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3.7.4 Environmental Consequences of No Action
Implementation of the No-Action Alternative would avoid potential disturbance of cultural artifacts caused during proposed project construction activities.
3.8 Traffic Circulation
3.8.1 Affected Environment
The project area is served by State Highway 45, the local road at the top of the levee, and several small two-lane country roads. The Action Area is 5-10 miles east of Interstate 5, and virtually all traffic on Highway 45 is local because there are few connections between Highway 45 and Interstate 5. Traffic load levels on these roads are low, typical of roads in isolated rural areas; peak hourly traffic in 2002 was 70 vehicles/hour.
3.8.2 Environmental Consequences of Proposed Action
New traffic generated during construction is primarily associated with trucks hauling fill for the Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen and Canal, aggregate base and concrete cement, and construction workers driving to the work site. No impacts to local traffic that would disrupt normal traffic patterns in the area are anticipated during construction because:


  • The project is located in a rural agricultural area with light traffic;

  • Construction of the proposed project would result on only a maximum of 60 truck trips per day; this would represent an increase of about 8 vehicles per day on a road which carries only 70 vehicles per hour at peak conditions;

  • Roadway safety problems would be minimal. The roadways in the area have narrow shoulders, but they are adequate for automobiles and trucks. Existing traffic is light, and the project would not generate substantial new vehicle trips to make a difference in LOS conditions;

  • Existing accesses would be used to accommodate expected traffic;

  • The parking and staging area at the project site could adequately accommodate parking during the construction period (CH2M HILL 2004). The project would not create a parking demand in the project vicinity; and

  • The project area is not served by a transit system, and there is not sufficient demand to justify transit service to the area.

Upon project completion, no new trips would be created - existing personnel would operate the various project elements, using maintenance roads.


3.8.3 Environmental Consequences of No Action
Implementation of the No-Action Alternative would avoid the potential short-term increase in truck and construction-related traffic of the proposed project.
3.9 Recreation
3.9.1 Affected Environment
The Sacramento River in the 4-mile project reach is used by recreational boaters for cruising and water-skiing, and by recreational fishermen. Recreational access to the site is primarily via boat and observations of recreational uses of the Sacramento River in the vicinity of the proposed project indicated that typical boating use ranged from 0 to 5 boats per day, with the majority of boating use by recreational anglers fishing for striped bass, sturgeon, and Chinook salmon. The nearest public park is the Sacramento River State Recreation Area, located in Colusa, approximately 21 miles from the project site. Plans are currently being developed to construct a boat ramp and river access at the Tisdale Weir 3-4 miles upstream of Boyers Bend, however this project has not yet been finalized or approved.
3.9.2 Environmental Consequences of Proposed Action
Construction will affect recreational boating in two ways. First, boating in the immediate vicinity of construction will be restricted to avoid conflicts between recreational boaters and construction barges and other equipment. These restrictions will be necessary to prevent small boats from entering the construction area and being injured as a result of collisions with construction equipment. The restrictions will occur during cofferdam construction and removal. In addition, there may be short-term restrictions on boating during decommissioning of the existing facilities at Boyers Bend, Howells Landing, and Tyndall Mound. This short-term restriction in area available to boaters will affect a few boats per day for a period of up to 60 – 80 days during the 24-month construction period. The area where these restrictions will occur represents less than 0.1 percent of the total recreational area available to Sacramento River boaters. Second, construction will pose a temporary navigation hazard, which will be addressed through the measures described in Section 2.
Following construction and decommissioning of existing facilities, the net effect of the Proposed Project will be to eliminate three in-channel diversion structures which currently affect boating and replace them with a single facility fitted with a single boom-type debris barrier that will not extend as far into the river as the two facilities at Howells Landing and Tyndall Mound. These long-term changes will reduce navigation hazards in the river.
Since the proposed project would not contribute to an increase in population density in the area, it would not result in an increased demand for neighborhood or regional parks or other recreational facilities.
The proposed project would also not impact recreational fishing in the Sacramento River. Although the proposed structure would obstruct approximately 25 feet of the river width, it would not preclude recreational boating in this section of the Sacramento River.
Boat speeds in the immediate vicinity of the project would be restricted to a five-mile-per-hour zone to reduce wave-induced erosion and wave activity adversely impacting construction and/or long-term operational and maintenance of the Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen. The five-mile-per-hour speed zone in the immediate vicinity of the proposed project would affect recreational water-skiing in the immediate project vicinity. Elimination of the diversions at the three existing sites will correspondingly enhance recreational water-skiing opportunities. Since the area of restricted speeds would be limited to the immediate project vicinity, this impact would not affect general traffic patterns or recreational use in the river.
3.9.3 Environmental Consequences of No Action
Implementation of the No-Action Alternative would avoid the impact to recreational water-skiing in the immediate vicinity of the project.
3. 10 Visual Resources
3.10.1 Affected Environment
The proposed Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen would be located on the riverside of the existing levee. The visual landscape in the vicinity of the project site is composed primarily of agricultural row crops and rice fields. With the exception of the levees, the land is flat. The Sacramento River is visible from the top of the levee. Motorists traveling along Highway 45 will not be able to see the plant from the highway and only local traffic utilizes the levee road. Views of the project site from the river and opposite bank currently include the existing unvegetated riprapped channel. Views to the east take in agricultural land and the foothills. The Sutter Buttes, located in Sutter County, northeast of the site, can be viewed along State Highway 45 and from the levee road (depending on air quality).
At present, the three existing diversions at Boyers bend, Howells Landing, and Tyndall Mound are visible from the levee road and from the river.
3.10.2 Environmental Consequences of Proposed Action
After construction, the Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen would not be visible from the local residences, which are on the land side of the levee. The proposed project would not affect the visual quality of the site except from the river itself and from the opposite bank of the river. From these perspectives, the 100-foot long concrete screening facility would be visible, replacing the current view of riprapped levees. Following decommissioning, the view of the river would not include the three existing diversion structures. Except for a short section of canal along Highway 45, the new and reconstructed canal sections would not be visible from Highway 45 or the levee road. They would be visible from several residences, but both of these have vegetative screening between them and the levee where the canal would be constructed.
These impacts would not constitute a qualitative change in the current visual quality of the area because:


