C. V personal data

Name (Arabic)	أ.د/ إيمان مختار أبو الغيط
Name (English)	Prof Dr:Eman Mokhtar Ali Abou El Ghait (Head of Horticulture Department)
Department	Horticulture
College	Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor
Academic degree	Ph.D.
Email of College	info@bu.edu.eg
Office Address	Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor . Toukh. Kalubia 13736,
Mobile 1	01005158296
Mobile 2	01065456671- 01284737711
Home phone	0226333537
Work phone	0132460306-0132468150 - 0132468422
Fax	0132467786
Email (university)	Eman.aboelghait@fagr.bu.edu.eg
Email (alternative)	dremanabouelghait @ yahoo. com
Web site of College	www.fagr.bu.edu.eg
Recent Photo (passport format)

• 
  Education
  

1. 
   Academic
   
   1. 
      Teaching
      

• 
  For each course taught,
  

• 
  Give on separate file: course description, 2 samples of assignments, 2 samples of exams, 2 samples of model answers
  
• 
  Give the URL of the course web site, if any
  
• 
  Provide power point slides
  

1. 
   Courses at undergraduate leve
   

1. 
   Landscape Gardening
   
2. 
   Fundamental of Horticulture
   
3. 
   Production of Horticulture crops
   

1. 
   Courses at post graduate level
   

1. 
   Production of ornaments plants (Advanced)
   
2. 
   Production of medicinal and aromatic plants (Advanced)
   
3. 
   Cut flowerer production for export
   
4. 
   Landscape gardening and architect constrains
   
5. 
   Indoor plants
   
6. 
   Production of flowering herbeaceous
   
7. 
   Bio-culture of ornamental medicinal and aromatic plants
   
8. 
   Roses
   
9. 
   Taxonomy of ornaments
   
10. 
    Plants of Egyptian flora
    
11. 
    Water gardents
    
12. 
    Use of growth regulators in ornamental plants
    
13. 
    Aquatic and semi aquatic plants
    
14. 
    Green lawns
    
15. 
    Preparation and handling of ornamental plants and cut flowers
    
16. 
    Bio- antibiotics
    
17. 
    Improvement and breeding of ornamental plants
    

3. 
   Courses at post graduate level
   

• 
  Cut flower production
  
• 
  Landscape gardening( softscape)
  
• 
  Lawns and Turf grasses
  
• 
  Medicinial and aromatic plants prodution
  

2. 
   PhD/MSc Supervision
   

3. 
   Grants for Projects
   

1. 
   Committees
   

1. 
   The Egyption Association of Essential oils, flavouring and cosmotics
   
2. 
   The Egyption Association of horticulture
   
3. 
   Agicultural Chemistry and Enviroment protection socity
   
4. 
   Annals of Agricultural science – Moshtohor – Benha univ.
   
5. 
   Benha university staff club
   

5. 
   List of Publications (Authors, Title, Journal/Conference name, pages from to, year, link to full paper)
   

1. 
   Effect of Trimming ,CCC and A – Rest on Pot Plants
   

Egypt.J.Appl.Sci., Vol.8 (5)1993:922-945.

3-Effect of Irrigation , Nitrogen Sources and Levels on Sterlitzia Reginae Ait (Bird of Paradise)Flowering Characteristics .

Egypt.J.Appl.Sci., Vol.8 (6) 1993:923-951

4-Effect of Irrigation , Nitrogen Sources and Levels on Sterlitzia Reginae Ait (Bird of Paradise)Chemical Constituents (N,P,K and amino Acids).

Annals of Agric.Sc., Moshotor ,Vol31(3)1993:1679-1698

5-Effect of Irrigation , Nitrogen Sources and Levels on Sterlitzia Reginae Ait (Bird of Paradise)

Chemical Constituents (Chloroplast Pigments and C/N Ratio).

Annals of Agric .Sci., Moshtohor , Vol.31 (3)1993:1679-1698.

6-Growth Responses of Epipremnum Aureum to kristtalon and some growth retardants.Dikagulac-Sodium

.Annals of Agric. Sci., Moshtohor Vol.31 (4) 1993:2153-2170

7-Growth Responses of Epipremnum Aureum to kristtalon and some growth retardants.

Ancymidol .Annals of Agric. Sci., Moshtohor Vol.31 (4) 1993:2171-2186

8-Growth Responses of Epipremnum Aureum to kristtalon and some growth retardants. Paclobutrozol.

