4, 1990, 60; 5, 1991, 52; 9, 1995, 1, 3; 15, 2001,
59-60; 16, 2002, 51; 17, 2003, 81-2
Britain and 15, 2001, 60-61; 16, 2002, 43
opinions on 15, 2001, 57-8, 61
Robert Gould Shaw and 9, 1995, 3-8; 15, 2001,
59-60
American Unitarianism 6, 1992, 26, 28, 47, 53, 54,
56n14; 9, 1995, 2; 12, 1998, 15; 15, 2001, 56, 60;
16, 2002, 51
see also United States
Ames, Mrs Rebecca 6, 1992, 48, 50
Anderson, Harriet (Mrs Matthew Anderson) see Carr,
Harriet
Anderson, Matthew 6, 1992, 67
Anglican Sisters (Religious Order) 17, 2003, 64
Anglicanism 6, 1992, 29
the Litany 6, 1992, 29-30
see also religion
Annals of Natural History 17, 2003, 30
anthropology 16, 2002, 33-4, 40-41
see also ethnology
antiquarian studies 1, 1987, 1-2
Arbuckle, Elisabeth Sanders
Harriet Martineau’s Letters to Fanny Wedgwood 16,
2002, 68, 75n17, nn20-21, n23
Arch, Joseph 5, 1991, 7
Arianism 15, 2001, 2-3, 4
see also religion
Arnim, Bettina von 8, 1994, 9
Arnold, David
The Problem of Nature 16, 2002, 83n8
Arnold, Matthew 16, 2002, 12
Arnold, Dr Thomas (of Rugby) 4, 1990, 46, 50n4; 10, 1996, 78-9
Arnold, Mrs Thomas 8, 1994, 8
The Art Journal 2, 1988, 54n1
Ashley, Lord see Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury
Ashley, Michael
Mrs Gaskell’s Tales… 12, 1998, 21
Ashton, Mary see Potter, Mary
Ashton, Samuel (Thomas Ashton’s father) 3, 1989, 17
Ashton, Thomas 12, 1998, 39
murder of 3, 1989, 15, 16-21, 22, 24
Astaldi, Maria Luisa
La signora Gaskell 1, 1987, 43-4
Athenaeum 14, 2000, 31
The Atlantic Monthly 1, 1987, 36; 17, 2003, 86
Atonement 6, 1992, 59-60, 62, 64, 66n12
doctrine of 15, 2001, 5-6
Atwood, Margaret
Surfacing 8, 1994, 71-2
Auerbach, Berthold 4, 1990, 54
Die Frau Professorin 12, 1998, 13n14
Village Tales… 7, 1993, 43
Auerbach, Nina
Communities of Women… 1, 1987, 19; 17, 2003, 59, 68, 73n5, 75n47
Romantic Imprisonment 9, 1995, 39
Women and the Demon 6, 1992, 65n1
Austen, Jane 4, 1990, 66-8
Emma 4, 1990, 67, 88, 90, 91n7; 17, 2003, 53
Mansfield Park 4, 1990, 67; 10, 1996, 92-101; 13,
1999, 68n18
on women’s education 9, 1995, 13; 15, 2001, 8
Australian aborigines 16, 2002, 33
see also ethnology
authors’ payments 17, 2003, 79, 90n7
autobiography
female 14, 2000, 1-13
fictionalization of 14, 2000, 2-3
spiritual 14, 2000, 1, 2, 12n6
auto-didacts see self-improvement
Avery, Gillian
Childhood’s Pattern… 16, 2002, 93, 110nn25-7, n34
Axon, William E. A. (editor)
Annals of Manchester 3, 1989, 19, 20, 21
Artisan Naturalists… 13, 1999, 100n5
Axon, William E. A. and Axon, Ernest
Gaskell bibliography… 2, 1988, 59
Bagehot, Walter 9, 1995, 51, 54n8
Baker, Sir Thomas
Memorials of a Dissenting Chapel 6, 1992, 67
Bakewell, Robert 17, 2003, 32n23
Bakhtin, Mikhail
on genre 11, 1997, 43-4, 47, 52
Speech Genres… 11 1997, 53n1
Baldick, Chris
In Frankenstein’s Shadow… 10, 1996, 83, 87; 11, 1997, 44-5
ballads see songs and ballads
Ballantyne, James 8, 1994, 81, 82
Balzac, Honoré de 7, 1993, 30-31
Eugénie Grandet 7, 1993, 31; 15, 2001, 70
Bamford, Samuel 3, 1989, 58; 10, 1996, 34-6; 13, 1999,
85, 88-9, 97-8, 103n50
‘God help the poor’ 2, 1988, 5; 3, 1989,
18-19; 10, 1996, 36; 11, 1997, 50-51; 13, 1999,
89
Homely Rhymes 10, 1996, 35-6
Hours in the Bowers 10, 1996, 35
Miscellaneous Poetry 10, 1996, 35