  • The existing site is highly disturbed. The change in visual character as a result of the proposed project would be changes in the size of facilities, not in the essential character of the site.




  • The interior levee slopes of the Sacramento River present a view of a riprapped channel, highly modified from its natural condition. The proposed project would not therefore affect a viewshed with natural aesthetic characteristics.




  • The project would not conflict with known protection requirements or design criteria of Federal, state and local agencies.




  • The proposed fish screen would be similar in appearance to the existing fish screen located at the RD 108 Wilkins Slough pumping plant sited approximately 3.0 miles upstream. The new fish screen would extend to elevation 51.6 with an additional 42 inches of concrete guardrail extending above the deck. When the river is at its lowest approximately 25 vertical feet of the structure would extend above the water line and be visible from the river. This higher concrete barrier would partially block views from the river. It would, however, present a high concrete face to boaters and fishermen that pass by. Based on recent observations near the site, the number of recreationists/fishermen (boats) passing the site typically ranged from 0 to 5 per day, with the greatest activity occurring by recreational fishermen during the spring, summer, and fall months.




  • The project would not require the use of lights; therefore it would not increase light and glare in the project vicinity.




  • The fish screen structure would result in shadows in the immediate area within the Sacramento River; however these shadows would be limited to the immediate vicinity of the fish screen and would be similar to shading caused by other structures located along the leveed banks of the river in the area.




  • Removal of existing diversion structures in the river would enhance the "naturalness" if the views at Boyers Bend, Howells Landing, and Tyndall Mound, somewhat offsetting the change in view caused by the Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen.




  • Canal levees are a routine feature of the project area, part of the agricultural environment. The new canal structure would not be particularly visible, and if visible, would be consistent with the existing visual character of the area.

In short, the proposed action would adversely and positively affect visual quality viewed by recreational boaters and those on the bank opposite from the screen, but they would not alter the essential, already highly disturbed, visual character of the riprapped channel levees that would continue to exist under the No-Action Alternative.