Annals of Agric. Sci., Moshtohor Vol.31 (4):2187-2208

9-Physiological Studies on Gladiolus Spp. Growth and nutrition status in response to Fe, Mn and Zn plication.

Egypt.J.appl.Sci., Vol9(6)1994

10-Physiological Studies on Gladiolus Spp. Flowering Aspects as affect by different Fe, Mn and Zn Treatment .

Egypt J.appl.Sci., Vol.9(6)1994:938-958

11-Studies on Leaf –spot disease a new Sterlitzia Reginae Ait (Bird of Paradise) Disease in Egypt and its Relation to irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization

Egypt .J.Appl. Sci., 9(3)1994:571-599

12-Occurrence of a new Stunting Disease of Sterlitzia Reginae Ait (Bird of Paradise) in Egypt associated with Mollicute –Like Organsim (MLO).

Egypt .J.Appl. Sci., 9(6)1994:439-45

Published Researches Extracted from theses:

13. 
    Physiological studies on Cupressus Sempervirens L. Seedling Cupressus Sempervirens L. Seedling as affected by Light intensity and mineral nutrition under the out-indoor condition.
    

13. 
    Physiological studies on Cupressus Sempervirens L. Seedling Growth and chemical composition of Cupressus Sempervirens L. Seedling in response to growing media.
    

13. 
    Studies on plants and Landscape of Kinder Gardens for Children from (3-6) years old. Proceeding of the Second Conference of Ornamental Horticultural-
    

13. 
    Influence oof Irrigation. media and planting pattern on the growth and the flowering of Gerbera Jamesnii(Hook) plants.
    

13. 
    Influence of irrigation regime and Nitrogen Fertiliztion on the Growth and Flowering of Gerbera Jamesnii(Hook) plants.
    

13. 
    Effect of some agricultural Practices on the occurrence of Wilt and/or Root-Rot Pathogens of Gerbera Jamesnii(Hook) plants .Moshtohor annals of Agric .Sci.,27 1989
    

13. 
    Effect of Nitrogen Potassium and Foliar Nutrition on the Growth of Chlorophtum comosum “Variegatum” and Peperomia Clustifolia .
    

Egypt J. Appl. Sci.,3(2)1988: 124-135

13. 
    Effect of Some Growth Regulators on Seed germination growth and the flowering of Mathiola Incana L. Column Strain .
    

13. 
    Response of Silybum Marianum L. To different Horticultural and chemical treatment. .Zagazig J. Agric. Res. Vol. 16(2)1989:42-50
    

13. 
    The Response of Senecio Cruentus L. to foliar nutrition ,daminozide Drench and Shade treatment.
    

Zagazig J. Agric. Res. Vol. 4(3) 1989, 96-105

13. 
    Physiological study on a new romaniun Strain of medicinal artichoke Cynara Scolymus L.
    

13. 
    Studies on Viola Odorata L.Response of Viola Odorata L. to mineral nutrition
    

25. 
    Studies on Viola Odorata L Response of Viola Odorata L.to some growth Regulators
    

25. 
    Studies on Viola Odorata L.Identification of some constituents in Absolute oil of Viola Odorata L.
    

25. 
    Effect of some Calicum Sources , Nutrient Elements and supprtingmethods on the growth of ebibremnum oureum. Bull.
    

25. 
    bhysiological studies on Lathyrus odoratus 1-effect of gamma radiation on seed germination and shamical composition of Iathyrus ogoratuus I. seedlings. Bull
    

25. 
    Physiological studies on Lathyrus odoratus, II-effect gamma radiation on the growth and flowering of Lathyrus odoratus L.seedlings.Bull
    

25. 
    Effect of some separating material and fertilization on the growth of cynodon dectylon . Bull
    

25. 
    Effect of sprying with some calcium forms , sodium silicate and growth retardants on growth flowering and handling of straw flower (Helichrysum bracteatum, Andr.)
    

32- Effect of using mineral fertilizers on salinity tolerance of some woody trees. Annals of

Agric. Sci Moshtohor ., Vol. 49(1) (2011), 35 – 52 ISSN 1110-0419

33- Studies on the soil amendment and fertilization of Paspalum vaginatum turfgrass grown under new city conditions , Annals of Agric. Sci., Moshtohor Vol. 49(2) (2011), 169 –184, ISSN 1110-0419

34- EFFECT OF SOWING DATES, BIO, ORGANIC AND CHEMICAL

FERTILIZATION TREATMENTS ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF INDIAN

FENNEL UNDER NORTH SINAI CONDITIONS Bull. Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., 63:

52-68 (2012

By

Fac. of Agric., Moshtohor, Zagazig Univ.