Passages in the Life of a Radical 2, 1988, 4-5; 13, 1999, 89, 101n19
bank holidays 3, 1989, 58
Banks, Isabella 4, 1990, 48
Banks-Smith, Nancy 14, 2000, 94, 98
Barford see Byerley’s school, Barford
Barker, Juliet
The Brontës 11, 1997, 3, 13nn4-5; 16, 2002, 75n22
Barnard, Robert
book review 17, 2003, 121-2
Barrell, John
The Idea of Landscape… 7, 1993, 15n13
Barthes, Roland 14, 2000, 86, 90
Bartholomes (publisher) 8, 1994, 85
Basch, Françoise
Relative Creatures 2, 1988, 82; 11, 1997, 69
Bataille, George
Visions of Excess 13, 1999, 56, 64, 65
Baxter, Richard 10, 1996, 45
Baym, Nina 11, 1997, 55
Beach, John 5, 1991, 6
Beadle and Company, New York (publishers) 17, 2003, 81-2
beauty
John Ruskin on 13, 1999, 2, 5, 14n7
Beazley, Elisabeth
Maddocks and the Wonder of Wales 13, 1999, 83n11
Beeching, Jack
The Chinese Opium Wars 17, 2003, 10nn6-7
Beer, Gillian
Darwin’s Plots… 16, 2002, 14, 19-20
Bell, Alan
Sydney Smith 1, 1987, 2
Bell, Acton see Brontë, Anne
Bell, Currer see Brontë, Charlotte
Bell, Ellis see Brontë, Emily
Belsham, Thomas 8, 1994, 7; 15 2001, 4
Benedetti, Jean
Gilles de Rais… 12, 1998, 27n8
benevolence see charity/charitable works
Bentley (publisher) 14, 2000, 15-16, 17
Bentley, Eric
The Life of the Drama 11, 1987, 85n13
Berardi, Rosario 1, 1987, 44
Berridge, Virginia
Opium and the People … 17, 2003, 11n12
Berwick, Stephen (pseud.) 2, 1988, 9
Bewick, Thomas 1, 1987, 48; 2, 1988, 48
the Bible 3, 1989, 33
in Cousin Phillis 3, 1989, 72-5
in Mary Barton 2, 1988, 14, 15, 16-17, 21, 29; 6, 1992, 32, 35-6; 8, 1994, 11; 13, 1999, 90
in North and South 2, 1998, 22-3, 29
in Ruth 6, 1992, 36-9, 58
in Sylvia’s Lovers 6, 1992, 20-22
Biblical criticism 8, 1994, 5, 6, 7
Bingley, Revd W. 13, 1999, 79, 83n8
Binney, Edward 13, 1999, 87-8, 101n14
biography
female autobiography 14, 2000, 1-3
Elizabeth Gaskell’s interest in 14, 2000, 19
as male dominated 14, 2000, 1
writing of 11, 1997, 1-3
biological laws 17, 2003, 15, 17-18
see also evolutionary theory
Blackie & Son 8, 1994, 85
Blackwood, John
as George Eliot’s publisher 14, 2000, 62, 64, 67, 69
as Margaret Oliphant’s publisher 14, 2000, 67, 69
Blackwood, William 8, 1994, 46-7, 55, 81, 82-4
William Stevenson, correspondence with 1, 1987, 2-3
Blackwood’s Magazine 1, 1987, 2-8; 5, 1991, 29; 7, 1993, 76n1; 8, 1994, 68n4, 83
Africa, map of, published in 8, 1994, 58, 59
anonymous articles in 8, 1994, 56
Brontë family and 8, 1994, 54-69
Eliot: Scenes of Clerical Life published in 14, 2000, 66
James Hogg and 8, 1994, 54, 55, 56, 67, 70, 72
Margaret Oliphants’s articles in 14, 2000, 61, 62, 63, 65
William Stevenson’s articles in 1, 1987, 2, 3, 4, 5; 8,
1994, 49, 51
travel writing in 8, 1994, 58, 59, 60, 68n8
Blake, William 6, 1992, 33
Blanchard, Paula
Sarah Orne Jewett … 17, 2003, 86, 91n20
Bloomfield, B. C. 11, 1997, 23n1
Bloomsbury School of Art 5, 1991, 19
Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich 16, 2002, 31
Blythe, Ronald
Austen: Emma edited by 4, 1990, 91n7
Bock, Carol
Charlotte Brontë… 8, 1994, 69n23
Bodichon, Barbara (Mrs Eugene Bodichon) see Smith
Barbara
Bodichon, Dr Eugene 5, 1991, 22-3; 15, 2001, 54
the body
attitudes to 14, 2000, 26-9
Boggs, W. Arthur 6, 1992, 39n1, n8
Bolam, C. Gordon et al.