3.10.3 Environmental Consequences of No Action
The existing Tisdale Pumping Plant and intake forebay (Figures 2 and 4) have impacts on the visual quality and aesthetics of the project site, but the No-Action Alternative would avoid increases to these impacts associated with the proposed positive barrier fish screen project.
3.11 Socio-Economics
3.11.1 Affected Environment
Land use in the project area is predominantly agriculture. The area is characterized as rural. Orchards, row crops, and rice fields dominate the landscape. Four residences are located in the general vicinity of the proposed project. There are no Indian Trust Assets within the Action Area or the area of project effects. Environmental Justice - Executive Order 12898 requires each Federal agency to achieve environmental justice as part of its mission, by identifying and addressing disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects, including social and economic effects of its programs, policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income populations of the United States.
The project is small in scale, will occur in an isolated environment, and would not require an increase in long-term employment for operation of the improved pumping facility. The project would not alter socioeconomic conditions of populations that reside or work in the region.
3.11.2 Environmental Consequences of Proposed Action
The proposed project would substitute a single pumping plant and fish screen for three existing diversions, and would maintain all existing delivery systems for water. This would meet the project objectives of insuring a reliable long-term water supply and would also contribute to the restoration of anadromous and resident fish resources within the Sacramento River. By providing for screened water diversion RD108 would be able to meet their irrigation commitments throughout the year without any regulatory or other restrictions. Existing agricultural operations and practices would continue. In short, the proposed project protects fish, but will have no other effect on the operation of RD108's system or the activities that depend on that operation. The proposed project does not, therefore, have long-term social or economic effects. There can thus be no disproportional effects on minority and low-income populations. In addition, short-term construction activity would draw workers from the local/regional work force, and there would be no long-term changes in the number or type of workers in the region.
The proposed project would not result in adverse human health or environmental effects that cannot be mitigated, and therefore would have no physical effect on minority or low-income populations.
There would be no impacts to Indian Trust Assets from the proposed project because no Indian Trust Assets have been identified at the project site.
Neither the project, its alternatives, nor the No Action Alternative have potential to cause changes in population, employment, or housing or to conflict with population, employment, housing policies or projections established by government agencies with jurisdiction over the project. Compared to the No Action Alternative, the proposed project would create a small number of construction jobs for the 24-month construction period.
3.11.3 Environmental Consequences of No Action
Implementation of the No-Action Alternative assumes no changes in diversions and no changes in water supply for agricultural operations. No socioeconomic impacts are therefore anticipated for the No Action Alternative. The No-Action Alternative would cause no changes in population, employment, or housing
3.12 Noise
3.12.1 Affected Environment
The Proposed Project would be located on the in a sparsely populated agricultural area. With the exception of the four residences in the area, there are no noise-sensitive land uses near the project site. The levee provides a sound barrier between these four house/farm areas and Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen construction site. There are several residences within 0.5 miles of the canal construction alignment. Existing noise conditions in the project vicinity are influenced by agricultural activities, traffic on Tisdale and Cranmore Roads, occasional aircraft flights, and natural sources such as birds and wind. Existing noise levels in rural locations such as the project vicinity are generally low, with 24-hour values in the range of 40 to 50 dBA Ldn. (Ldn is a 24-hour noise descriptor that adds a 10 dB penalty to nighttime noise to account for people’s increased sensitivity to nighttime noise).
3.12.2 Environmental Consequences of Proposed Action
Impacts from the proposed project will not change noise levels for nearby residents because:


  • The fish screen and its ancillary functions would not create a noise that

would be heard by residents living in the four houses located to the west of the levee; the levee on the east side of the river is not developed within 0.5 miles on either side of the Combined Pumping Plant.


  • The only noise associated with long-term operation of this project is that of electrical motors used to control the gates at the intake to the pumping plant and to operate the screen cleaning device and to operate lift station pumps and gates. The noise level would not violate any established law, regulation, or standard. The project is not expected to produce any noticeable vibrations.




  • Noise levels would not increase with implementation of the fish screen.




  • Short-term noise increases would occur with the onset of construction activities at the Combined Pumping Plant/Fish Screen, such as noise associated with truck traffic, pile driving, and grading activities. However, there are only a limited number of sensitive receptors in the area, the provision of a physical barrier (levee) separating the activities from the four residences, and construction contained to daytime hours, Monday through Friday.




  • Noise associated with canal construction would affect residents for only a short period of time (approximately 2 weeks) as canal construction will proceed at a rate of several hundred feet per day and will thus be within 500 feet of residences along the alignment for a limited time.


3.12.3 Environmental Consequences of No Action
Implementation of the No-Action Alternative would have no affect on ambient noise levels, as the operations of the Tisdale Pumping Plant would continue. No change in equipment or operating times would occur.
3.13 Hazardous Materials
3.13.1 Affected Environment
Hazardous materials which could be found in the vicinity of the project site would be those associated with agricultural activities, such as pesticide/herbicide sprays and petroleum products. The operation of the Proposed Project includes the use of oil and grease and paint. The affected environment in the vicinity of the project site includes the Sacramento River, agricultural land and four local rural residences.
There are no known hazardous materials in the soil on the levee that will be graded or along the canal alignment. Material testing will be conducted in accordance with requirements of the Regional Water Quality Control Board for any sediment disturbed in the Sacramento River as part of site preparation.