Fusarium oxysporum (4 isolates), F_, solani (2 isolates) and an isolate from each of F_. monifilorme and Cunninqhamella sp. were isolated for the first time in Egypt from gerbera plants showing wilt and/or root-rot. All of these isolated fungi but not the last one were partially or completely pathogenic to gerbera seeds which were seedlings and fresh immediately divided or hardened adopted offset transplants. 1F. oxysporum isolates were the most effective ones causing rapid wilt and death of the majority of tested plant parts.

Gerbera plants grown in soil mixture containing normal soil: coarse sand at a ratio of 1:2 by volume, irrigated every 21 days and planted on rows lead to the minimum percen­tage of natural infected plants with wilt and/or root-rot pathogens as well as the highest percentage of healthy survival plants and best growth index. However, the best dry weight of leaves and roots and No. of offsets per plant were linked with plants given water irrigation every 21, 14 and 7 days interval, respectively. While, the same charac­ters in order listed were also the best when transplanting took place in soil mixture of 1:1, 1:2 (normal soil: coarse sand by volume) and normal soil, respectively. Planting on rows yielded the best values of' all of the measured characters.

EFFECT OF SOME CALCIUM SOURCES,NUTRIENT ELEMENTS AND SUPPORTING METHOD ON THE GROWTB OF EPIPREMNUM AUREUM

1VLA. Zaghloul, A.L El-Ashry, and E.M. Abo EI-Ghnit

Rooted cuttings of Epipremnum aureum (Scindapsus aureus Pothos) were grown in a modified medium containing three different sources of calcium as CaSOj, Ca(OH)2,CaCO'$ compared with Tonic and a medium containing sulfur. The following results were obtained:

All powder sources of calcium especially CaCo₄ enhanced growth, increased plant,number and length of internodes, number of' leaves I plant ,leafarea,stem thickness and fresh and dry weights. N,P,PZ,Ca,Fe,Mg in the leaves were increased while, Mn and Zn were decreased. On the other hand, sulfur gave the lowest values of vegetative growt!i,N,P,and total carbohydrate. Tonic addition increased the vegetative growth,N,P,Ca and total carbohydrates but decreased Mg and Mn in the dry leaves.

Also, the growth of Pothos was compared when the plant was suspended, supported or kept to grow on the ground level. Supported plants produced the best vegetative growth as maximum fresh and dry weights of plant organs.

Bull, of Suez Canal Univ. Appl. ScL, Vol. 1, Jan., 1992

1- GROWTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN RESPONSE TO Fe, Mn AND Zn APPLICATION

By

Horticulture Dept, Fac. of Agric., Moshtohor, Zagazig Univ., Egypt

Two field experiments of split split plot design were conducted during two seasons of 1991-92 and 1992-93 to study the effect of different Fe, Mn and Zn treatments (combinations) on some growth measurements, corm and cormels yield and nutrient status of Gladiolus sp. cv. super-supreme. Plants grown in Experimental Fann of Fac. of Agric., Moshtohor, Zagazig Univ.. Since, combinations between 3 micro­element ( Fe , Mn, Zn) * 2 sources (chelated /mineral) x 2 concentrations of each source x 3 methods of application (preplanting soak of corms for 12&24 h. and spraying plants) all were randomly arranged as the application methods and micro-elements represented the main and sub-plots, respectively, each treatment replicated 3 times. The obtained data could be summarized as follows :-1- Vegetative Growth (plant height and weights of 3 upper leaves): 1-1- Specific effect of investigated factors: Folair spray were the most effective method for all growth measurements and exceeded both two other ones (saokingfor 12& 24 h.) with regard to specific effect of micro-element applied, Fe andMn were the superior except with plant height where Zn was more beneficial.

1-2- Interaction (methods x micro-elements ^x sources x concentrations)

Spraying the plants with all chelated Fe orMn solutions, as well as soaking for 24 h. in 25 ppm mineral Zn solutions were the superior in improving all examined growth parameters except plant height hence, soaking for 12 h. in 50 ppm inorganic Zn solution produced the tallest plant.

2- Corms and cormels:

2-1- Specific effect of investigated factors: Soaking for 24 h. or spray induced the greatest number of both corms and cormels with the heaviest weight. Moreover, all micro-elements increased both organs parameters but Fe was the superior. As for source, chelated

Fe was more effective, but the reverse was true withMn while, both Zn forms were the same.

