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Colenso’s collections


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E Acharius.

206 van Diemen’s land – Tasmania.

207So passes the glory of plants – or should I say, authors!!”

208 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E451.

209 Homer’s way of describing Achilleus.

210 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p120; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E459.

211 Banks St has disappeared from the Napier map, but Colenso Ave and Hooker Ave meet, and Faraday St and Oliver Rd are nearby.

212 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: c. p124; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 : Reel 15: E470 .

213 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p122; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E463.

214 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p125; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E476.

215 Macænas was Horace’s rich Roman patron.

216 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p126; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E479.

217 sçavan = scholar, savant

218 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E486.

219 Hooker’s daughter Maria Elizabeth (known as Minnie) was six years old when she died in 1863.

220 John William Colenso, Bishop of Natal, who was found guilty of “erroneous teaching” and deposed in 1863. Hooker and Charles Darwin had helped pay legal fees in support of Bishop Colenso’s right to freedom of expression, but Hooker wrote to Darwin on April 1865, after dining with Bishop Colenso, “… I must confess I cannot go along with Colenso – his incessant prating about his own ‘affair’ is quite wearisome: he really is in some respects a very weak man.”

221 See footnote 215.

222 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p134; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E497.

223 K Scherzer’s account of the 1857-1859 circumnavigation of the globe by the Austrian ship, Novara.

224 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p132; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E495.

225These studies sustain youth and entertain old age,” from Cicero’s Pro Archia Poeta.

226 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p137; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E500.

227 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p139; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E502.

228 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15, E509

229 Kew Plant Determination Lists (PDL) XXVIII: p53; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 35: E678

230Your white bum.” Colenso had earlier written to WJ Hooker (3 August 1846), “Allow me, also, to request, that you will be pleased to turn to Cunn’s. Ms., for the specific name of his N.Z. Persoonia which cannot (must not) be “Tora” (a most obscene word); Toru is the Native name of the Tree, and Cunningham, who had all the names either from, or corrected by, the Missionaries, – must have written it Toru. If you find it to be as I suppose, you can easily alter it; and if not, do try to change its nom. sp., for any person, however respectable, using such a word to a Native (in enquiring after the Tree), would infallibly insure to himself anything but a good reputation.”

231 Matagouri, a thorny bush: tumatakuru also means to show consternation, to be apprehensive.

232 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p143; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E513.

233 The death of Hooker’s father

234 Kew Plant Determination Lists (PDL) XXVIII: p. 57ff; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 35: E683. In a different hand: “Fungi taken out by Mr Berkely, Sept 26, 1866.”


235 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p144; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E516.

236 Hemlock was used in small doses as a sedative; it caused paralysis if too much was taken.

237 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p146; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E521.

238 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E 523

239 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p148; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E527.

240 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p149; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E528.

241 Celebrated cabinetmaker Anton Seuffert made Hooker’s secretaire from kauri, and veneered it with other native woods, including burr totara, rewarewa, puriri, and kohekohe. The marquetry shows a moa, a kiwi, and marine mammals, with a globe centred on New Zealand. Seuffert made nine of these Louis XV escritoires (http://www.seuffert.co.nz/).

242 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E537.

243 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p154; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E540.

244 May that not be an omen.

245 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E543.

246 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p162; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E547.

247 For whose benefit is it?

248 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV;ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E557.

249 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p120; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E440.

250 Troy no longer exists.

251 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV p161; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 16: E42.

252 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p162; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E561.

253Perhaps a reference to Francis Bacon’s famous, “Yea, but where are they painted, that are drowned?”

254 Andrew Sinclair was drowned crossing the Rangitata River in 1861.

255 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p164; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E564.

256 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E570.

257 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p170; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E575.

258 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p165; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E565.

259 Kew Plant Determination Lists (PDL) XV: p257ff; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 35: E315.

260 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV p243 has a list of identifications of the two Cordylines and some of these ferns, possibly in Baker’s hand, headed “New Zealand. Colenso. rec’d 9/83”.These identifications are given in brackets in 8pt above.Colenso referred critically to Baker’s views in his letters of 24 February 1884 et seq.

261 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p166; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15.

262 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E584.

263 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p173; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E587.

264 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p174; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E588.

265 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p176; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E594.

266 He must have been referring to GM Thomson.

267 Thomson GM (1874). On some of the naturalised plants of Otago. Trans. N.Z.I. 7: 370.

268 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p180; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E605.

269 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p182; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E609.

270 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p124; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E444.

271 Alea iacta est: the die is cast.

272 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p127; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E452.

