General Description of Public Analyst’s Laboratories
Public Analysts hold statutory responsibilities under Food Legislation, and head Official Food Control Laboratories responsible for surveillance of food safety and standards. The scientific testing of foodstuffs undertaken by staff in their laboratories underpins public health and enforcement of consumer protection. Chemical analysis (along with physical tests & microscopic examination) is carried out on a wide range of foodstuffs submitted to the laboratory primarily by environmental health officers & consumers but also by hospitals, other state agencies and industry. The Dublin laboratory also provides a microbiological food testing service.
There are four Public Analyst’s laboratories, three in the Republic of Ireland & one in Northern Ireland. The laboratories in the Republic of Ireland are administered by the Health Boards in which they are located, while the Belfast laboratory is a private practice. These regional regulatory Labs are located in Cork, Belfast, Galway & Dublin and serve the following areas:
Cork: South & South-Eastern Health Boards;
Belfast: Northern Ireland;
Galway: Western, Mid-Western & North-Western Health Boards;
Dublin: Eastern Regional Health Authority, North-Eastern & Midland Health Boards.
In addition to their routine operations, all laboratories carry out local, regional & periodically national surveys, and as required, participate in outbreak incidences and national/EU alerts.
Food samples are taken by environmental health officers at various stages of the food chain, from production to retail, and submitted to the labs. The tests to be carried out depend on the particular food, statutory provisions and past history of problems. In broad terms, the type of testing may be subdivided into:
-
Contaminant/residue/toxin analysis;
-
Food additive analysis ;
-
Compositional analysis ;
-
Food complaints;
-
Labelling & nutritional verification;
-
Food alerts/incidences;
-
Private contract work.
All four labs undertake to varying degrees chemical or microbiological analysis of water. In addition, Galway has a drugs/toxicology section which carries out work for the Irish Medicines Board. Details of food samples which fail to comply with the relevant standards, legislation, guidelines or are considered unfit for human consumption, are notified to the appropriate authorities, i.e. environment heath officers & food safety agencies. Such food products can be recalled, detained or withdrawn from the market and a range of enforcement action taken ranging from advice to, ultimately, prosecution in the courts.
Cork Public Analyst's Laboratory Southern Health Board
St. Finbarr's Hospital
Douglas Rd
Cork
Republic of Ireland
Tel: 00 353 21 4923358
Fax: 00 353 21 4923367
Email: behanj@shb.ie
Head of Laboratory: Mr. John J. Behan
No. Food Safety Staff: 20 Accredited by: NAB
Service Contract: Food Safety Authority of Ireland Statutory Responsibility: Yes
Year Established: 1978 (previous Public Analyst Lab operated from 1920’s-1968/69)
Accessibility: Environmental Health Officers, General Public, State Agencies, Food Industry, Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Health Boards, Local Authorities & other Laboratories
Type of Food Safety Work: Additives, Compositional, Contaminants (incl. process), Food Complaints, Food Speciation, Toxins, Residues & Labelling
Techniques/Instrumentation used: FIA, FTIR, GC, GC-MS, HPLC, Immunoassay, Ion Chromatography, Microscopy, PCR (inc. RT-PCR), PPSL, CHARM, AAS, SPE, ELISA & UVS
Specialised testing: Irradiation monitoring & GMO’s
Specialised equipment: PPSL, PCR & GC-MS
Details of Food testing or/and Research carried out |
Sample Type
| Test Parameter |
Techniques
|
Herbs & Spices
|
Irradiation
|
PPSL
|
Snack Foods
|
GMO's
|
PCR
|
Wheat Based Cereals
|
Trichothecenes
|
HPLC
|
Olive Oil
|
Stigmastadiene
|
GC
|
Snack foods etc
|
MSG
|
Documented in-house method
|
Dairy spreads, fats, cooking oils etc
|
Fat profile
|
GC
|
Dried foods
|
Calorific value
|
Automated Bomb Calorimeter
|
Smoked fish & cooking oils
|
Benzo[a]pyrene & Benzo[e]pyrene
|
HPLC
|
Dairy products
|
Total solids, fat, titratable acidity, non fat milk solids, lactose & Protein
|
Documented in-house methods
|
Fruit products & Wine
|
Sulphur dioxide
|
Titrimetric & Tanner
|
Meat & meat products
|
Ash content, total fat content, water content, nitrogen
|
Documented In-house methods
|
Fruit juices
|
Ascorbic acid
|
Documented In-house method
|
Alcoholic beverages
|
Alcohol content
|
Documented In-house methods
|
Nuts and nut products, spices
|
Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2
|
HPLC
|
Specified foods & beverages
|
Synthetic water soluble colours, sorbic acid, benzoic acid & caffeine
|
HPLC
|
Beverages/Tablets
|
Artificial sweeteners
|
HPLC
|
Milk , milk powders & infant formulae
|
Vitamin A
|
HPLC
|
Unspecified food & drink
|
Additives/contaminants incl. heavy metals/ingredients
|
GC, Generic HPLC, Generic AAS etc.
|
Meats & baby foods
|
NO3/NO2
|
Titrimetric & Tanner
|
Semi-solid foods
|
Parabens
|
HPLC
|
Oils, fats and lards
|
Antioxidants
|
HPLC
|
Liquid egg
|
Alpha-amylase
|
Colorimetric
|
Miscellaneous foodstuffs
|
Ash, fat, moisture, salt content, sugars & protein
|
Furnace, Gravimetric
|
Liquid foodstuffs
|
pH
|
Meter
|
Milk
|
Freezing Point, inhibitory substances, Aflatoxin M1 & iodine
|
Various
|
Milk powders
|
Radiation
|
Meter
|
Cereals & cereal products
|
Ochratoxin A
|
HPLC
|
Fish& fish products
|
Histamine & other Biogenic amines, Total Volatile Nitrogen, Nematodes
|
HPLC, Titrimetry, Visual/Microscopy
|
Apple juice
|
Patulin
|
HPLC
|
Alcoholic Beverages
|
Congeners
|
GC
|
Citrus fruits, bananas & fruit juices
|
Post-harvest fungicides
|
HPLC
|
Pork/beef/chicken
|
Inhibitory substances
|
CHARM
|
Used Oils/fats
|
Polymerised triglycerides
|
HPLC
|
Baby foods
|
p-TSA
|
HPLC
|
Oils/fats
|
Acid value/peroxide value, iodine & Saponification values
|
Titrimetry
|
Flour, cereals etc
|
Infestation/Mites
|
Visual, Microscopy
|
Road Traffic Act samples – Blood & Urine
|
Ethanol
|
GC-FID
|
Foodstuffs
|
Organoleptic testing
|
Odour, Taste
|
Foodstuffs
|
Foreign body identification
|
Microscopy
|
Bakery products
|
Gluten
|
ELISA
|
Analgesics
|
Aspirin/Paracetamol/Caffeine
|
HPLC/UV
|
Foodstuffs
|
Labelling checks
|
Visual
|
Waters for potable & domestic purposes
|
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons (DDT etc.), Various Parameters
|
GC-ECD, Other Documented in-house methods
|
Research areas: Food chemistry, chemical residues, contaminants, GMO’s, nutritional & toxins
| |