2-2- Interaction (combinations): All Fe, Mn and Zn combination increased both number and weight of corms and cormels over control: However, soaking for 24 h. or spray with inorganic or chelated Fe, respectively, beside, soaking for 12& 24 h. in mineral or chelated Mn solutions, as well as application of25ppm chelated or mineral Zn were the most effective for all 3 elements.

3- Mineral Composition :-

3-1- Macro-elements Content:

Regarding N% all combinations ofFe, Mn and Zn except soaking for 12h. in different nutrient solutions increased its level especially in leaf and cormels. However, Zn combinations were the superior. As for leaf P% the same trend of N was found but, with cormels soaking or spraying Fe or Mn increased it while, Zn application desreased cormels P%. Concerning K% most combinations of Fe or Mn especially sprying or

soaking for 24 h. increased it in leaf, corm and cormels, while Zn treatments especially soaking 12 h. decreased leafK%.

3-2- Micro-element Content:

Fe Content: Both corms and cormels were of higher content over leaves, however Fe level in all organs showed positive response to Fe combinations especially foliar application, but it was negatively reacted with all combinations of both Mn and Zn.

Mn Content: allMn treatments were in closed relationship with leaf Mn level, especially spraying of higher Mn concentration. Meanwhile, Zn application was nearly the same as in Fe ones. In addition both corms and cormels follow nearly the same trendofleafMn content. Zn Content: All sprayed solutions of Fe, Mn and Zn increased its level in leaves, corms and cormels, however the increase was more pronounced with Zn application for both leaves and cormels.

Egypt. J. Appl. Sci.; 9 (6) 1994 911 - 927 PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON Gladiolus Spp.

BY

Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait Hort Dept. Fac ofAgnc Moshtohor. Zagazig Univ Banha Branch Egypt

Glasshouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of types of kristtalon (19 N-19 P- 19 K'² Mg. 20 N-6 P-16 K-4 Mg) combined with three concentrations (0 0 25 and 50 ppm) of paclobutra/.ol on growth aspects and biological activity of endogenous phyiohormones in the leaves of Kpiprcinnuin aurewn (gloden pothos) and finally evaluate and compare between the three used growth retardants i.e dikegulac-sodium, ancvmidol and paclobutra/ol on the growth aspects and biological activity of endogenous phyiohormones in golden pothos

Paclobutrazol at 25 and 50 ppm significantly increased plant length, internode length, number of internodes. number of leaves and leaf area Paclobutrazol at 50 ppm gave heaviest values of fresh and dry weight of shoots While, paclobutrazol at 25 ppm gave the heaviest roots fresh and dry weight as compared to control irrespective of other factors Paclobutrazol had no effect on branching

Kristtalon B at level 2 increased all growth aspects more than kristtalon A Interaction of paclobutrazol at 25 ppm X kristtalon B at 2 5 g/L maximizing all growth prameter expect induction of branches

Paclobutrazol at 50 ppm slightly affected the activity of endogenous gibberellins and auxins

The pretreatment of knstallon A and B X paclobutra/ol increased the biological activity of both gibberellins and auxins-like substances Paclobutrazol decreased endogenous cytokimns While the pretreatment of kristtalon B X paclobutrazol slightly increased cytokimns As for the comparsion between the three growth retardant Dikegulac and ancvmidol gave a great reduction in endogenous gibberellins auxins and their biological activity more than paclobutrasol

• Paclobutrazol slightly decreased auxins activitv and did not show anv effeci on inhibitors activitv

• Dikegulac and ancvmidol significant increased the level ol cvtokimns but paclobutrazol had no effect on endogenous cuokimns

• The results explain the great influence¹- of dikcgulai
GROWTH RESPONSES OF EPIPREMNVM Al'REUM TO KRISTTALON

AND SOME GROWTH RETARDANTS

1- DIKEGULAC SODIUM

BY

Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait

The effect of two types of knsttalon at three levels (0 0. 0 s and 2 s glL) assigned as L₍₎. Lj and 1-2 and dikegulac-sodiuni at () () 50 and 100 ppm on growth aspects and biological activity of endogenous phytohormones in the leaves of h'.pipreninum aureuni (golden pothos) were studied during 1990/1991 and 1991/1992 in two glass house experiments in the experimental station of the Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor. Zagazig University