273 Meat roasted in its skin, a South American tradition, as Darwin noted after his visit in 1833-4.

274 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E618.

275 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p184; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E613.

276 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p187; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E621.

277 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p188; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E622.

278 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p189; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E623.

279 Whether or not one wishes it.

280 An anodyne was a medicine that relieved pain (the word is nowadays used for anything that calms, comforts, or soothes disturbed feelings). Compound Ipecacuanha powder (an emetic), compound extract of Colocynth (a strong laxative), Sapo Cast (a homeopathic “moderator”) together make up what must have been a rather unpleasant placebo..

281 Time will tell.

282 Kew Plant Determination Lists (PDL) XIV: p173ff; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 35: E156 . Following this list at E162 are four pages of notes and identifications of these plants, in Hooker’s writing, headed “From Rev. Wm. Colenso Decr. 1885”, and identifications of others, presumably by Baker, headed “New Zealand Revd. W Colenso 12/85”; these last are shown in brackets in 8pt under Colenso’s names.

283 Kew Plant Determination Lists (PDL) XIV: p176ff; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 35: E165. These specimens are all identified in a list that follows Colenso’s list in volume XIV; the list is marked in Hooker’s writing, “Recd. ex Mr Cooke 7. vi. 66; Copy to Mr Colenso 10. vi. 66.” The author signs “WP” but I can make no further identification; I have given these plant identifications in 8pt in brackets below each Colenso entry.

284 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p192; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E627.

285 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p194; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E630.

286 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p195; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E631.

287 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p196; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E632.

288 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E633.

289 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p128; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E453. There is a list by Baker identifying several of Colenso’s new ferns with species already described.

290 No doubt Pernettya nana Col., collected by Suter.

291 Edward Craig Stuart, 2nd Bishop of Waiapu 1878-1893, succeeded William Williams 1859-1876.

292 Bishop Stuart became President of the Hawke’s Bay Philosophical Institute.

293 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E636.

294 (in another hand) “determined by Stephani. list 20.12.90”.

295 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p130; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E459.

296 Woe is me!

297 The differences of opinion about Gahnia continue in subsequent letters, and in the Kew volumes is a March 1892 report from CB Clarke to the Director, giving his opinions of Colenso’s new “species”.

298Typo” was the magazine edited by Robert Coupland Harding, Colenso’s friend.

299 The Assaye left London in February 1890, crossed the Equator on 16 March, and was never heard of again; some of her wreckage washed up on the Chathams.

300 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p133; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E468, repeated at E476.

301 Tusculum was an ancient city SE of Rome: the word came to be used for Roman villas, especially Cicero’s villa.

302 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p135; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E471 repeated at E481.

303 Cry “Hurrah! Triumph!” (Ovid, the Art of Love).

304 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p199; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E639.

305 Though not as severe as the later 1918 pandemic, the influenza epidemics of 1890-91 were the most serious for 40 years, with many deaths worldwide.

306 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p201; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E641.

307 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p202; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E642.

308 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p137; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E485.

309 Peccare = to sin

310 At the threshold

311 A reference to the archer who, offended by Philip of Macedon, shot an arrow carrying that message into the king’s right eye. Philip plucked the arrow out and sent it back with the message, “If I take the city I will hang the archer.” And so he did. The relevance?

312 See also the 14 October 1893 letter and footnote.

313 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p204; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E643.

314 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p140; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E494.

315 See also the letter of 24 January 1893. The painting was lent to Colenso by Andrew Luff, who had bought it from the artist William Tayler in London. It was probably a watercolour copy of Tayler’s “The botanist in Sikkim”, reproduced in Huxley L. Life and letters of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker OM, GCSI. 2 vols, London, John Murray, 1918. It was offered for sale by Luff’s descendents in Wellington in 1938, but I can find no trace of its present whereabouts.

316 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p141; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E497.

317 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p144; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E497.

318 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p205; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E649.

319 In red ink in an apparently different hand are written the words “yes – exceptionally well.”

320 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p145; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E505.

321 Countryside in the town.

322 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p149; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E509.

323 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p150; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E510.

324 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p206; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E652.

325 He made several such errors in his numbering.

326 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p151; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E513.

327 The Czech-born Gottfried Lindauer married in Melbourne in 1879, and lived at Woodville after 1889. Trans. N.Z. I. Vol 27 p. 688 (1894) records, “At the close of the meeting, the President, in the name of the Institute, presented to Mr. Colenso a fine portrait in oils of himself, by Herr Lindauer”.

328 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p152; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E516.

329 William Leonard Williams, 3rd Bishop of Waiapu 1895-1909.

330 Both Hooker and Darwin administered chloroform to their wives during childbirth.

331 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p155; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E519.

