By Hilda Diaz-Soltero usda senior Invasive Species Coordinator
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APHIS Invasive Species Funding (in Thousands)
ARS budget for FY2009 and FY2010 for Invasive Species Research FY 2009 Funding for Invasive Species (total funding $278,180,900): Prevention - $5,315,900 Early Detection/Rapid Response - $7,597,800 Control (Management) - $97,875,100 Restoration - $294,100 Research - $122,152,800 Education & Public Awareness - $44,945,200
Prevention - $5,315,900 Early Detection/Rapid Response - $7,380,400 Control (Management) - $93,542,000 Restoration - $444,100 Research - $119,834,300 Education & Public Awareness - $43,248,600
FY 2008 Actual budget: $173,229 thousands FY 2009 Estimated budget: $189,921 thousands FY 2010 Estimated budget: $204,431 thousands 23. ISAC Recommendation: Create classification codes for invasive species management. National Standard (NAISC) and Standard Industrial (SIC) classification codes should be created for invasive species management in non-landscape, non-agricultural areas to include aquatic, wild land and range land for control of invasive weeds, arthropods, etc. DOI and NISC can do this in coordination with USFS. H. USDA Progress on ISAC recommendations from the August 2009 meeting (included in ISAC’s Biofuels White Paper dated 11 August 2009) 24. ISAC Recommendation: Review/Strengthen Existing Authorities. Identify Federal authorities relevant to biofuels. Determine their likely influence on biofuel invasiveness (i.e., prevention or facilitation). Identify gaps and inconsistencies in authorities within and among Federal Departments or Agencies. As appropriate, develop policies and programs to minimize invasion risk. PLEASE SEE RECOMMENDATION 10 above. 25. Recommendation: Reduce Escape Risks. In order to determine potential biofuel benefits and risks, the invasive potential of each candidate biofuel crop needs to be evaluated in the context of each region proposed for its production. Use/promote species (including unique genotypes) that are not currently invasive and are unlikely to become invasive in the target region. Choose species or cultivars with a low potential for escape, establishment and negative impact. Where appropriate, implement mitigation strategies and plans to minimize escape and other risks. PLEASE SEE RECOMMENDATION 11 above. 26. ISAC Recommendation: Determine the Most Appropriate Areas for Cultivation. Ideally, biofuel crops should be propagated in containable systems (e.g., terrestrial or aquatic sites constructed specifically to cultivate biofuel crops) and be unable to survive outside of cultivation. Use research findings to identify the most appropriate sites (e.g., unlikely to impact sensitive habitat or create disturbances that will foster invasion) for cultivation of biofuel crops within landscapes. Support for biofuel research and demonstration projects will require site selection that minimizes the potential escape of plant species or cultivars to sensitive areas and the loss of wildlife habitat. PLEASE SEE RECOMMENDATION 12 above. 27. ISAC Recommendation: Identify Plant Traits that Contribute to or Avoid Invasiveness. Incorporate desirable traits (e.g., sterility or reduced seed production, inability to regenerate by stem fragments) into biofuel varieties to minimize their potential for invasiveness. Use information from plant research, agronomic models, and risk analyses to guide breeding, genetic engineering, and variety selection programs. PLEASE SEE RECOMMENDATION 13 above. 27. ISAC Recommendation: Prevent Dispersal. Develop and coordinate dispersal mitigation protocols prior to cultivation of biofuel plants in each region or ecosystem of consideration. Implement a comprehensive plan, appropriate to the specific crop, throughout the cultivation period. Examples of dispersal mitigation measures include the use of sterile cultivars, species not likely to genetically mix with other plants (different species or cultivars), harvesting prior to seed maturity, cleaning equipment, and minimizing propagule dispersal throughout the biofuel production cycle.
Proactively develop multiple year eradication protocols to plan for the rapid removal of biofuel crops if they disperse into surrounding areas or become abandoned or unwanted populations (e.g., those which persist beyond desired crop rotation period). 29. ISAC Recommendation: Develop and Implement Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDRR) Plans and Rapid Response Funding. Develop EDRR plans that cover multiple years to eliminate or prevent establishment and spread of escaped invasive populations. A flexible funding source needs to be in place to support EDRR efforts. PLEASE SEE RECOMMENDATION 15 above. 30. ISAC Recommendation: Minimize Harvest Disturbance. Disturbed environments are especially prone to plant invasion. Minimize the soil disturbance resulting from biofuel harvest by rapidly replanting, using cover crops, or employing other methods that will prevent the potential for future invasion of non-native plants from the surrounding area into the harvested site. 31. ISAC Recommendation: Engage Stakeholders. Identify and employ cooperative networks (e.g., working groups and councils), communication forums, and consultation processes through which the Federal agencies can work with state agencies, tribes, the private sector, and other stakeholders to reduce the risk of biological invasion via the biofuels pathways. PLEASE SEE RECOMMENDATION 16 above. I respectfully submit this report to ISAC. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you. Senior Invasive Species Coordinator Office of the Secretary U.S. Department of Agriculture Work - (202) 354-1880 Fax - (202) 371-1751 Email address - hdiazsoltero@fs.fed.us Office: Natl. Invasive Species Council 1201 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20005 |