Dikegulac-sodium at the rate of 100 ppm decreased plant length, internode length and increased number of internodes branches, number of leaves and decreased leaf area

Plants treated with dikegulac-sodium at the rate of 50 ppm had higher shoot to root ratios (fresh and dry weight) compared to control

- The interaction between Dikegulac at 100 ppm and knsttalon A at the rate of 2 5 g/L (L2) produced more branches and compact plants

- Both knsttalon A & B at L2 significant^ increased all growth characters except the induction of new lateral branches

- Knsttalon B at L2 (2 5 g/L) gave the heaviest fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots per plant as compared to knsttalon A

- Kristtalon A & B did not alter the negative effect of exogenous application of dikegulac on the reduction of endogenous gibbercllms and auxins

Both knsttalon A & B at L2 increased the biological activity of both endogenous gibberelhns and auxins but decreased the biological activity of cytokinins

- The application of Dikegulac-sodium at the rate of 100 ppm significant decreased endogenous gibberelhns and auxins Dikegulac sodium significantly increased Ihe level of endogenous cvtokimns

BY

Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait

This investigation included studying the effects of two types of kristtalon at three levels combined with ancymidol at 0.0. 25 and 50 ppm on the growth aspects and the biological activity of endogenous phytohormones in the leaves of Epipremitum aureutn.

- Ancymidol at 50 ppm restrict plant and internode elongation, while at 25 and 50 ppm increased number of internodes. induced branching, increased number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots. Ancymidol at 25 ppm X kristtalon B at 2.5 g/L increased overall growth parameter and improve plant form. Both kristtalon A and B at 2.5 g/L increased all growth aspects But. had no effect on induction of new branches.

Kristtalon B produced good results on all growth parameters as compared with kristtalon A.

Ancymidol at 50 ppm decreased the endogenous gibberellins and Auxins and their biological effects These results reflected itself in inducing branching and stopping plant and internode elongation especially at early stages of growth Ancymidol significantly increased cytokinins level, especially when the plants pretreated with kristtalon A and B at 2.5 g/L Ancymidol can be used as foliar spray at 25 ppm four times combined with kristtalon B at 2.5 g/L to improve overall plant form and produce good compact branching hanging baskets of golden pothos

OCCURRENCE OF A NEW STUNTING DISEASE OF STRELITZIA REGINAE (BIRD OF PARADISE) IN EGYPT ASSOCIATED WITH MOLLICUTE'LIKE ORGANISM (MLO).

By

A. E. badr* And eman M. Abo EUGhAiT**

"•""Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha Branch, Zagazig University, Toukh , Qalubia, Egypt.

ABSTRACT

The naturally infected Strelitzia reginae Ait. (Bird of Paradise) plants show severely stunted plants, yellowish stunted leaves, abnormal flowers and malformed flowers and flower stalks. Also, it was noticed that some flowers carried on diseased plants were dead. Most of these symptoms were reduced or remissed on the newly formed leaves and flowers when diseased plants were treated with tetracycline (125 to 1000 ppm). Electron micrographs of thin sections of sieve elements of diseased but not of healthy leaf petioles revealed the presence of pleomorphic forms occurring as spherical, oval, elongated, filamentous and/or irregular mollicute-like organism (MLO) bodies that had unit membranes about lOnm thick. Ribosomlike particles and fine strands presumably nucleic acids within cells, also, some structures indicative of binary fission or budding were observed. The disease significantly reduced plant height, number of leaves, length of flower stalk, leaf chlorophyll and carotene contents. Treatment (foliar spray) with either tetracycline or gibberellin significantly decreased the deleterious effect of such disease nearly in all tested concentrations (125, 250,500,750 and 1000 ppm). Effect of tetracycline or gibberellin was increased by increasing the concentration. Thus, treated diseased plants exhibit significant increase in plant height, number of leaves, length of flower stalk, leaf chlorophyll and carotene contents when compared with untreated analogous in both seasons (1991 and 1992).

Egypt. J. Appl. Sci.; 9 (6) 1994 439 - 458

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON Cupressus sempervirens L. SEEDLINGS

11- GROWTH AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CUPRESStS SEMPERVIRENS L. SEEDLINGS IN RESPONSE TO GROWING

MEDIA.

BY

Hassan, H.A.; Safaa M. Mohamed; Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait And Hammad, H.H.