The English Presbyterians 15, 2001, 12n3
Bonaparte, Felicia
The Gypsy-Bachelor of Manchester… 12, 1998, 20n7; 16, 2002, 28n29, 83n5, 105
Bonheur, Rosa 7, 1993, 18
book prices 13, 1999, 95, 102n46; 14, 2000, 15
book reviews 5, 1991, 29-30; 7, 1993, 43; 10, 1996, 84;
14, 2000, 16
average payment for 14, 2000, 67
see also journalists/journalism; literary journals/reviews
Booker, John
Memorials of the Church in Prestwich 3, 1989, 27n6
Booth, William
In Darkest England 6, 1992, 33
Borelli, Ada 1, 1987, 44
Borghi, Liana M. and Camporesi, Cristiano
L’etica sociale nell’eta vittoriana 1, 1987, 44
Bosanquet, Charles (‘Bosie’) 14, 2000, 15, 22n4
Elizabeth Gaskell, correspondence with 14, 2000, 15;
15, 2001, 39
Boswell, James
Life of Samuel Johnson 11, 1997, 7
botany
amateur interest in 7, 1993, 10-11; 13, 1999, 86-8
see also evolutionary theory
Bourdieu, Pierre
The Field of Cultural Production 14, 2000, 34n12
Bowles, Caroline
Tales of the Factories 2, 1989, 25
Bradbury, Malcolm
Dangerous Pilgrimages… 15, 2001, 62n2
Braddon, Elizabeth
Lady Audley’s Secret 9, 1995, 47
Branca, Patricia 7, 1993, 51
Brand, C. P.
Thomas Carlyle and Dante 10, 1996, 2
Branwell, Elizabeth (Charlotte Brontë’s aunt) 8, 1994, 57
Brecht, Bertolt 11, 1997, 22
Bremer, Fredrika 9, 1992, 76n9; 17, 2003, 108
A Diary 6, 1992, 73, 74, 75
Elizabeth Gaskell and 6, 1992, 74, 75n4
The Home… 6, 1992, 73, 74
‘Life in the North’ 17, 2003, 93
The Twins… 6, 1992, 74
Brewster, David
Edinburgh Encyclopaedia 8, 1994, 50, 51
Bridell, Eliza (Mrs Frederick Lee Bridell) see Fox, Eliza
Bridell, Frederick Lee 5, 1991, 23-4, 25
Brierley, Ben 3, 1989, 58
Bright, Henry Arthur 15, 2001, 8
Bright, John 6, 1992, 31; 10, 1996, 47, 51; 12, 1998, 24
Brill, Barbara
William Gaskell… 15, 2001, 13n8; 17, 2003, 74n15
British Association for the Advancement of Science
4, 1990, 47-8
British Empire 16, 2002, 76
The British Mother’s Magazine 16, 2002, 88, 89, 94, 96
British Quarterly Review 7, 1993, 43, 68
Mary Barton reviewed in 3, 1989, 17
Broadhead, Richard H. 7, 1993, 70, 77n6
Brodie, Benjamin 16, 2002, 30
Brontë, Anne
Agnes Grey 11, 1997, 3-4; Angeline Goreau’s ‘Introduction’ to 17, 2003, 75n47
Tenant of Wildfell Hall 6, 1992, 32; 14, 2000, 5
Wuthering Heights, Charlotte Brontë’s ‘Preface’ to
17, 2003, 75n47
Brontë [Patrick] Branwell 8, 1994, 67; 11, 1997, 2, 3, 7,
10-11, 13nn3-4
Blackwood’s Magazine and 8, 1994, 54-5, 56, 67, 68
‘Misery’ (poem) 8, 1994, 68n1
Brontë, Charlotte
Anne Brontë: Wuthering Heights, ‘Preface’ to 17, 2003, 75n47
David Cecil on 2, 1988, 81
correspondence 11, 1997, 8-10, 12
on Cranford 14, 2000, 29
death 11, 1997, 5
as a feminist 9, 1995, 13
feminist criticism of 2, 1988, 82
Elizabeth Gaskell and 15, 2001, 38; 16, 2002, 64; 17,
2003, 61, 62, 63, 68
Elizabeth Gaskell’s Life of… see Life of Charlotte Brontë
