1995d. Swartvlei Lake catchment, Diep, Klein-Wolwe, Hoëkraal and Karatara rivers, water management strategy. Volume 3: water quality. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 51 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. & Kapp, J.F. 1995a. Wilderness, Swartvlei and Groenvlei lakes catchment, water management strategy. Introduction and orientation. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 16 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. & Kapp, J.F. 1995b. Wilderness lakes catchment, Touw and Duiwe rivers, water management strategy. Volume 1: present situation. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 116 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. & Kapp, J.F. 1995c. Swartvlei Lake catchment, Diep, Klein-Wolwe, Hoëkraal and Karatara rivers, water management strategy. Volume 1: present situation. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 115 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. & Kapp, J.F. 1995d. Wilderness, Swartvlei and Groenvlei lakes catchment, water management strategy. Proposed water management strategy, objectives and goals. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria: 40 pp. Fijen, A.P.M. & van Zyl, F. 1995a. Wilderness lakes catchment, Touw and Duiwe rivers, water management strategy. Data report. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria. Fijen, A.P.M. & van Zyl, F. 1995b. Swartvlei Lake catchment, Diep, Klein-Wolwe, Hoëkraal and Karatara rivers, water management strategy. Data report. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria. Forbes, A.T. 1973. An unusual abbreviated larval life in the estuarine burrowing prawn Callianassa kraussi (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea) Marine Biology 22: 361 365. Forbes, A.T. 1974. Osmotic and ionic regulation in Callianassa kraussi Stebbing (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 16:301 311. Forbes, A.T. 1977. Breeding and growth of the burrowing prawn Callianassa kraussi Stebbing (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea). Zoologica Africana 12: 149 161. Forbes, A.T. 1978. Maintenance of the non breeding population of the estuarine prawn Callianassa kraussi (Crustacea: Anomura: Thalassinidea) Zoologica Africana 13: 33 40. Forbes, A.T. 1979. Distribution and status of the burrowing sandprawn in the Kosi lakes system. Lammergeyer 27: 41 45. Forbes, A.T. 1989. Mysid shrimps (Crustacea: Mysidacea) in the St Lucia Narrows before and after Cyclone Demoina. Lammergeyer 40: 21-29. Forbes, A.T. & Allanson, B.R. 1970. Ecology of the Sundays estuary. 1. Water chemistry. Hydrobiologia 36: 479-488. Forbes, A.T. 1982. Recruitment of post-larval penaeid prawns to the St Lucia system. In: Marine Research in Natal. Bowmaker, A.P., van der Zee, D. & Ridder, J.H. (eds). South African National Scientific Programmes Report No. 139: 87. Forbes, A.T. & Benfield, M.C. 1985. Aspects of the penaeid prawn fisheries in Natal. South African Journal of Science 81: 430 431. Forbes, A.T. & Benfield, M.C. 1986a. Penaeid prawns in the St Lucia Lake system: post larval recruitment and the bait fishery. South African Journal of Zoology 21: 224 228. Forbes, A.T. & Benfield, M.C. 1986b. Tidal behaviour of post larval penaeid prawns (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae) in a southeast African estuary. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 102: 23 34. Forbes, A.T., Breen, C.M., Goodman, P.S. & Taylor, R.H. 1987. The Lake St Lucia research programme. Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, St Lucia Research Series No. 1: 1-33. Forbes, A.T. & Cyrus, D.P. 1991. Recruitment and origin of penaeid prawn postlarvae in two south-east African estuaries. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 33: 281-289. Forbes, A.T. & Cyrus, D.P. 1992. Impact of a major cyclone on a southeast African estuarine lake system. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 30: 265-272. Forbes, A.T. & Cyrus, D.P. 1993. Biological effects of salinity gradient reversals in a southeast African estuarine lake. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology 27: 265-272. Forbes, A.T., Demetriades, N.T., Benzie, J.A.H. & Ballment, E. 1999. Allozyme frequencies indicate little geographic variation stocks of giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon in the south-west Indian Ocean. South African Journal of Marine Science 21: 271-277. Forbes, A.T., Demetriades, N.T. & Cyrus, D.P. 1996. Biological significance of harbours as coastal environments in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 6:331-341. Forbes, A.T. & Hay, D.G. 1988. Effects of a major cyclone on the abundance and larval recruitment of the portunid crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) in the St Lucia Estuary, Natal, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 7: 219 225. Forbes, A.T. & Hill, B.J. 1969. The physiological ability of a marine crab Hymenosoma orbiculare Desm., to live in a subtropical freshwater lake. Transactions of the Royal Society of Southern Africa 38: 271-283. Forbes, A.T., Niedinger, S. & Demetriades, N. 1994. Recruitment and utilisation of nursery grounds by penaeid prawn postlarvae in Natal, South Africa. In: Changes in fluxes in estuaries: implications from science to management. Dyer, K.R. & Orth, R.J. (eds). pp. 379-384. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg, Denmark. Forrest, G.W. 1969a. Some bird notes from St Lucia. Lammergeyer 3: 89 91. Forrest, G.W. 1969b. The dying lake. Natal Wildlife 10(4): 16-19. Fowles, B.K. & Archibald, C.G. 1987. Zooplankton and estuarine (benthic) fauna in Lake Mzingazi, a freshwater coastal lake of Natal. Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa. 13: 66-74. Fromme, G.A.W. 1985a. The dynamics of the mouth channel at Verlorenvlei (Western Cape). CSIR Report T/SEA 8516. Fromme, G.A.W. 1985b. The dynamics of Hout Bay estuary and beach. CSIR Research Report T/SEA 8508. Fromme, G.A.W. 1985c. The hydrology of the Bot River estuary. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 45: 305 316. Fromme, G.A.W. 1985d. The dynamics of the Piesang estuary. CSIR Report T/SEA 8517. Fromme, G.A.W. 1985e. The dynamics of the Keurbooms Bitou estuary. CSIR Report T/SEA 8511. Fromme, G.A.W. 1986a. Botriviervlei-Kleinmond surveys. CSIR Research Report T/SEA 8604. Fromme, G.A.W. 1986b. Dynamics of the Boknes, Boesmans, Kariega and Kasuka estuaries. CSIR Report T/SEA 8616. Fromme, G.A.W. 1988. Dynamics of the Swartkops estuary. CSIR Report EMA/T 8804. Fromme, G.A.W. 1989. The dynamics of the Duiwenhoks and Kafferkuils estuaries. CSIR Report EMA/T 8901. Fromme, G.A.W. & Badenhorst, P. 1987. The dynamics of the estuaries in St Francis Bay (Kromme, Seekoei and Kabeljous). CSIR Report T/SEA 8707: 39 pp. Froneman, P.W. 2000. Preliminary study of the food web structure of two contrasting estuaries along the Eastern Cape coast. African Journal of Aquatic Science 25: 13-22. Froneman, P.W. 2001a. Seasonal changes in zooplankton biomass and grazing in a temperate estuary, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 52: 543-553. Froneman, P.W. 2001b. Feeding ecology of the mysid, Mesopodopsis wooldridgei, in temperate estuary along the eastern seaboard of South Africa. Journal of Plankton Research 23: 999-1008. Froneman, P.W. 2001c. Stable isotope (δ13C) composition of the food web of the temperate Kariega estuary (Eastern Cape). African Journal of Aquatic Science 26(1): 49-56. Froneman, P.W. 2002a. Food web structure in three contrasting estuaries using stable carbon isotope (δ13C) analysis. African Journal of Aquatic Science 27(2): 107-115. Froneman, P.W. 2002b. Seasonal changes in selected physico-chemical and biological variables in the temporarily open/closed Kasouga estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science 27(2): 117-123. Froneman, P.W. 2004a. Food web dynamics in a temperate temporarily open/closed estuary (South Africa). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 59: 87-95. Froneman, P.W. 2004b. Zooplankton community structure and biomass in a southern African temporarily open/closed estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 60: 125-132. Froneman, P.W. 2006. Population demographics of Palaemon perengueyi (Macpherson 1990) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in a small intermittently open Eastern Cape estuary. African Journal of Aquatic Science 31(2): 197-203. Froneman, P.W. & McQuaid, C.D. 1997. Preliminary investigation of the ecological role of microzooplankton in the Kariega Estuary, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 45: 689-695. Froneman, P.W. & Vorwerk, P. 2003. Predation impacts of juvenile Gilchristella aestuaria (Clupeidae) and Atherina breviceps (Atherinidae) on the zooplankton in the temperate Kariega estuary, South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science 28(1): 35-41. Gaigher, C.M. 1984. The effects of bridge building on the bloodworm population in the Uilkraal River estuary. The Naturalist 28(1): 16 18. Gaigher, C.M. 1985. Wetlands. Cape Department of Nature and Environmental Conservation, Cape Conservation Series 6: 24 pp. Gaigher, I.G. & Thorne, S.C. 1979. The relative densities and length compositions of fish in the Sandvlei estuarine lake, Muizenberg, Western Cape. Cape Department of Nature & Environmental Conservation Report: 1-27. Gaillard, T.R.M.G. & Huizinga, P. 1988. Hydrodynamic model study of the Kariega and Great Fish estuaries. CSIR Report EMA/T 8801: 1 46. Gama, P.T., Adams, J.B., Schael, D.M. & Skinner, T. 2005. Phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration and community structure of two temporarily open/closed estuaries. WRC Report No. 1255/1/05: 91 pp. Garden, S.E. & Garland, G.G. 2005. Spit development in the Mdloti River estuary, KwaZulu-Natal. South African Journal of Geology 108(2): 257-270. Gardner, B.D., Connell, A.D., Eagle, G.A., Moldan, A.G. & Watling, R.J. 1985. South African marine pollution survey report 1979-1982. S.A. National Scientific Programmes Report No. 115: 81 pp. Gardner, B.D., Eagle, G.A., Oliff, W.D., Connell, A.D., Moldan, A.G.S., Watling, R.J. & Orren, M.J. 1983. South African marine pollution survey report 1976-1979. South African National Scientific Programmes Report No. 73. Garland, G., Moleko, L. 2000. Geomorphological impacts of Inanda Dam on the Mgeni Estuary, north of Durban, South Africa. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and Environment 59(2): 119-26. Garland, I. 1944. 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