The present work was done on Cupressus sempervirens. L seedlings "one year old" under lathhouse condition located at the Experimental Station of Fac. of Agric.. Moshtohor. Zagazig Univ. during two consecutive seasons of 1991 and 1992 Some substrates (sand. clay, peatmoss, leaf-mould and peanut-shells) in different combinations and proportions "by volume" were evaluated as planting media through their influence on both growth and mineral composition of Cypress plants Differential investigated media were prepared "ratio by volume" as the following order

a)- Medium (I )"ControI" =Sand + Clay + Peatmoss (1:1:1)

b)- Medium (2) =Sand + Clay •*- Leaf mould (3:1:1. respectively)

c)- Medium (3) =Sand + Peatmoss + Leaf mould (3:1:1. respectively)

d)- Medium (4) =Sand + Clay + Foam (3:1:1. respectively)

e)- Medium (5) =Sand + Clay + Peanut's shells (311. respectively)

Treatments "growing media" were replicated three times in a complete randomized block design, with 5 plants (pots) per each replicate Experiment was extended one year later after plants of each treatment had been transplanted to pots of the corresponding medium on April and May 1 llh of 1990 and 1991 during first and second seasons respectively Some physical and chemical properties of the different substrate mixtures were also analy/cd. Thus, obtained data could be summarized as

1- Vegetative Growth:

Data obtained proved the superiority of planting medium (4) (that consisting of ^ sand I cla\ I foam bv volume) over investigated other ones Since cypress seedlings transplanted to pots contained medium (4) were statistically the tallest with the greatest number of laterals (branches) and heaviest top fresh/drv weigh) lolloued bv media No <2» and No

medium No. (5) or No. (I) which ranked Insl in :i descending order since both lalcrs were I he inferior.

2- Chemical Composition:

Seedlings grown in medium (4) showed obviously the highest values of N, P and K contents, except latest in second season only Medium (3) from one side came next after medium (4) in most cases (i.e. N and K) but ranked last with P content from the other ones. Moreover, regarding (he response of N. P. K contents to the remainder media, however, there is no definite trend but thc> were generally of comparable values with minor interruptions as the\ were alternatively situated in this respect Concerning branch total carbohydrates content, medium (4) was the superior but medium (3) was the inferior, however, differences were more pronounced and significant in the second season. Besides. growing media did not affect branch total phenolic compounds.

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON LATHYRUS ODORATUS

1-EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON SEED GERMINATION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LATHYRUS ODORATUS L. SEEDLINGS.

MA.ZaghlouI¹ ,E.M Abo EI-Ghait² and AJLEl-Ashry^Fac. of

Agric. Suez Canal Univ.,²Fac. of Agrhxat Moshtohar

Zagazig Univ.and ³Agric. Res.Center Hort.

Res. Inst, Onnan Garden.

ABSTRACT

The results show that low gamma radiation doses as (100-4000 rad) increased the germination percentage, rate of germination ,root length and epicotyl length for dry and imbibed seeds in both seasons. While, the high doses up to 5000 rad decreased these characters.

Gamma irradiation ^specially at the low doses increased the carbohydrates percentage ,total soluble sugars, soluble nitrogen ,total phenols ,& amylase and amount of auxin in the seedlings of Lathyrus odoratus L. after 8 days form planting.

Bull, of Suez Canal Univ. Appl. ScL, Vol. 1, Mar. 1992

Hend E. Wahba,* and Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait**

* Pharmaceutical Science Department. National Research Centre. Dokki.

Gi/.a. Egypt ** Hort. Dept., Fac. of Agric.. Moshtohor. Zaga/.ig University. Banha Branch.

The concrete was extracted by hexane from the flowers and leaves of cultivated Viola odorata L., then the absolute oil was extracted from the concrete by absolute ethanol. The absolute oil was analysed using capillary gas liquid chromatography and GC-MS techniques The absolute oil of the flowers contained 75 components, while the absolute oil of leaves contained 45 components, of which 12 components were identified. The identified constituents were, linalool. terpineol. benzyl acetate. methyl sal icy late, eugenol, pentadecanoic acid ethyl ester, pentaoxahexadecan- 1 -ol tetraoxahexadecan-1-ol. octade-cadienal. octadecatrienoic acid ethyl ester. pentaoxanonadecan-1-ol and hexadecanoic acid The main component of leaves was hexadecanoic acid (61.3%). while the main component of the flowers was octadecatrienoic acid ethyl ester. (12.7) %.