Elizabeth Gaskell’s meetings with 5, 1991, 27; 11, 1997, 3, 4, 17
Constantin Heger and 11, 1997, 5, 6, 7, 10-11; 16, 2002. 72
Jane Eyre 4, 1990, 53; 5, 1991, 35; 11, 1997, 3, 7, 11; 14, 2000, 2; 16, 2002, 2
the Kay-Shuttleworths and 11, 1997, 4, 10, 16,
17-19; 17, 2003, 62-4
George Henry Lewes and 4, 1990, 68
marriage 16, 2002, 9; see also Nicholls, Arthur Bell
Harriet Martineau and 16, 2002, 64
on ‘The Moorland Cottage’ 7, 1993, 42, 43
Ellen Nussey, correspondence with 17, 2003, 73n47
The Professor 11, 1997, 6, 18-19; 16, 2002, 73
on Ruth 8, 1994, 12; 9, 1995, 39
Shirley 7, 1993, 44; 10, 1996, 75; 11, 1997, 17; 17,
2003, 62, 63
Mary Taylor, correspondence with 11, 1997, 9, 12
Villette 11, 1997, 6, 10, 12; 16, 2002, 72, 73
see also Nicholls, Arthur Bell
Brontë, Emily [Jane] 6, 1992, 15; 11, 1997, 12
Gondal’s Queen… 8, 1994, 67, 69n10
Wuthering Heights 11, 1997, 3-4, 79, 84n6
Brontë, Patrick (Charlotte Brontë’s father) 11, 1997, 2, 4, 8, 9, 13, 18; 16, 2002, 72, 73
Annette B. Hopkins on 15, 2002, 48; 16, 2002, 48
Brontë family
Blackwood’s Magazine and 8, 1994, 54-69
‘Branwell’s Blackwood’s Magazine’ 8, 1994, 60-62
juvenalia 8, 1994, 55, 58-62, 68n8; 11 1997, 5, 10, 11
‘Noctes Ambrosianae’, their version of 8, 1994, 62, 63, 64
Brontë Society (UK) 16, 2002, 59
Brook, Van Wyck
New England Indian Summer 15, 2001, 59
Brooks, Peter
The Melodramatic Imagination… 11, 1997, 45, 83
Brooks, Van Wyck
The Flowering of New England 17, 2003, 90n18
New England Indian Summer 17, 2003, 90n18
Brooks, W. S. 7, 1993, 17
Brotherton Library, Leeds University
Gaskell collection 4, 1990, 1-27
Brown, Harold 15, 2001, 52n29
Brown, Pearl H. 16, 2002, 83n6
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett 1, 1987, 7, 8; 5, 1991, 24;
14, 2000, 76
Aurora Leigh 1, 1987, 7-8; 11, 1997, 12; 14, 2000, 2
autobiography 14, 2000, 2
as a feminist 9, 1995, 13
Eliza Fox, correspondence with 5, 1991, 22
on Ruth 9, 1995, 39
Browning, Robert 5, 1991, 18, 22, 26
‘Fra Lippo Lippi’ 4, 1990, 66
Men and Women 2, 1988, 13
Bruce, Lady Augusta 5, 1991, 51
Bruce, Robert 5, 1991, 51
Bull, Thomas
Maternal Management of Children… 16, 2002, 96
Bullard and Lee, Boston 1, 1987, 32
Buller, Charles 6, 1992, 42
Buller Revd Reggie 6, 1992, 48
Bunsen, Baron 8, 1994, 8
Signs of the Times 8, 1994, 8
Burdett-Coutts, Angela 14, 2000, 45
Burnett, Anne 5, 1991, 64
Burns, Robert 8, 1994, 42, 43, 44, 77, 78
Burstyn, Joan 11, 1997, 65
Bussey, Gertrude 16, 2002, 52
Bussi Parmiggiani, G. Eliza 1, 1987, 45
Butler, Josephine E. 9, 1995, 28
Butler, Marilyn 6, 1992, 73
Butler, Pierce 9, 1995, 2
Butler, Samuel
The Way of All Flesh 7, 1993, 72
Butterworth, James 13, 1999, 85
Butterworth, John 13, 1999, 100n7
Butterworth, Robert 10, 1996, 90n8
Buxton, Richard 13, 1999, 87, 100n10
Byatt, A. S.