3.13.2 Environmental Consequences of Proposed Action
The proposed project incorporates impact reduction measures for hazardous materials handling at the sites, which will reduce the potential for environmental impacts associated with hazardous materials. There would be no hazardous materials removed from the site.
3.13.3 Environmental Consequences of No Action
Implementation of the No-Action Alternative would have similar effects as the proposed project.

4.0 Cumulative effects
4.1 Affected Environment
The proposed project is located in an agricultural area relatively isolated from the main transportation corridors of the Sacramento Valley. It is not currently proposed for development and is likely to remain in agriculture for the foreseeable future. There is no clear trend towards development.
The proposed project is located in an area that has become a focal point for environmental restoration and enhancement activities under CALFED and is 15-20 miles south of the 24,000-acre complex of Federal National Wildlife Refuges in the Colusa Basin. There is a clear trend towards environmental enhancement in the region.
Land use in the region is thus likely to remain a combination of agriculture and/or open-space wildlife area. The conversion of agricultural areas to wildlife habitat, particularly in flood bypasses such as the Sutter Bypass, is likely to occur as a result of both CALFED and private initiatives.
The proposed project is thus one of many intended to enhance conditions for fish and wildlife in the Sacramento Basin. A significant effort is underway on the Sacramento River Sacramento-San Francisco Bay Delta to protect and enhance habitat conditions and promote recovery of protected fish species. These restoration and enhancement efforts include, but are not limited to CALFED, CVPIA Anadromous Fish Restoration Program (AFRP), modifications to the operation of Shasta Reservoir to improve cold water management for winter-run Chinook salmon, modifications to reduce fish losses at the GCID water diversion and other diversions located within the river and delta, and a number of other state, federal, and local efforts. Its cumulative effects are evaluated within the context of the CALFED program for reducing diversion-related mortality for salmonids and other fish species throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin river systems.
The context for cumulative effects analysis of the project also included the CALFED-led program in the Sacramento River Basin to substantially enhance riparian habitats and riverine habitats in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River basins (as described in the Ecosystem Restoration Program (CALFED Bay Delta Program, MSCS, page 3-6). This program specifically contemplates "reconnecting Bay-Delta tributaries with their floodplains through construction of setback levees, the acquisition of flood easements, and the construction and management of flood bypasses for both habitat restoration and flood protection."
4.2 Cumulative Effects
4.2.1 Other Projects that have Occurred or are Reasonably Anticipated to Occur in the Action Area
The Proposed Project is one of many intended to enhance conditions for fish and wildlife in the Sacramento Basin. A significant effort is underway on the Sacramento River and Sacramento-San Francisco Bay-Delta to protect and enhance habitat conditions and promote recovery of protected fish species. These restoration and enhancement efforts include, but are not limited to CALFED, CVPIA Anadromous Fish Restoration Program (AFRP), AFSP, modifications to the operation of Shasta Reservoir to improve cold water management for winter-run Chinook salmon, modifications to reduce fish losses at the Glenn-Colusa Irrigation District water diversion and other diversions located within the river and delta, and a number of other State, Federal, and local efforts. Cumulative effects of these actions are evaluated within the context of the CALFED program for reducing diversion-related mortality for salmonids and other fish species throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin River systems. Specific projects with similar effects include the (completed) RD108 Wilkins Slough Fish Screen and the proposed Tisdale Bypass Positive Barrier Fish Screen. RD108 is unaware of other projects that involve a significant upgrade of canal facilities.
The context for cumulative effects analysis of the project also included the CALFED-led program in the Sacramento River Basin to substantially enhance riparian habitats and riverine habitats in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River basins (as described in the Ecosystem Restoration Program (ERP) (CALFED Bay Delta Program, MSCS, page 3-6). This program specifically contemplates "reconnecting Bay-Delta tributaries with their floodplains through construction of setback levees, the acquisition of flood easements, and the construction and management of flood bypasses for both habitat restoration and flood protection."
There is also a Sutter County plan to construct a small recreational boat ramp upstream from the Tisdale Weir (about 3 miles from the RD108 project area) and to replace the existing one-lane weir bridge with a 2-lane bridge for access to the boat ramp. It is anticipated that the boat ramp will replace a ramp approximately 12 miles to the north. These facilities would require routine construction activity, including grading for the concrete pad for the boat ramp and placement of concrete, and removal of the existing bridge, re-construction of bridge abutments, and construction of a new bridge. These activities may be conducted during or after construction of the Proposed Project. By themselves, it is likely that they will result in localized turbidity increases (boat ramp) and a permanent increase in auto traffic associated with long-term recreational use of the boat ramp. At the same time, auto traffic to the existing boat ramp that will be closed down will be reduced.
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