* Fac.of Agric. of Moshtohor,Zagazig Univ. ** Fac.of Agric of Bologna Univ. *** Fac.of Kinder garten, Alexandria Univ.

Six designs for kinder-gartens were initiated by using computer landscape 3D design program. This depended on educational questionnaire presented by professors of education of both Bologna and Alexandria University. The proposal of the teachers of kinder-garten dealing with both actual garden components and children behaviors with materials and gardens play equipments in some Bologna and Egyptian kinder-gartens were considered.

The designs always consisted of 7 basic areas, arranged with modern style system to develop the concepts, skills and values that children can learn in the garden and helping them to enjoy their time in the garden. The first area called Sea . gardens (200 m?) was designed for five play equipment (Fishing boat-seesaw swing-water play tables- spiral slide-"Zoo " springs play equipment) which were arranged in circle field above sand layer 30 cm in depth. The second area (347 m?) is open play area ( lawn on open design) included a Rolan maze area (40 m^) and parabolic dish for sound

reflector. The third area (100 m?) was designed as paved concrete area placed near the activity room for different activities as drawing , playing with vehicles or play ing with Alphabet board. The fourth area (133m^) was designed for

vegetables and fruits garden. The fifth area (408m^), was designed as nature garden which included woody carriage with horse, bird feeder to attract the wild birds in the garden. This area learned the children the concepts of imagination and courage in their behaviors. The sixth area (18 m^) was designed as a "Rainbow garden " to learn the children both harmony and contrasting on colour. The seventh area was specifying for the "Butterfly garden " (42 m ) to learn the children the concepts of life, development, life cycle and mortality. The latter design fulfilled all the educational aspects (concepts, skills and values) where the sea garden achieved 40.35% of the educational aspects , while both vegetative and fruits garden and open play area achieved 17.96%. The butterfly garden, suspension bridge, Rainbow garden and Alphabate music board achieved the educational aspects by 4.27%, 1.39%,13.34% and 1.16%, respectively.

THE SECOND CONF.OF ORNAMENTAL HORT. 24 26 Oct.. 1998 Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University

BY

Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait* and Hend E. Wahba**

** Pharmaceutical Science Dept.. Nat Res Cent. Dokki. Gi/a. Egypt.

Violet (Violet odorata L.) were treated by growth regulators i.e.. GA-; at the rate of 0.00, 100 and 200 ppm. Paclobutra/ol or Ancymidol at the rate of 00. 25 and 50 ppm to investigate the effect of these growth regulators on growth, flowering, yield as well as concrete percentage in both leaves and flowers. The results of this study revealed the following points

• GA} at 100 ppm increased the number of flowers, leaves and offsets per plant besides fresh weight of flowers, flowers pedicel and leaves fresh and dry weights in both first and second cuts. It also produced more flowers in the earlier intervals (expressed as fresh weight of flowers g/plot).

• GA^ at 100 ppm produce the maximum yield of concrete in flowers of violet plants While. GA-$ at 200 ppm gave the most promising response in increasing leaves concrete yield.

Paclobulra/ol diminished the vegetative growth and flowering parameters, especially at higher used concentration (50 ppm) While. Paclobutra/ol at low concentration i.e. 25 ppm increased number of flowers, produced heavier fresh weight of flowers during both earlier inlervals of flowering season and increased flower concrete yield expressed either as g per plant or per feddan . Paclobutra/ol at both concentrations (25 A 50 ppm) were the superior in increasing concrete % in both flowers and leaves. While, for leaves concrete yield, Paclobutra/ol at 25 ppm ranked second in this concern However. Ancymidol showed nearly the a similar trend as control, regarding the different growth parameters, but slightly increased the number of flowers per plant and delayed flowering peaks were generally observed Ancymidol at the rates of 25 and 50 ppm increased concrete % in both flowers and leaves over control during the two seasons While, at the rate of 25 ppm increased both flowers and leaves concrete yield per plant and per feddan.

