Click on the page number to reach the article
|
|  Yüklə 136 Kb.
|
International database on spray driftThere were twelve papers on buffer zones, effects of spray particle size and use of anti-drift adjuvants. In his paper, Andrew Hewitt (Stewart Agricultural Research Services, Missouri, USA) said that the minimisation of spray drift had been the subject of considerable research and regulatory attention for many years. There had been a need to compile the data developed from field studies into a single international database, AgDBAIS. Data from DEFRA (UK), BBA (Germany) and official bodies in Canada and the Netherlands are included. Data from drift studies in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand will also be added. The work in 2003, funded by the Spray Drift Taskforce and ECPA, has focused on developing the framework, gathering data on spray drift and developing a web-based application. In 2004 and beyond, analysis will identify trends and possible applications of the data for drift mitigation, product labelling and regulatory recommendations. It will be developed to link with models such as AgDRIFT. More information on the conference can be obtained from Aspects of Applied Biology 71 (Volumes I & II) by contacting the Association of Applied Biologists Office, c/o Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF (www.aab.org.uk). The notable absence of French delegates at the AAB conference was due to a pesticide application colloquium, “Mieux Traiter”, being organised by the French association AFPP in Orléans on 10-11 March (www.afpp.net). 7th International Conference on Plant DiseasesIn this second report from the 7th International Conference on Plant Diseases (CIMA), held in Tours from 3-5 December by AFPP, Brian Hicks writes about some of the new active substances presented and French work on monitoring pesticides after approval. Crop protection R&D challengesPhilippe Cagneuil (DuPont) discussed some of the new pathways of research and the challenges to be met in a declining market in the light of a recent international survey from the Scottish consultancy Wood Mackenzie, whose crop protection interests have recently being acquired by the start-up company, Cropnosis. He said that it took 15 years and US$250 million to develop a new pharmaceutical product compared with 9.1 years and US$184 million for a new crop protection product (including US$30 million for the approval file). Of the current pesticides available, there are some 75 modes of action and 30 sites of action. About 20% of them are “original” molecules. Mr Cagneuil asserted that future innovation would come from successful coupling of chemistry and genetics. BASF prominent with new fungicidesJérôme Clair (BASF France) revealed details of dimoxystrobin, under development in France for late disease control in winter wheat. BASF will be registering an SC formulation (133g/l dimoxystrobin + 50 g/l epoxiconazole) in France for use at 1.5 litres/hectare. Dimoxystrobin received its first European approval in the UK last year (CPM June 2003). Marie-Hélène Moronwal (BASF France) gave delegates details of the new BASF cereal fungicide metrafenone (see also European Markets). This benzophenone product is being developed in France as a 300g/l SC formulation for use at 0.5 litres/hectare for control of eyespot and mildew. Its mode of action is not known in detail as yet, but it is not like cyprodinil or fenpropidin. Metrafenone does inhibit the formation of spores, diffuses in the gas phase and shows some translaminar activity. It is several times more active than cyprodinil and shows no cross-resistance with DMI or anilinopyrimidine fungicides. Yves Senechal (BASF France) gave details of the company’s new fungicide boscalid (BASF 510F), which received its first approvals in the UK, USA, Germany and Switzerland last year (CPM February 2003). This is a “multi-crop” nicotinamide fungicide from the carboxamide family. It has a wide spectrum of activity, active against all classes of mycetes and it is being developed for many different crops, including oilseed rape and vines in France as a 50% WG formulation for use at 0.5 kg/ha. It is apparently more effective than the reference fungicides in oilseed rape, giving good control of resistant Sclerotinia, as well as Alternaria and Phoma. Boscalid shows promise for control of Botrytis in vines, where it affects levels of spore germination and is comparable to pyrimethanil. It has been tested by INRA Versailles for two years on all strains of Botrytis resistant to products currently used (over 800 isolates) and no cross-resistance has been found with it. New Bayer productsJean-François Crevat (Bayer CropScience) discussed Bayer’s new insecticide clothianidin, which is being developed in France as a seed treatment for cereals, sorghum and sugar beet at a rate of 500g ai/tonne seed. Details of the insecticide, which is proving to be more effective that imidacloprid, especially for BYDV control on barley, were first revealed at the Brighton Conference (CPM, November 2002). Stefan Dutzmann (Bayer CropScience) told delegates that the company’s new triazole fungicide, prothioconazole, would “soon be in farmers’ hands”, although registration in the UK has been delayed. Post-registration product monitoringThere was an interesting presentation on post-registration product monitoring in France by Nelly Pons-Grollier (DGAL SDQPV), an area of increasing scrutiny. This has occurred with maize herbicide products based on acetochlor with specific reference to water quality. The studies started in 2002 and a report will be submitted at the end of March 2004. Studies on the vine herbicide Katana (flazasulfuron) started in March 2003 and a final report is expected in March 2005. Studies are underway in the French overseas territories of Martinique and Guadeloupe into residues in potable water of Bayer’s nematicide fosthiazate, approved for use in bananas in 2001. A report is due in 2004/2005. The reports are issued by the company holding the product registration and submitted to the pesticide approvals committee. A final decision is made by the French Agriculture Ministry, which can maintain or withdraw an approval, impose use restrictions or put specific management measures in place. AFPP’s annual conference in 2004 (the 19th COLUMA congress) will be held in Dijon from 8-10 December (www.afpp.net). Whilst the focus will be on weed control, the new compounds session will again cover all pesticide categories. |