‘The Conjugal Angel’ (short story) 9, 1995, 54n7
Byerley, Ann 5, 1991, 6, 9
Byerley, Frances 5, 1991, 6; 10, 1996, 20
Domestic Duties 5, 1991, 8
Byerley, Katherine 5, 1991, 6, 12
Constance 5, 1991, 8
Byerley, Maria 5, 1991, 6, 9; 7, 1993, 32n4
Byerley, Sara 5, 1991, 10
Byerley, Thomas (the Misses Byerley’s father)
5, 1991, 6
Byerley, the Misses 5, 1991, 1-2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14
correspondence 5, 1991, 1, 2, 8
Byerley’s school, Barford
Elizabeth Gaskell at 5, 1991, 2, 3, 5-9; 7, 1993,
16-17, 32n4; 10, 1996, 14-15
Byerley’s school, Stratford-on-Avon
Elizabeth Gaskell at 1, 1987, 3; 5, 1991, 1, 2, 9-14
Byron, Lord George Gordon 8, 1994, 44
Childe Harold 8, 1994, 57
The Island 14, 2000, 77
Cairns, Peter 8, 1994, 47
Caldwell, Anne Marsh 14, 2000, 18, 21-2
Ravenscliffe 14, 2000, 21
Calvinism 12, 1998, 16, 19n3
see also religion
Calvino, Italo 10, 1996, 4
La Camorra (Italian Secret Society) 4, 1990, 61
Camporesi, Cristiano see Borghi, Liana M and
Camporesi, Cristiano
Carlyle, Jane Welsh (Mrs Thomas Carlyle)
on autobiography 14, 2000, 2
Collected Letters… 6, 1992, 56n14; 8, 1994, 53n13
Elizabeth Gaskell and 6, 1992, 44-7, 48
her health 6, 1992, 45-6, 48, 53
on James Martineau 6, 1992, 48, 49-53, 56n14
New Letters and Memorials of… 6, 1992, 56n8
religious beliefs 6, 1992, 46, 47-55
Carlyle, Thomas 2, 1998, 8; 3, 1989, 25; 8, 1994, 6, 9;
16, 2002, 12
‘Biography’ 2, 1988, 1
‘Characteristics’ 5, 1991, 38-9, 41
‘Chartism’ 2, 1988, 3, 11n3; 6, 1992, 42
Collected Letters… 6, 1992, 56n14; 8, 1994, 53n13
‘Corn-Law Rhymes’ 2, 1988, 4, 5
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays 2, 1988, 11n3, nn6-7; 6, 1992, 56n14
Dante, influence of 10, 1996, 2-4
on the fall of man 5, 1991, 38-9
The French Revolution 3, 1989, 31; 15. 2001. 35
Elizabeth Gaskell, correspondence with 2, 1988, 1-2, 9-10; 6, 1992, 42-3
Elizabeth Gaskell and 6, 1992, 42-57; 8, 1994, 98
Heroes… 10, 1996, 2, 3; 11, 1987, 79, 84n7
on the industrial revolution 8, 1994, 98, 102-4
Life of John Sterling 11, 1997, 7-8
on Manchester 3, 1989, 56
Harriet Martineau on 6, 1992, 44
James Martineau on 6, 1992, 49-50
on Mary Barton 2, 1988, 1-12, 31; 6, 1992, 42
Past and Present 3, 1989, 31; 4, 1990, 38, 57; 6, 1992, 42, 48; 10, 1996, 3, 4; 15, 2001, 35
Reminiscences 8, 1994, 102-4
Sartor Resartus 6, 1992, 52, 53-4, 55; 17, 2003, 56
‘Signs of the Times’ 8, 1994, 98
William Stevenson and 8, 1994, 50-51
on Unitarianism 6, 1992, 47, 53-4, 56n14
Carney, William 9, 1995, 6
Carpenter, J. Estlin 6, 1992, 57n17
Carpenter, Lant (William Benjamin Carpenter’s father) 16, 2002, 31
Carpenter, Mary 16, 2002, 31
Carpenter, S. C.