332 Possibly Augustus Hamilton’s “Notes on a visit to Macquarie Island”, read before the Otago Institute in November 1894 (Trans. N.Z. Inst. 1894; 27: 559).

333 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p156; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E522.

334Est quadam prodire tenus, si non datur ultra” (Horace): It is always possible to reach a certain point, if not to go beyond.

335 Kew Directors’ Correspondence CLXXIV: p208; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 15: E654.

336 There is a report on Colenso’s new species of the sedge Gahnia, written for the Kew Director by CB Clarke on 11 March 1892. Clarke lumped G. multiglumis Col., G. parviflora Col., G. scaberula Col., and 3 other tagnamed specimens, into G. setifolia Hook. f., lumped a further four tagged specimens into G. xanthocarpa Hook. f., and identified G. exigua Col. with G. rigida T. Kirk.

337 Probably F Reader.

338 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p158; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E528.

339 Tansy and pennyroyal were euphemistically called emmenagogues (“menstrual flow stimulants”), but were used as abortifacients.

340 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p162; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E538.

341 Joseph D Hooker (ed), Journal of The Right Hon Sir Joseph Banks, Macmillan, 1896.

342 Herbert Spencer’s The principles of sociology, 1874-1875.

343 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p184; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E578; the “papers concerning” Colenso’s accident are missing.

344 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p185; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E579. Seymour Fannin was appointed Dispenser of drugs at the United Societies’ Pharmacy in Napier in 1892 (Colenso to RC Harding 9 November 1892: Mitchell Library). His father was George Thomas Fannin, a beneficiary of Colenso’s will.

345 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p166; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E548.

346 I cannot identify this woman, but Colenso referred to her as “Mrs. B” in a letter to RC Harding dated 30 April 1897.

347 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p168; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E552.

348 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p169; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E553.

349 The Minister of Lands (Sir John McKenzie) had made slanderous accusations in an “extraordinary aud sensational speech” about Sir Walter Buller’s acquisition of land in the Horowhenua in 1895; Buller steadfastly denied unethical conduct.

350 Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee.

351 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p173; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E563.

352 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p186; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E580.

353 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p175; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E565.

354 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p177; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E567.

355 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p178; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E570.

356 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p180; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E572.

357 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p181; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E574.

358 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p182; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E576.

359 Colenso’s masterful letter ended, “Geology is God’s revelation to us of one set of truths, and Genesis of quite another.”

360 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p190; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E586.

361 Colenso died on 10 February 1899.

362 Kew JDH/2/1/4 Letters to Joseph Hooker, Vol IV: p192; ATL Micro-Ms-Coll-10 Reel 27: E588.

363 In the letter to Lady Hyacinth Hooker dated 14 February 1898 he wrote, “I am still very busy. . . naming parcels of plants sent in to me by strangers! which take up more of my time than they are aware of.”

364 Letter to JD Hooker of 21 May 1885.

365 Olsen M. Petrels nesting in Tutamoe Range, Northland, 1916-1923. Notornis 1987; 34 (3) 205.

366 Brownlie, Mary. David Paton Balfour. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, updated 22 June 2007. www. dnzb. govt. nz/

367 Phillipps WJ. Augustus Hamilton. Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1966. www.teara.govt.nz/1966/H/HamiltonAugustus/ HamiltonAugustus/en accessed 12 Dec 07.

368 Tikokino, an eclectic mix of history, art and country gardens. www.centralhawkesbay.co.nz/discover_tikokino.shtml accessed 12 Dec 07.

369 Matthews KM. Henry Hill. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, updated 22 June 2007. www.dnzb.govt. nz/


370 Hawera & Normanby Star, 13 June 1887.

371 Findlay JF. 1981. WF Howlett, pioneer Ruahine botanist. Wellington Bot. Soc. Journal, p. 35.

372 http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-MacHist-t1-body-d38-d7-d2.html accessed 13 May 2008.

373 Olsen M. See footnote 365.

374 Hedley C. Henry Suter obituary. Trans. Proc. R. S. N.Z. 1919; 51: ix.

375 Waitangi Tribunal. The Te Roroa Report, 1992. www.waitangi-tribunal.govt.nz/reports/viewchapter.asp?reportID=7df6e15e-2c4d-4dd0-9e60-50a88ffb48a9&chapter=31 accessed 12 Dec 07.

376Auckland City Libraries. Henry Winkelmann biography. www.aucklandcitylibraries.com/general.aspx?id=1112&ct=323 accessed 12 Dec 07.
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