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WK 5




DE–7660

11

DISTANCE EDUCATION

M.Sc. (Botany Specialization – Plant Biotechnology) DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2009.

PLANT DIVERSITY

(2008 onwards)

Time : Three hours Maximum: 100 marks

Answer any FIVE questions.

Each question carries 20 marks.



  1. (a) Discuss the thallus organization in Chlorophyceae members. (7)

(b) Describe the vegetative reproduction in Cyanophyceae. (6)

(c) Explain the triphasic alternation of generation in Rhodophyceae. (7)



  1. (a) Give an outline of Alexopoulos and Mims classification of fungi. (8)

(b) Enumerate the general characters of Ascomycetes.
(6)

(c) Describe the asexual reproduction of Basidiomycetes. (6)



  1. (a) Describe the vegetative reproduction of lichens. (6)

(b) Brief the structural variation in the gametophytes of Marchantiales. (8)

(c) Describe any sporophyte of Bryales. (6)



  1. (a) Write briefly about the general characters of Sphenopsida. (6)

(b) Describe the embryo development in Pteropsida. (6)

(c) Write notes on fossil Pteridophytes. (8)



  1. (a) Outline the classification of Sporne (1967) for Gymnosperms. (6)

(b) Describe the male gametophyte of Cycadales. (7)

(c) Give an account of Cycadeoidea. (7)



  1. (a) Give an account of heterothallism in fungi. (6)

(b) Describe the post fertilization changes in Rhodophyceae. (7)

(c) Describe the gametophytes of Calopbryales. (7)



  1. (a) Write about various spore dispersal mechanisms found in Deuteromycetes. (6)

(b) Give an account of various types of steles in Lycopsida (7)

(c) Describe the sporophyte of Anthoceratales. (7)



  1. (a) Describe the haplontic life cycle in Chlorophyceae.
    (7)

(b) Briefly write the general characters of Coniferales.
(6)

(c) Give an account of the gametophytes of Jungermaniales. (7)

–––––––––––––––


DE–7661



12

DISTANCE EDUCATION

M.Sc. (Botany (Specialization – Plant Biotechnology)) DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2009.

PLANT TAXONOMY

(2008 onwards)

Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks

Answer any FIVE questions.

Each question carries 20 marks.



  1. (a) Describe biotype. (6)

(b) Explain the binomial system of nomenclature. (7)

(c) Comment on ecotype. (7)



  1. (a) How Bentham and Hooker classified the Gamopetalae? (6)

(b) Give the outline of Hutchinson’s classification. (7)

(c) Describe the Metachlamydeae of Engler and Prantl.


(7)

  1. (a) Briefly discuss the historical background of classification. (7)

(b) Explain biosystematics. (6)

(c) Describe the operational taxonomic units. (7)



  1. (a) Give the diagnostic features of Orchidaceae. (7)

(b) Write notes on valid publication of names of species.
(6)

(c) Briefly describe plant floreistics. (7)



  1. (a) Describe the rules of nomenclature. (7)

(b) Bring out the principles of priority. (6)

(c) Write the characteristic features of Loranthaceae. (7)



  1. (a) Discuss the important sources of taxonomic evidence with regard to chemotaxonomy. (7)

(b) Write about the changes in names of taxa. (6)

(c) Write about principles of IC BN. (7)



  1. (a) Enlist the primitive characters of Ranunculaceae. (6)

(b) Explain the various nomenclatural types. (7)

(c) Outline the classification of Takhtajan. (7)



  1. (a) Describe the vegetative characters of Orchidaceae.
    (7)

(b) Write notes on rejection of names. (6)

(c) Explain species concept. (7)

———————


DE–7662



13

DISTANCE EDUCATION

M.Sc. (Botany) (Specialisation Plant Biotechnology) DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2009.

ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY

(2008 onwards)

Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks

Answer any FIVE questions.

Each question carries 20 marks.

Draw diagram wherever necessary.