Church and People… 10, 1996, 82n3
Carpenter, William Benjamin 16, 2002, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 38; 17, 2003, 14, 19
Principles of Comparative Physiology 16, 2002, 46n30
Carr, George (Harriet Carr’s probable father) 4, 1990, 1
Carr, Harriet
Elizabeth Gaskell, correspondence with 4, 1990, cover, 1-27; 5, 1991, 64, 71n7, 74; 6, 1992, 67
69-72; 7, 1993, 17; 10, 1996, 15; 13, 1999, 20;
16, 2002, 28n6, 95-6
Elizabeth Gaskell and 5, 1991, 74-6; 9, 1995, 66
marriage 6, 1992, 67
Carr, Walter (Harriet Carr’s brother) 5, 1991, 65
Carwell, Virginia A.
Serialization and the Fiction of Mrs Gaskell 14
2000, 73
Casalino, Mario 1, 1987, 42
Cash, James
Where There’s a Will… 13, 1999, 100n5
Casteras, Susan 17, 2003, 73n7
Catalani, Angelica 13, 1999, 85, 91, 92, 101n28
Catholicism 1, 1987, 34; 9, 1995, 70, 71; 10, 1996,
49-50; 17, 2003, 60
anti-Catholicism 17, 2003, 60, 61, 69, 73n7
Marianne Gaskell’s attraction to 6, 1992, 30-31
Papal Aggression claims 17, 2003, 61
Unitarian attitudes to 17, 2003, 61
see also religion
Catt, George R.
The Pictorial History of Manchester 3, 1989, 47
Cattermole, George 2, 1988, 57n11
Cazamian, Louis
The Social Novel in England… 12, 1998, 40, 42
Cecil, David, Lord
Early Victorian Novelists 2, 1988, 81, 85, 86, 90;
9, 1995, 69
Cerutti, Toni
Le vite dei Vittoriani… 1, 1987, 45
Chadwick, Edwin 11, 1997, 16
Chadwick, Mrs Ellis H. 1, 1987, 1; 2, 1988, 59
Mrs Gaskell… 2, 1988, 39n1; 4, 1990, 51n12; 5,
1991, 2, 9, 13, 62, 63, 68-9, 72n10; 7, 1993, 16;
8, 1994, 52n2; 9, 1995, 66
Chalmers, Thomas 8, 1994, 85, 86n18
Chambers, Robert
Domestic Annals of Scotland 15, 2001, 39
Traditions of Edinburgh 8, 1994, 85
Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation 17, 2003,
13-14, 25, 32n4
Chambers Journal 8, 1994, 84-5
Channing, W. H. 6, 1992, 56n14
Channing, William Ellery 6, 1992, 26, 28, 47, 56n14,
66n11
Chapman, Edward
as Elizabeth Gaskell’s publisher 2, 1998, 3, 42; 3, 1989, 6; 6, 1992, 42; 14, 2000, 16
Chapman, John 14, 2000, 65, 66; 16, 2002, 73
Chapman and Hall 2, 1988, 41, 42; 3, 1989, 6; 6, 1992, 42
Chappell, Naomi C. 16, 2002, 62n8
Chapple, John A. V. 5, 1991, 73n30; 10, 1996, 14, 25n4;
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