Annals of Agric. Sc., Moshlohor, Vol. 32(l):433-445. 1994

BY

Eman M. Abo EI-Ghait* and Hend E. Wahba,**

** Pharmaceutical Science Dept. Nat Res Cent. Dokki. Giza. Egypt

Field experiment was carried out during two successive seasons of 1990/1991 and 1991/1992 to study the effect of Greenzit as foliar spray at the rates of 0.0. 0.2. 0.4. and 0.6% and urea at the rate of 0.0. 0.5. 1.0 and 1.5% either as foliar spray or soil surface application at the rate of 15.7 0 and 10 5g per plant. Urea foliar spray at 15% significantly increased number of flowers fresh weight of flowers and pedicels per plant and delayed flowering as well as gave the highest rate of flowers during the latest one-third of flowering season. The same treatment significantly increased number of leaves in both cuts and fresh weight of leaves especially at the first one. Urea soil application at the medium rate (7 0 g/plant) produced the greatest number of offsets and the heaviest fresh and dry weight of leaves per plant in both cuts. Urea soil application either at the rate of 7.0 or 10 5 g/plant delayed flowering waves to be occurred later at the second half of flowering season. Greenzit at 06% increased all growth parameters but. it was less effective compared to urea treatments. Greenzit at 06% produced more regular increase over control in flower fresh weights throughout the whole picking periods of flowering season. Urea foliar spray at I 0% and Greenzn at 0 6% treatments were the superior in increasing concrete % in the flowers of I «>lo mlorata L. While, for leaf concrete %. urea as soil application at ⁷ 0 g/plant or foliar spraved al I 5% ranked the first in this concern

Annals of Agric. Sc., Moshtohor. Vol. 32(l):4l9-432. 1994

Vol. 49(1) (2011), 35 – 52 http://annagricmoshj.com

Annals of Agric. Sci., Moshtohor ISSN 1110-0419



Effect of using mineral fertilizers on salinity tolerance of some woody trees.

BY

Eman M. Abou El-Ghait¹, Attoa¹, G.E., Gomah¹, A.O., Abd El-Dayem², A.M. and El-Sayed², M.E.

¹ Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha Univeristy, Egypt.

² Horticultural Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, at Giza, Egypt

Abstract

This study was conducted at The Nursery of Experimental Station of the Horticultural Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, at Giza, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2004 –2005 and 2005 –2006. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the response of seedlings of timber trees namely, Pinus halepensis Mill. and Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. to saline water irrigation "artificial seawater at 4 salinity levels 4, 6, 8 and 10g/L" as well as, the effect of three nitrogen sources (Ammonium Nitrate, Ammonium Sulfate and Urea) and two potassium source (Potassium Sulfate and Potassium Chloride), in addition to zero fertilization (control) and their interactions on the growth, chemical composition and salinity tolerance of Pinus halepensis and Swietenia mahagoni seedlings. The results obtained showed that all vegetative growth data decresed with increasing salinity levels in both trees Pinus halepensis Mill. and Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. the treatment with (NH₄NO₃) + (K₂SO₄) under salinity stress increased vegetative growth. Also the treatment with (NH₄NO₃) + (K₂SO₄) could reverse the inhibitory effect of salinity stress of seedlings. Addition of urea CO(NH₂)₂ fertilizer sharply caused mortality cases for all treated Pinus halepensis seedlings. However using urea CO(NH₂)₂ fertilizers had an inhibitory effect rather than mortality on the growth of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. Seedlings.

Two field experiments were carried out at El-obour city, Kalubia governorate, during the two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 with the aim of investigating the response of paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum, Swartz) to grow-in modified sandy soil by reconstruction the zoon of surface soil layer with soil amendments or organic substrates ( sewage sludge and compost) at the levels of 2-2.5 cm layer on the soil surface and / 0r 10 cm apart beneath the surface soil for each ,as well as, three rates of mineral fertilizer N P K (2:1:1+ Mgso₄ ) i.e. (28.96, 21.73, 14.48 g N /m²) and (14.48, 11.14 and 7.24 g for each P and K /m²) and (2.00, 3.00, 4.00 g Mgso₄ /m²) respectively. In addition to control treatment the results indicated that the highest values for fresh and dry weights of clipping, plant height, lawn density, pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides), total carbohydrates contents, nitrogen, phosphors and potassium percentages in leaves were obtained for sewage sludge (Ss1) amended to surface soil. Otherwise sewage sludge (Ss2) amended to 10 cm apart beneath surface soil layer increased fresh and dry weights of underground parts as compared to compost (Cc1, Cc2 and control). The application of N P K and Mg treatments increased all the above mentioned traits with increasing the doses of application as compared with control. Interaction between soils amendments specially Ss1 and NPK + Mg fertilization treatments rates the highest rate resulted in the maximum values for the fresh and dry weights of clipping, plant height, lawn density, pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids), total carbohydrates contents, nitrogen, phosphors and potassium percentages in the leaves.

(Received: 2.11.2011)