  1. (a) Describe the ultrastructure of cell wall. (8)

(b) Explain the theories on organization of apical meristem. (7)

(c) Explain the mode of activity of non-storied cambium. (5)



  1. (a) What are the structural diversities of xylem? (7)

(b) Explain the phylogenetic speciality of phloem. (7)

(c) How primary vascular differentiation occurs in dicot root? (6)



  1. (a) What are the molecular aspect of vegetative organ differentiation? (7)

(b) Comment on root stem transition zone. (5)

(c) How will you classify the woods? (8)



  1. (a) What are the chemical properties of wood? (7)

(b) Explain reaction wood. (5)

(c) Explain the economic value and importance of any four commercial woods of south India. (8)



  1. (a) What is tapetam? What are its types? Explain it with example. (8)

(b) Describe the fine structure of pollen. (6)

(c) Narrate the steps in megasporogenesis. (6)



  1. (a) What do you know about embryo sac nutrition? (6)

(b) Explain pollen-stigma incompatibility. (6)

(c) Describe polygonum type of embryo sac. (8)



  1. (a) How will you utilise apomixis in plant improvement? (7)

(b) Explain apospory. (6)

(c) Explain molecular aspects of higher plant reproduction. (7)



  1. (a) Describe molecular aspect of wood differentiation.
    (7)

(b) Explain cambial variation and floral vasculature.
(6)

(c) Write about types of endosperm. (7)

–––––––––––––––


DE–7663



14

DISTANCE EDUCATION

M.Sc. (Botany) (Specialization-Plant Biotechnology) DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2009.

PLANT TISSUE CULTURE

(2008 onwards)

Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks

Answer any FIVE questions.

Each question carries 20 marks.



  1. (a) Give a concise account flowerbud culture. (7)

(b) Describe the composition of any one nutrient medium used for liquid culture in plant tissue culture. (5)

(c) Write the protocols involved in the suspension culture of any monocot plant you have studied. (8)



  1. (a) Explain the sterilization techniques employed in culture vessels and instruments for plant tissue culture. (6)

(b) Define micropropagation. Enumerate the stages involved in micropropagation. (8)

(c) Write notes on root culture. (6)



  1. (a) Write about chemical fusogens employed in protoplast fusion. (7)

(b) What is a callus? Give a concise account on the establishment and maintenance of callus culture. (7)

(c) Mention the practical application of protoplast fusion technology. (6)



  1. (a) Write a concise account on the in vitro production of secondary metabolites of medicinal importance. (7)

(b) Enumerate the protocols involved in the production of artificial seeds. (6)

(c) Describe the techniques involved in the culture of pollen. (7)



  1. (a) Give a concise account on the organogenesis. (6)

(b) What is somoclonal variation? What are the applications of somoclonal variation? (7)

(c) Explain how virus can be eliminated through micropropagation. (7)



  1. (a) Explain the protocols employed for the enzymatic isolation of protoplast. (6)

(b) What is organogenesis? Describe the protocols involved in the regeneration of plant through organogenesis from callus. (7)

(c) Define totipotency. Explain how totipotency is expressed in culture. (7)



  1. (a) Write notes on ovule culture. (7)

(b) Write a short account on the commercial importance of micropropagation. (6)

(c) Mention the applications of embryo rescue. (7)



  1. (a) Define somatic embryogenesis. Explain how embryogenesis can be controlled. (6)

(b) Write notes on role of hormones in plant regeneration. (6)

(c) Give a detail account on Meristem culture. (8)

———————


DE–7664



15

DISTANCE EDUCATION

M.Sc. (Specialization – Plant Biotechnology) DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2009.

Botany


PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

(2008 onwards)

Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks

Answer any FIVE questions.

Each question carries 20 marks.


  1. (a) Give an account on chloroplast genome. (8)

(b) Briefly describe the characteristics of mitochondrial DNA. (5)

(c) Explain about the chromatin organisation in plants.


(7)

  1. Briefly explain the following :

(a) Genome organisation of mitochondria. (8)

(b) Nucleus encoded genes for chloroplast proteins. (7)

(c) Chloroplast sequences in mitochondrial DNA. (5)


  1. (a) Give an account on male sterile lines in Maize. (5)

(b) Explain seed storage protein and its significance. (6)

(c) What do you mean by regulatory DNA-binding proteins? What are the functions? (9)



  1. (a) What is meant by Transcription? Explain. (8)

(b) Describe on transposons. (6)

(c) Write notes on plant growth hormones. (6)



  1. (a) Write notes on symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legume plants by Rhizobium. (5)

(b) Give an account on mechanism of T-DNA transfer.
(10)

(c) Describe the applications of Ti-plasmid based vectors. (5)



  1. (a) Write a short note on drought resistance. (5)

(b) Explain biolistic method of gene transfer. (10)

(c) Give an account on tagging of plant genes. (5)



  1. (a) Briefly explain microlaser method of gene transfer.
    (5)

(b) Explain about the stress response of plants to dehydration. (8)

(c) How genes are transferred using ultrasonication method? (7)



  1. Write notes on :

(a) Plantibodies. (7)

(b) Edible vaccines. (7)



(c) Bioremediation using plants. (6)
———————



DE–7660



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